新目标人教版八年级英语下册unit7全单元知识点归纳与总结及练习

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1Unit7What’sthehighestmountainintheworld?重难点解析一、重点短语1.asbigas与……一样大as…….as与…..一样(形容词副词)同级比较中间加形容词副词原型2.oneoftheoldestcountries最古老的国家之一oneof+the形容词最高级+可数名词复数最……之一3.feelfreetodosth.随意地做某事4.asfarasIknow据我所知(可用在作文当中发表自己的观点)Inmyopioion5.intheworld在世界上同义短语有:allovertheworldaroundtheworldthroughouttheworld6.anyothermountain其他任何一座山7.ofallthesaltlakes在所有的咸水湖中8.runalong跨越……9.freezingweather冰冻的天气10.takeinair呼吸空气11.thefirstpeopletodosth.第一个做某事的人12.inthefaceofdifficulties面临危险13.giveupdoingsth.放弃做某事14.achieveone’sdream实现某人的梦想15.eventhough虽然;尽管=evenifasif=asthough好像16.beawake醒着wakeup醒来,叫醒17.runoverwithexcitement兴奋地跑过去18.walkintosb.撞到某人19fallover摔倒20.takecareof照顾;照料=lookafter=carefortakecare当心,保重21.everytwoyears每两年表频率相当于oncetwoyears二、知识点详解1.Feelfreetoaskmeanythingontoday’sGreatWalltour.2在今天的长城游中,大家尽管问我任何问题,不要拘束。feelfree是英语口语中一个常用表达。若有人让你feelfreetodosomething,就是让你无需拘束,只管按照自己的意愿去做某事。e.g.A:CanIuseyourbathroom?我可以用一下你的卫生间吗?B:Yes,feelfree.可以,请随意。2.AsfarasIknow,therearenoman-madeobjectsasbigasthis.据我所知,再没有像它这样大的人造物体了。asfarasIknow是一个固定的表达方式,还可以说sofarasIknow,意思是―据我所知。e.g.They’renotcomingtoday,sofarasIknow.3.achievementn.成就;成绩e.g.Wefeltagreatsenseofachievementwhenwereachedthetopofthemountain.当我们到达山顶的时候,我们有一种巨大的成就感。achievev.达到;完成;成功e.g.Hewillneverachieveanythingifhedoesn’tworkharder.4.southwesternadj.西南的;西南方向的、e.g.IsthisSouthwesternAirline?这是西南航空公司吗?5.includev.包含;包括e.g.Herhobbiesincludeswimmingandgardening.6.conditionn.条件;状况e.g.Thepianowasingoodcondition.7.takein吸入;容纳e.g.Fishtakeinoxygenthroughtheirgills.Take常见短语:takeoff_________takeout___________takeaway______takecare_______takeup__________takeafter__________takecareof_____________8.succeedv.实现目标;成功常用短语:succeedindoingsth.e.g.Policehavefinallysucceededinsolvingthemystery.Succeed词性转换success______________uccessful_______successfully_________8.challengev.&n.挑战;考验e.g.Thejobdoesn’treallychallengehim.这项工作不能真正的考验他。9.inthefaceof面对(困难、问题等)e.g.Inthefaceofdifficulties,he’scompletelyunafraid.。310.forcen.力;力量e.g.Thethieftookthemoneyfromtheoldmanbyforce.11.Oneoftheworld’smostdangeroussportsismountainclimbing,…oneof+the+形容词的最高级+复数名词‖,意为―最……之一eg:MissWangisoneofthemostpopularteachersinourschool.12.Itisalsoveryhardtotakeinairasyougetnearthetop.Itis+adj.+todosth.,Eg:It’sverydifficulttoclimbQomolangma.13.Evenmoreseriousdifficultiesincludefreezingweatherconditionsandheavystorms.difficulty既可作可数名词也可作不可数名词。作可数名词时通常用复数,表示具体概念,即:各式各样的―困难,难题,难事,如:He’shavingfinancialdifficulties.作不可数名词时,译作―困难,艰难,幸苦,如:Shehadgreatdifficultyinunderstandinghim.常见短语有:havedifficultyindoingsth在……方面有困难14.Thespiritoftheseclimbersshowsusthatweshouldnevergiveuptryingtoachieveourdreams.giveup意为―放弃‖,后面可以接名词、代词或v-ing形式作宾语。【注意】如果其宾语是名词,那么名词可以放在give和up之间,也可以放在up之后;如果其宾语是代词,那么代词只能放在give和up之间。Eg.AlthoughEnglishisn’teasytolearn,Iwon’tgiveitup.15.Whydosomanypeopletrytoclimbthismountaineventhoughitisdangerous?eventhough用作从属连词,意为―即使;尽管‖,相当于evenif,引导让步状语从句,一般不与并列连词but连用。Eg:Mr.Wangwillcomeontimeeventhoughitrains.16.…theyrunoverwithexcitementandsomeofthemevenwalkintotheirfriendsandfallover!runover跑上前去e.g.Sheranovertosayhello,butIdidn’trecognizeher.17.walkinto(走路时意外)撞上e.g.Ashewasthinkingtoodeeplyandnotplayingattentiontowherehewasgoing,hewalkedstraightintoatree.18.over摔倒;倒下e.g.Don’truntoofast,oryoumightfallover.4falloversomething被某物绊倒e.g.Tommyfelloverthedogandbrokehisfrontteeth.Tommy19.Chinahasthelargestpopulationintheworld.中国式世界上人口最多的国家。Population人口当前面有百分数,分数修饰的时候谓语动词用复数,没有则用单数Eg.Theworld’spopulationisincreasingfasterandfaster.About80%ofthepopulationinchinaarefarmers.问人口是多少切记:Whatisthepopulationof……或者HowlargeisthepopulationofEg.WhatisthepopulationofChina?=HowlargeisthepopulationofChina?【注意】一定不能用Howmany或howmuch;修饰population同样用的是large或small,不能用much或many三、重点句型1.Itis+~adj.+(forsb.)todosth.Eg.Itisalsoveryhardtotakeinairasyougetnearthetop.Itis+adj+ofsb+todosth介词for,of的选择取决于前面的形容词,前面的形容词可以用来形容一个人的性格,品质特征用of常见有:kind,clever,smart,foolish,对事而言的话,则用for,常见有hard,easy,difficult,important,necessary等2.Although.“,…不可以与but连用Eg.AlthoughJapanisolderthanCanada,itismuchsmaller.3.sb.spendtime/moneydoing/onsth.Eg.Adultpandasspendmorethan12hoursadayeatingabout10kilosofbamboo.四、重点语法——形容词副词的原级、比较级和最高级(一)原级句型:1.Aisas+原级+as+B表示A与B一样…eg:Heisastallasme.2.Aisnotas/so+原级+asB表示A不如B…eg:Heisnotastallasme.3.只能修饰原级的词,very,quite,so,too,so,enough,pretty等例如,Heistootiredtowalkon.他太累了以至于不能再继续走了。(二)比较级句型可以修饰比较级的词,much,alot,far,…的多alittle,abit,…一点儿even甚至,5still仍然Eg.LessonOneismucheasierthanLessonTwo.第一课比第二课容易得多。Tomlooksevenyoungerthanbefore.汤姆甚至比以前更年轻。1.当句中有than时则用比较级。eg:Heisfatterthanme.2.当句子中的比较对象为两者时用比较级:“特殊疑问词+be+形容词比较级,AorB?”eg:Whichisbigger,theearthorthemoon?哪一个大,地球还是月球?3.“比较级+and+比较级”表示“越来越……”。eg.Theflowersaremoreandmorebeautiful.花儿越来越漂亮。加more构成比较级的形容词则用moreandmore+形容词表示越来越…eg:Englishismoreandmoreimportant.4.“the+比较级,the+比较级”表示“越……,越……”。Eg.Themorecarefulyouare,thefewermistakesyou’llmake.5.“A+be+the+形容词比较级+ofthetwo+……”表示“A是两者中较……的”。Eg.Lookatthetwoboys.Mybrotheristhetallerofthetwo.6.A+be+形容词比较级+than+anyother+单数名词(+介词短语)”表示“A比同一范围的任何一个人/物都……”,含义是“A最……”。Eg.TheYangtzeRiverislongerthan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