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UnitTwoHiroshima–the“liveliest”cityinJapanTeachingObjectivesofLesson21)ToacquaintstudentswiththehistoricalfactsoftheatomicbombardmentinHiroshimaanditsimpactuponpeople’slives.2)ToacquaintstudentswithJapanandhertraditionsrevealedinthetext.3)Toenablestudentstoappreciatethereportorialwriting,i.e.factsandopinions.MorepicturesAtthetimethisphotowasmade,smokeroseto20,000feetaboveHiroshimaAerialphotographfromthe80kilometersawayoftheInlandSea,takenabout1hourafterthedropping.Thehugeatomiccloud,6August,1945TheAtomicBombDomeHiroshimaPeaceMemorial,aremnantofthecityatgroundzeroofitsnuclearbombardmentTheruinsoftheInstituteofIndustrialDevelopment,withitswarpeddome,werepreservedasasymboloftheterrorofdestruction.Agirlwithherskinhanginginstrips,atOhmuraNavyHospitalonAugust10-11.LunchBox-TheAtomicShadow--TheshadowsoftheparapetswereimprintedontheroadsurfaceoftheYorozuyoBridge,1/2ofamilesouth-southwestofthehypocenter.TheleavesofthisFatsiajaponicathrewashadowonanelectricpoleneartheMeijiBridge.bottleChoiceofTarget--Hiroshima•SomemilitarycampswerelocatednearbysuchastheheadquartersoftheFifthDivisionandFieldMarshalHata's2ndGeneralArmyHeadquarters,whichcommandedthedefenseofallofsouthernJapan.•HiroshimawasamajorsupplyandlogisticsbasefortheJapanesemilitary.•Thecitywasacommunicationscenter,astoragepoint,andanassemblyareafortroops.•Itwaschosenasatargetbecauseithadnotsuffereddamagefrompreviousbombingraids,allowinganidealenvironmenttomeasurethedamagecausedbytheatomicbomb.•Thecityasawholewashighlysusceptibletofiredamage.EffectsofanAtomicBombExplosion•ThedevastationofHiroshimaandNagasakiresultedfromthreemaintypesofeffects:blast,thermalradiation,andnuclearradiation.•Ofthese,onlytheblasteffectissignificantforchemicalhighexplosives.Theblasteffectofanatomicbombissimilartothatofaconventionalexplosivebutmuchmoreintenseandfar-reaching.•Thermalradiation,whichresultsfromtheextremelyhightemperaturescreatedbyanatomicexplosion,causesseriousburnsonexposedpartsofthebodyandmayignitefiresoverawideradius.•Nuclearradiation,whichresultsfromtheneutronsandgammaraysassociatedwithfission,causesdeathandinjuryasaresultofdamagetolivingtissue.Thedamage:•Destroyingalmosteverythingwithinaradiusof6,000to8,000feet(1.830-2,450meters).Altogetheranareaof13sq.Ikm.(5sq.mi.)wasreducedtoashesandofthe76,000buildingsinthecity62.9%weredestroyedandonly8%escapeddamage（amongthemwereearthquake-resistantbuildings）.•Over71,000peoplewerekilledinstantly.Manymorelaterdiedofinjuriesandtheeffectsofradiation.Survivorsarestilldyingofleukemia(白血病),perniciousanemia(恶性贫血症),etc.•Theradiationgeneratedbythebombcausedlong-termproblemstothoseaffected.Manypeoplediedwithinthefirstfewmonthsandmanymoreinsubsequentyearsbecauseofradiationexposure.Somepeoplehadgeneticproblemswhichsometimesresultedinhavingmalformedbabiesorbeingunabletohavechildren.•Itisbelievedthatmorethan140,000peoplediedbytheendoftheyear.Thetotalnumberofpeoplewhohavediedduetothebombisestimatedtobe200,000.•Whenwewereplayingintheschoolground,anairplanecame,butwekeptonplaying,onlysayingWhydidtheygivetheall-clear?Allofasudden,therewassomethinglikelighteningandIcoveredmyfacewithmyhands.WhenIopenedmyeyesandlookedaround,itwasdarkandIcouldn'tseeanything.WhileIwasfeelingaroundinthedarkness,itbecamelight.Iwasthinkingofgoinghome,andIfoundthatallthehousesaroundmehadbeendestroyedandfireswereburninghereandthere.•Istartedrunninghome,cryingandcalling,Mother!Mother!ButIcouldn'ttellwheremyhousehadbeen.Ijustwentaroundthiswayandthat,andthenIheardmysistercallingmyname.IwasshockedwhenIsawher,becauseshewasstainedwithbloodallover.Ilookedatmyself;theskinofbothmyarmsandfeethadpeeledawayandwashangingoff.Ididn'tknowwhatallthismeant,andIwasfrightened,soIburstintotears.Meanwhile,MotherhadcrawledoutfromthepileoftilesanddraggedanovercoatandFather'scloakoutofatrunkandwrappedusinthem.•WespentthenightinYasuShrineinGion.Becauseoftheirburns,everyonewascryingforwaterallnight.Thenextmorning,weweretakenbytrucktoaBuddhisttempleinKabe.Thatnight,mysisterdied.HowcanIdescribeMother‘sgrief?HowcanIdescribethehorriblescenesIsawinthetemplethen?Whocanimaginethemiserieswewentthroughexceptthosewhoweretherethemselves?Itisentirelybeyondmypowertoputtheterriblesightintowords.Countlesspeoplesufferingfromburnsandwounds,groaningwithpain,theirbodiescoveredwithmaggots（蛆）,anddyingindelirium（精神错乱）,oneafteranother.Itwashellonearth.AnaccountbyMasatadaAsaeda--3rdGradeStudentin1945GeneralIntroductionoftheText•Whattypeofwritingisthetext?•Howmanysectionsisthetextdivided?•Whatisthetheme,tone,mood,pointofviewofthetext?•Narrativewriting(timeorder)•Section1--ArrivalatHiroshima(para1-7)Section2–Dinnerwiththemayor(para8-27)Section3–Interviewwiththepatient(para28-39)•--Theterribleeffectofnuclearweaponsuponpeopleandtheirlives.Aprotesttonuclearweaponsisvoiced--Thetone(meaningthewaytheauthorfeelsorthinksaboutthesubjectofthestory):bitter,upset,sad,ironic)--Pointofview:firstpersonparticipantSectionOne–ArrivalatHiroshimaA.QuestionsforDiscussion•1.Whatdoyouknowabouttheauthor?nationality;occupation;aimofthevisit•2.Howdidthewr