Did-you-have-a-tough-childhood

Didyouhaveatoughchildhoodadversityn.unfavourableconditions;trouble逆境;不幸;厄运;unfortunateeventorcircumstances不幸的事件或遭遇;祸事;苦难1处於逆境而仍乐观remaincheerfulinadversity2有勇气面对厄运.faceadversitywithcourage3她饱经祸患而百折不挠.Sheovercamemanyadversities.adverseadj.Translation(Para.1)Intensedifficulties,hardshipsandmajorobstaclesareactuallyoftenmajorcontributorstosuccess.(Para.4)Shehauledherselfupbyherownbootstrapsandbegantostriveforahigher,morepowerfulconsciousness.(Para.5)Mrs.RooseveltquicklytransformedthepositionofFirstLady.(Para.7)Shedisplayedatough,unyieldingcourage,temperedbyremarkableself-controlandself-discipline.(Para.9)Buthetappedintohisresourcesofinnercourageanddetermination.Haveyoueverexperiencedanyintensedifficulties,hardshipsormajorobstaclesinyourlife？Howdoyoudealwiththesedifficulties,hardshipsorobstacles?Doyouthinkadversitycanmakeyougrowbetterandstronger?(Para.1)Intensedifficulties,hardshipsandmajorobstaclesareactuallyoftenmajorcontributorstosuccess.重大的困难、艰辛和障碍，往往能造就成功。hardship:n.sth.thatmakesyourlifedifficultorunpleasant,especiallyalackofmoney,ortheconditionofhavingadifficultlifeManystudentsaresufferingseverefinancialhardship.磨难接踵而来。Hardshipscameoneafteranotherbearhardshipsendurehardshipsexperience/gothroughhardshipshardship&difficulty这两个名词都表示“困难”之意。hardship强调指生活上令人难以承受的艰难困苦，如疾病、贫穷等。例如:difficulty指需大量思考和技巧或努力才能克服的任何困难。intenseadj.1(ofsensations)verygreatorsevere;extreme（指感觉）强烈的,剧烈的,极度的intenseheat,pain,etc酷热、剧痛.2(ofemotions,etc)verystrong（指感情等）强烈的,热烈的intenseinterest,anger,jealousy,convictions,浓厚的兴趣、盛怒、极端的忌妒、强烈的信念.contributorn.acausalfactorintheexistenceoroccurrenceofsomething.·促成因素contributionn.thingcontributed捐赠物;稿件;贡献(fig比喻)Thesigningofsuchatreatywouldbeamajorcontributiontowardsworldpeace.签订这样一项条约,是对世界和平的重大贡献.(Para.4)Shehauledherselfupbyherownbootstrapsandbegantostriveforahigher,morepowerfulconsciousness.她依靠自己的努力，着手提高自身的觉悟。haul(pull/drag)oneselfupbyone‘s(own)bootstraps：improveone’spositionbyone‘sownefforts自力更生bootstraps拔靴带haulv.pullhard用力拉，拽Shehauledonthereins.她用力拉缰绳。consciousnessn.stateofbeingaware;awareness明了;觉悟;知觉;清醒状态myconsciousnessofherneeds我对她的需求的了解classconsciousness阶级觉悟recover/regainconsciousnessafteranaccident事故之後恢复知觉.提高觉悟raiseconsciousnessstrivetryveryhard(toobtainorachievesth)（为获得或实现某事物）努力,奋斗striveforsuccess力争成功strivetoimproveone'sperformance努力提高演技.(Para.5)Mrs.RooseveltquicklytransformedthepositionofFirstLady.罗斯福夫人迅速完成第一夫人的角色转换transformv.makeathoroughordramaticchangeintheform,appearance,orcharacterof彻底改变，使发生巨变，使改观，变革Hewantedtotransformhimselfintoasuccessfulbusinessman.他想让自己改变成为一个成功的商人。Lasershavetransformedcardiacsurgery.激光使心脏手术大为改观。transformationn.变形;变质;变态(Para.7)Shedisplayedatough,unyieldingcourage,temperedbyremarkableself-controlandself-discipline.她展示了由非凡的自控和自律造就的坚强不屈的勇气。unyieldingadj.notgivingwaytopressure;hardorsolid;unlikelytobeswayed;resolute.压不垮的，坚挺的,不屈从的，坚定的TheAtlantichurleditswavesattheunyieldingrocks.大西洋的猛浪击打着坚实的岩石。他坚定不移的信念。hisunyieldingfaith.temperv.strengthenthroughexperienceorhardship;toughen:锻炼：通过经历和磨难使其坚强；锻炼：soldierswhohadbeentemperedbycombat.经过战斗锻炼的士兵们self-disciplinepowerofcontrollingone‘sowndesires,feelings自律（力）;自我约束（通常指为提高个人修养的）anathlete'sself-discipline运动员的自律力Dietingdemandsself-discipline.节食需有自我约束力.(Para.9)Buthetappedintohisresourcesofinnercourageanddetermination.但他最大限度地利用了内在的勇气和决心。tapv.exploitordrawasupplyfrom(aresource).·开发（资源）1ClientsfromindustryareseekingtotapEdinburgh'sresourcesofexpertise.工业界客户想寻求利用爱丁堡专门技术资源。2这些杂志已经开发了消费者目标市场。Thesemagazineshavetappedintoatargetmarketofconsumers.(Para.1)It’struethatdifficultchildhoodsdoleavesomepeoplewoundedanddisadvantaged.disadvantagedadj.sociallyoreconomicallydeprived社会地位低下的;卑贱的;贫困的;贫贱的Morestatehelpisneededforthedisadvantagedsectionsofthecommunity.国家需要向社区的贫困阶层提供更多救济.thedisadvantagedn[plv]peoplewhoaredisadvantaged社会底层的人appealsonbehalfofthedisadvantaged为社会底层的人所作的呼吁.(Para.1)atoughchildhoodactuallydrivesthemtoremarkableachievementandsuccessdrivev.make(sb)workveryhard使（某人）努力（尤指过分）Unlesshestopsdrivinghimselflikethishe'llhaveabreakdown.他要是总这样拚命干下去是吃不消的.Hedrivestheteamrelentlessly.他无情地鞭策全队苦练.(Para.2)Theirgoalwastoidentifytheearlyexperiencesthatcontributedtotheremarkableachievementsofthesesuccessfulpeople.identifyv.1recognizesb/sth确认、证明;鉴别出Canyouidentifyyourumbrellaamongthislot?你能在这些伞中认出你自己的那一把吗?Sheidentifiedthemanasherattacker.她认出那个男人就是袭击过她的人.2equatetwothings认为某事物与另事物等同Onecannotidentifyhappinesswithwealth.幸福和财富不能混为一谈.3identify(oneself)withsb/sth:givesupporttosb/sth;beassociatedwithsb/sth支持某人[某事物];与某人[某事物]有关联Ifoundithardtoidentifywithanyofthecharactersinthefilm.我对这部影片里的任何角色都难以认同.identificationn.验明;鉴别Theidentificationoftheaccidentvictimstooksometime.验明事故遇难者身分的工作费了不少时间.children'sidentificationwithstorycharacters.儿童对故事人物的认同感。(Para.3)Theyhadenduredextremepoverty,brokenhomes,andevenparentalabuse.abusen.[U]1wrongorbaduseortreatmentofsth/sb对某事物[某人]的滥用,妄用或虐待drugabuse滥用麻醉药品childabuse虐待儿童.anabuseoftrust,privilege,authority辜负别人的信任,滥用特权,滥用权力.2[C]un