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ByTodorTchervenkovFortheNorthAmericanComputationalLinguisticsOlympiad2007AncientGreekConsiderthesephrasesinAncientGreek(inaRoman-basedtranscription)andtheirunorderedEnglishtranslations:(A)hot!nhyi!ndulos____(1)thedonkeyofthemaster(B)hoit!ndul!ncyrioi____(2)thebrothersofthemerchant(C)hoituemporuadelphoi____(3)themerchantsofthedonkeys(D)hoit!non!nemporoi____(4)thesonsofthemasters(E)hotucyriuonos____(5)theslaveofthesons(F)hotuoicucyrios____(6)themastersoftheslaves(G)hot!nadelph!noicos____(7)thehouseofthebrothers(H)hoit!ncyri!nhyioi____(8)themasterofthehouse1.MatchtheAncientGreekphrase(A-H)withthecorrespondingEnglishtranslation(1-8).2.TranslateintoAncientGreek:a)thehousesofthemerchants____________________________b)thedonkeysoftheslave.____________________________Note:theletter!standsforalongo.ProblembyPatrickLittellfortheNorthAmericanComputationalLinguisticsOlympiad2009JapaneseBraille!Brailleisatactilewritingsystem,basedonaseriesofraiseddots,thatiswidelyusedbytheblind.Itwasinventedin1821byLouisBrailletowriteFrench,buthassincebeenadaptedtomanyotherlanguages.English,whichusestheRomanalphabetjustasFrenchdoes,requiredverylittleadaptation,butlanguagesthatdonotusetheRomanalphabet,suchasJapanese,Korean,orChinese,areoftenorganizedinaverydifferentmanner!TotherightisaJapanesewordwritteninthetenji(“dotcharacters”)writingsystem.Thelargedotsrepresenttheraisedbumps;thetinydotsrepresentemptypositions.karaoke#$%1.Thefollowingtenjiwordsrepresentatari,haiku,katana,kimono,koi,andsake.Whichiswhich?Youdon’tneedtoknoweitherJapaneseorBrailletofigureitout;you’llfindthatthesystemishighlylogical.a.________&'(b.________)%c.________*+d.________,-.e.________/0f.________1*22.Whatarethefollowingwords?a.________#3b.________1453.Writethefollowingwordsintenjicharacters:a.samurai___________b.miso___________ProblembyRachelNordlingerfortheAustralianComputationalandLinguisticsOlympiad2008DatafromMerrifield,W.etal(2003).LaboratoryManualforMorphologyandSyntax,7thedition.Dallas:SILInternational.LalanaChinantecLalanaChinantecisalanguagespokenbyapproximately10,000peoplewholiveintheOaxacaregionofMexico.Inthefollowingorthographyacolon(:)marksalongvowel,andthe!symbolmarksaglottalstop(likethesoundinthemiddleofuh-oh).kalakwa:kw!:li:Thebeautifulcorngrew.m!la#ömo:hkyaMypineappleshaveturnedoutwell.li:kalanekw!:kwa:kyaMytallcornyellowedbeautifully.#ökalaro:hmo:hnekyaMyyellowpineapplesripenedwell.kala#ökw!:Thecornturnedoutwell.m!lakwa:kw!:Thecornhasgrown.Part1.Whatdoesthewordli:mean?_______________________Part2.Whatdoesthewordro:hmean?_______________________Part3.TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoLalanaChinantec:a)Thegoodpineapplesbecamebeautiful.__________________________________________________b)Myripecornhasyellowedwell.__________________________________________________Part4.TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish:a)m!laro:hkw!:ne__________________________________________________b)li:kalakwa:kw!:__________________________________________________ProblembyDragomirRadevfortheNorthAmericanComputationalLinguisticsOlympiad2007MolisticImaginethatyouhaveheardthesesentences:Janeismolisticandslatty.Jenniferiscluviousandbrastic.MollyandKyleareslattybutdanty.Theteacherisdantyandcloovy.Maryisblittybutcloovy.Jeremiahisnotonlysloshfulbutalsoweasy.Eventhoughfrumsy,Jimissloshful.Strungyandstruffy,Dianewasapleasuretowatch.Easythoughweasy,Johnisstrungy.Carlaisblittybutstruffy.Thesalespeoplewerecluviousandnotslatty.1.Thenwhichofthefollowingwouldyoubelikelytohear?____a.Meredithisblittyandbrastic.____b.Thesingerwasnotonlymolisticbutalsocluvious.____c.Mayfoundadogthatwasdantybutsloshful.2.Whatqualityorqualitieswouldyoubelookingforinaperson?____a.blitty____b.weasy____c.sloshful____d.frumsyProblembyPyotrZubkovKazakhSeveralphraseshavebeentranslatedintoKazakh(writteninRomanscripthere),butthetranslationsaregiveninrandomorder.Someofthewordsaremissing.a.oneandfive___i.______benelüwb.oneandeight___ii.birmenbesc.threeandtwo___iii.bir______segizd.fourandseven___iv.elüwekimenone.sevenandfifty___v.______menelüwf.eightandfifty___vi.otızben______g.thirteenandthirty___vii.törtpen!etih.thirtyandtwo___viii.ü______ekii.fifty-twoandten___ix.onüpenotız1.Matcheachphrasewithitscorrecttranslationandsupplythemissingwords.2.TranslateintoKazakh:a.fiveandthirty-eight__________________________b.tenandfour__________________________c.sevenandfifty-three__________________________d.thirty-eightandfive__________________________Note:i,ö,ü,ıarespecificKazakhvowels.Theletter!hasthesoundofsinthewordusual.ProblembyIvanDerzhanskiTaikyokuSh!giJapaneseChess(Sh!gi),playedonaboardofsize9by9andwithatotalof40men,isthemostpopularintellectualgameincontemporaryJapan,whereitentertainsbetween10and20millionpeople.Butbetweenthe8thand18thcenturymanyothervariantsofthegamewereinventedinthatcountry,someonsmallerandsomeonlargerboards.ThelargestofallJapanesechessgames(andgenerallythelargestchessgameinhistory)isTaikyokuSh!gi(moreorless“UltimateChess”),inwhichtheboardisofsize36by36(or1296squaresinall)andeveryplayerhasinthebeginninganarmyof