22424InitialsǎāáàaOpenyourmouthwide,withyourtongueinthemiddleinalowposition;thelipsarenaturallyopened.Half-closeyourmouthwiththetongueinahalf-highposition;drawbackyourtongueandmakeyourlipsround-shaped.òóǒōoAfterpronouncingo,naturallyopenupyourmouthandkeepthetongue'spositionunchanged.ěèéēeWhenpronoucingi,thetongueisinthehighestposition,themouthisslightlyopenedandthelipsareflat-shaped.Stretchforwardyourtongue,putitagainstthebackofthelowerteethandopenupyourlips.Whenpronoucingu,thetongueisinthehighestpositionandthemouthisslightlyopened.Makeyourlipsround-shaped,drawbackyourtongueandmakethetonguerootapproachthesoftpalate.•Afterpronoucingi,justmakeyourlipsround-shapedtopronounceü,withthetonguepositionunchanged.•ai-asthevowelinbike•ei-asthevowelinlake•ui-combinationof'u'and'i',thesameaswordweinEnglish•aopronounceashour•oupronounceasoh•iupronounceasyou•ao-asthevowelinloud•ou-asthevowelinflow•iu-combinationof'i'and'u',thesameaswordyewinEnglish•ie-combinationof'i'and'e',asthevowelinsierra•ue-combinationof'u'and'e',asthevowelinbuena•er-combinationof'e'and'r',asthevowelinearly•an-asthevowelinanchor•en-asthewordearnwithoutthersound•in-asinthewordinn•un-asinthewordone:•ϋn-asyinyellowfollowedbytheEnglishwordone•ang-asthewordlong•eng-asthevowelinlung•ing-asthevowelinEngland•ong-as'u'followedbythe'ng'asaboveTonesfinals•b-asthebinbook•p-asthepinpool•m-astheminmoon•f-asthefinfood•d-asthedindoor•t-asthetintom•n-astheninno•l-asthelinlove•g-asthegingood•k-asthekinkill•h-asthehinhigh•j-asthejinjeep•q-asthechincheese•x-astheshinsharp•z-asthezinzero•c-asthetsintsunami•s-asthesinsun•zh-startwith'j'injeep,butthenendsmoothlywithrsound.•ch-startwith'q'incheese,butthenendsmoothlywithrsound.•sh-startwith'x'insharp,butthenendsmoothlywithrsound.•r-astherinred