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1.Teenagersshouldbeallowedtochoosetheirownclothes.2.Englishisspokenbymanypeople.4.Lucky52iswatchedonTVbymanypeople.3.Theticketsaboutheroesaresoldout.5.RiceisplantedinSouthChina.6.Heissaidagoodboy.语态：表示主语和谓语动词之间的关系。英语有两种语态，即主动语态和被动语态。主动语态：表示主语是动作的执行者。被动语态：表示主语是动作的承受者。如：ManystudentsstudyEnglish.(主动语态)Englishisstudiedbymanystudents.(被动语态)语态助动词be有人称、数的变化,其变化规则与be作为连系动词时一样。如：Thedeskismadeofwood.Thedesksaremadeofwood.被动语态的结构助动词be+及物动词的过去分词不同的时态有不同的被动语态结构1.一般现在时的被动语态结构：bymanystudents.1.ManystudentsstudyEnglish.Englishisstudied2.Theymakeshoesinthatfactory.Shoesaremadebytheminthatfactory.1.把主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语。2.把主动语态的谓语变为被动语态的谓语。3.把主动语态的主语变为被动语态的by短语。（①by短语可以省。②by短语后跟代词的宾格。）bytheteacher.3.Theteacheroftenaskshimquestions.Heisaskedquestions1.找宾语----即动作的承受者Theymakeshoesinthatfactory.Shoes2.判断宾语的单复数----即be动词的单复数.aremade3.判断动词的时态----即be动词的时态.4.修改谓语的时态----即原句动词改为过去分词5.修改原句的主语----即by+主语/宾语.bythem.主变被解题步骤宾变主,主放后,前加by动变被,看清be,结构分别be+pp•TheyplayfootballonSunday.•Lucydoesthehomeworkintheevening.•Theyoftenusecomputersinclass.•WemakethesemachinesinBeijing.FootballisplayedbythemonSunday.ThehomeworkisdonebyLucyintheevening.Computersareoftenusedbytheminclass.ThesemachinesaremadeinBeijing.肯定句：主语＋be+过去分词＋(by~)否定句：主语＋benot＋过去分词＋(by~)一般疑问句：Be＋主语＋过去分词＋(by~)?特殊疑问句：疑问词＋be＋主语+过去分词＋(by~)被动语态的时态是由be的时态决定的，be是什么时态，全句就是什么时态，be动词后面的过去分词不变。bymanystudents.Englishisstudied1.Theyboughttencomputerslastterm．bythemlastterm.2.一般过去时的被动语态结构：was/were+过去分词lastyear.2.Weplantedmanytreeslastyear.ManytreeswereplantedTencomputerswerebought•Theybuiltthetallbuildinglastyear.•Hetookgoodcareofhislittlebrotheryesterday.•Wecleanedourclassroomjustnow.•Theyusedthisroomforresting.Thetallbuildingwasbuiltbythemlastyear.Hislittlebrotherwastakengoodcareofbyhimyesterday.Ourclassroomwascleanedbyusjustnow.Thisroomwasusedforrestingbythem.3.现在进行时的被动语态的结构is/am/are+being＋过去分词1.Someworkersarepaintingtheroomsnow．bysomeworkersnow.Theroomsarebeingpainted2.Heiswashinghisjacket.Hisjacketisbeingwashedbyhim.•Theyarebuildinganewhouse.•Heislookingforhisnewpen.•Wearecleaningourclassroomwindowsnow.•TheyarecookingarichdinnerforSpringFestival.Anewhouseisbeingbuiltbythem.Hisnewpenisbeinglookedforbyhim.Ourclassroomwindowsarebeingcleanedbyus.ArichdinnerisbeingcookedbythemforSpringFestival.4.一般将来时的被动语态结构：willbe+过去分词1.Theywillfinishtheworkintendays.bythemintendays.Theworkwillbefinished2.Tomwillcleantheroomtomorrow.TheroomwillbecleanedbyTomtomorrow.•Wewillholdasportsmeetingnextweek.•Childrenwilltakesomephotosintheschoolyardtomorrow.•Theheadmasterwillgiveatalkthisafternoon.Asportsmeetingwillbeheldbyusnextweek.Somephotoswillbetakenbychildrenintheschooltomorrow.Atalkwillbegivenbytheheadmasterthisafternoon.5.含有情态动词的被动语态结构：can/may/must/should+be+过去分词1.AmycantakegoodcareofGina．byAmy.Ginacanbetakengoodcareof2.Youshoulddrinkmorewater.Morewatershouldbedrunkbyyou.1.Hecantakecareofthebaby.2.Lucymaydrawthepictures.3.Youmustturnoffthelights.4.TheyshouldlearnEnglishwell.Thebabycanbetakencareofbyhim.ThepicturemaybedrawnbyLucy.Thelightsmustbeturnedoffbyyou.Englishshouldbelearnedwellbythem.6.现在完成时的被动语态的结构have/has＋been＋过去分词1.Wehavemadetwentymorekeys．byus.Twentymorekeyshavebeenmade2.Wehavefinishedourcompositions.Ourcompositionshavebeenfinishedbyus.1.Wehavecleaneddoorsandwindows.2.Lucyhaspaintedthreepicturestillnow.3.Theyhavemendedthecarfortheoldman.4.Hehaskeptthebookfortwodays.Doorsandwindowshavebeencleanedbyus.ThreepictureshavebeenpaintedbyLucytillnow.Thecarhasbeenmendedbythemfortheoldman.Thebookhasbeenkeptbyhimfortwodays.表格：被动态基本结构时态被动语态结构一般现在时一般过去时现在进行时过去进行时一般将来时过去将来时现在完成时过去完成时am/is/aredonewas/weredoneam/is/arebeingdonewas/werebeingdonewillbedonewouldbedonehave/hasbeendonehadbeendoneSuchbooksarewrittenforchildren.这些书是为儿童写的被动语态的用法（1）不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁.It’ssaid/believed/reported/known+that…It’sreportedthataboutthreehundredpeoplewerekilledinthisearthquake.据报道，这次地震中大约有三百人死亡。（2）强调动作的承受者，这时应用by短语。ThecupwasbrokenbyDavid.（3）作客观说明时，常采用一种被动语态句型.如：1.Hegavemeabook.－Iwasgivenabookbyhim.（以I做主语）－AbookwasgiventomebyTom.（以物book作主语）2.HeteachesusEnglish.－WearetaughtEnglishbyhim.（以人当主语）－Englishistaughttousbyhim.（以物作主语）被动语态的几种类型1.带双宾语句子的被动语态.（指物的宾语叫直接宾语，指人的宾语叫间接宾语）常见的接双宾语的动词有:to:pass,give,teach,show,bring,handfor:make,buy,draw,sing,get,以“人”当主语时，变法和一般的变法一样；以“物”当主语时，在保留的间接宾语前必须加to或for.keep,make三类的动词常常有宾语补足语，在被动语态中，宾语补足语位置不变。Wekeepfoodfreshinthefridge.主谓宾宾补－Foodiskeptfreshinthefridge.Isawhimgointotheofficebuilding.2.含有宾语补足语的句子的被动语态不及物动词没有宾语，因此没有被动语态。但有的不及物动词后面加上介词及其他一些词类构成短语动词之后，其作用相当于及物动词，可以接宾语，因而也可以变为被动语态。在变成被动语态时，不能去掉构成短语动词的介词或副词.Theytakegoodcareofmychild.Mychildistakengoodcareof.Iturnedofftheradio.Theradiowasturnedoff(byme)3.含有短语的主动语态变被动语态即feel,hear,listen,have,make,let,look,watch,see,notice，这些词在主动句中，其后的动词不定式不加to，但变被动句时必须加to.1.IsawhimplaybasketballlastSunday.HewasseentoplaybasketballlastSunday.2.Weheardthemsingintheclassroom.Theywasheardtosingintheclassroom.4.感官动词和使役动词的被动语态（1）当主动结构中的宾语是反身代词和相互代词时，不能改为被动语态。Weoftenhelpeachother.我们常常互相帮助。（2）当谓语是表状态的及物动词时（如have,like,takeplace,belongto…）如：Iliketheseflowers.我喜欢这些花。Iwillhaveameeting.不说Ameetingw