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ExaminationPaper(Formedicalstudents)学号________姓名_______分数_________I.Choosethecorrectmeaningforeachprefixorsuffix.8%1.masto–A.breast.B.womb.C.menses.D.orary2.extra–A.inside.B.outside.C.across.D.backward3.spleno–A.cell.B.bonemarrow.C.thymus.D.spleen4.–ectomyA.cutting.B.stomy.C.cuttingout.D.outlet–forming5.dermo–A.skin.B.below.C.under.D.cuti6.proteo–A.sweet.B.bile.C.protein.D.fat7.chromo–A.time.B.color.C.for.D.disease8.necro–A.life.B.colour.C.time.D.dead.II.Fillingintheblankswithproperwords.8%9.Wewillusetheterm________torefertothedatathatcanbegatheredaboutanindividualpatient,namely,symptoms,signs,andlaboratoryabnormalities.10.__________________arethosediseasescharacterizedbystructuralchangeswithinthebodyasthemostbasicabnormality.11.Thesurgeonshouldneverleavetheoperatingroomareauntilthereportisdictated,unlesshisorher___________isrequiredforanemergencyelsewhere.12.Thefunctionofthe______________istoprotectusfromorganismsthatcausedisease,andfromothermaterialsthatwouldbeharmfultothebody.13.AIDS,abbreviationof________________________________________,isaviraldiseasethatimpairstheimmunesystemofthehumanbody,leavingitpreytoagreatvarietyofinfectionsthatwouldbereadilysuppressedbyafunctioningimmunesystem.14.Approximately10%ofthepatients_______breastcancerpresentwithahistoryoftrauma.15.Obesityinchildrenandadolescentsmaybeassociatedwithsociopsychologic____________.16.MostpeoplewhohaverecentlybeeninfectedbyHIVlookandfeelperfect___________.III.Choosethebestanswertoeachofthefollowingquestions.8%17.Geneticanddevelopmentaldiseases_______________.a.coverawiderangeofabnormalitiesb.areinfluencedbyenvironmentsoastoappearearlyinlifec.aredefinedasinjuries,inflammation,orevenneoplasmsd.arecausedbybiochemicalchangespresentatbirth18.Structuralchangeswithinthebody________.a.arethemostbasicabnormalityb.areusuallyatthemicroscopicorelectronmicroscopiclevelc.maybeeitherbiochemicalormorphologicd.aredifficulttoclassify19.Whichofthefollowingstatementsarenottrue?a.Structuraldiseasessometimesfallintomorethanonecategory.b.Structuraldiseasesarenotalwaystoclassify.c.Structuraldiseasesusuallyfallintomoreofthethreebroadcategories.d.Structuraldiseasesarecalledlesionsthatmaybebiochemicalormorphologic.20.Theauthorsuggeststhatallofthefollowingmeansbeusedtohelpchildrenwithelevatedbloodcholesterollevelsexcept________.a.formalnutritioncounselingb.regularfollow-up,includingmeasurementofbloodlevels.c.dietaryinterventionsasfirsttherapyd.lipid-loweringmedications21.Theonethingthattheauthordoesnotrecommendisthat_________.a.youngpeopleshouldbescreenedtodetectelevatedbloodcholesterollevelsb.alow-fat,balanceddietshouldbecomethenormc.effortstolowerfatinfoodshouldbeencouragedd.dietaryeducationshouldbepromoted22.WhichofthefollowingistrueofthestudentsinthecontroloftheDISC?a.Theyshowedthesamereductionsinbloodlipidlevels.b.Theymadechangestowardhealthierbehaviors.c.Theywereawareofthehighrisksofthestudy.d.Theymadeinformationinthistrialavailabletophysicians.23.HowdoesHIVdamagestheimmunesystem?a.ByintegratingwithandtakingoverRNAofcells.b.Byinfiltratingandbloodstream.c.ByinfectinganddamaginghelperTcells.d.ByincreasingthecrucialactivitiesofthekillerTcells.24.TheauthorbelievedthatthebestwaytocheckthespreadoftheAIDSis__________.a.toconductglobaleducationaboutthediseaseb.totreattheknowncaseswithAZTc.tolimittheprocessofthediseased.tousecondomsandother“safesex”practicesIV.Readingcomprehension.30%PassageAHIVisspreadortransmittedfromthepersontoanotherbybodilyfluidssuchasbloods,semenandvaginalfluid.Thishappenedintwomainways:1.bysexualintercoursewithaninfectedperson.Theviruscanbetransmittedwhenaninfectedindividualhassexualintercoursewithanotherperson.Thelagerthenumberofsexualpartnersandindividualhas,themorelikelyheorsheistohaveapartnerwhohasHIVinfection,therebyincreasingthechancesofbecominginfected.Thevirusispassedonmoreeasilybyanalintercoursethanbyvaginalintercourse.Theinfectioncanbetransmittednotonlyfrommantomanandmantowoman,butalsofromwomantoman.Althoughtransmissionismorelikelytooccurfrommalestofemalesthanfromfemalestomales,theriskoffemaletomaketransmissionissignificant.2.byinfectedbloodandbloodproducts.AlthoughtransmissionofHIVhasoccurredthroughtransfusionsofinfectedbloodandbloodproductsinthepast,donationstotheRedCrossBloodTransfusionServicearenowroutinelytestedforHIVantibodies.ThisscreeningandothermeasuresintroducedbytheRedCrossBloodTransfusionServicemakethechancesofanyonebeinginfectedthoughthisroutevery,veryslim.a.Transmissionthroughbloodfromapersoninfectedwithvirusoccurswheninfectedneedlesand/orsyringesaresharedbypeopleusingillicitdrugs.b.ThereisabsolutelynoriskofblooddonorsacquiringHIVinfectionbygivingbloodtotheRedCrossTransfusionService.3.frommothertobabyduringpregnancy.Thevirusisverylikelytobepassedfromaninfectedmothertoherchildduringpregnancy.Thereisalsoapossibilityofthevirusbeingtransmittedthroughbreastmilk.WomenwhointendtobecomepregnantshouldconsiderhavinganHIVantibodytest.WedoknowhowthevirusisNOTspread:ItisNOTspreadthroughtheair.Youcannotbecomeinfectedbybreathingtheairbreath