人教高中英语必修4Unit1Subject-Verb-Agreement(共45张PPT)

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主谓一致Welcometoourclass!Unit1Grammar一.语法一致原则:句子的谓语同句子的主语在语法形式上保持一致,即单数主语需用动词的单数形式,复数主语需用动词的复数形式。二.意义一致原则:指从意义上着眼处理主谓一致关系,谓语动词的单、复数形式取决于主语所表达的概念,而不取决于表面语法标志。三.就近原则:指谓语动词的数要与它紧邻的名词或代词的数保持一致。T/F1.EitheryouorIaregoingtoNanning.2.EachofthemhasanewEnglish-Chinesedictionary.3.Alibrarywithfivethousandbooksisofferedtothenationasagift.4.Thefamoussingeranddanceraregoingtoattendourpartythisevening.5.Myfamilyaresmall.6.Thefamilyaresittingroundthetablenow.一、名词作主语G1:He____(come)fromGuilin.Thetwins____(be)fromNanning.G2:Theclass______(have)20students.Theclass_____(be)playingagamenow.G3:Myglasses_____(be)old,Iwanttobuyanewpair.Apairofnewshoes___(be)giventohimasapresentbyhisgrandma.G4:Asheep____(be)eatinggrassbytheriver.Thesheep______(be)eatinggrassbytheriver.G5:Thepolice____(be)calledtolookintothematter.主语是单数形式,谓语动词也用单数形式;主语是复数形式,谓语动词也用复数形式。主语是不可数名词,谓语动词用单数形式。G1.He_______(come)fromGuilin.Thetwins______(be)fromNanning.comesare一些集合名词,如:family,class,group,team,Chinese,Japanese,audience,army,committee,couple,crowd,government,party,public,enemy等作主语时,如果指一个不可分割的整体,即它们强调总体时,谓语动词用单数形式;如果强调整体中的每一个成员,即强调个体时,谓语动词用复数。G2:Theclass______(have)65students.Theclass_____(be)playingagamenow.hasareG3:Myglasses_____(be)old,Iwanttobuyanewpair.Apairofnewshoes____(be)giventohimasapresentbyhisgrandma.一些有成双部分的衣物名词或工具名词,如:glasses,trousers,gloves,shoes,scissors等作主语时,谓语动词用复数形式。若用了pair等词修饰,谓语动词的形式则由pair等词的单复数形式决定。areisdeer,fish,sheep,means,works,series,species等是单复数同形的名词,它们的谓语要根据实际情况,如上下文的意义和它们的修饰语来决定。G4:Asheep____(be)eatinggrassbytheriver.Thesheep______(be)eatinggrassbytheriver.isis/areG5:Thepolice____(be)calledtolookintothematter.arepeople,police,cattle等只表示复数意义的集体名词作主语,谓语动词用复数形式。二、数量概念词作主语•Sixtyminutesisanhour.•Threefifthsoftheworkersinthefactoryaremen.•Halfofthebreadiseatenbythemouse.•Thenumberofthestudentsoftheschoolisabout600,andanumberofthemarefromGuilin.•Largeamountsofwaterwerewastedlastyear.•Alargequantityofstudentsgotothemuseumeveryday.•Manyastudentfailstopassontheexamination.•Oneoftheappleshasgonebad.1.主语中心词为时间、距离、金钱、重量等名词,且视为一个整体时,其谓语动词用单数形式,否则用复数形式。2.主语前若有all,some,half,enough,therest,等形容词或分数或百分数修饰时,谓语动词的数由名词类别和数量而定;若为复数可数名词,谓语动词用复数形式,若为单数可数名词或不可数名词,谓语动词则用单数形式。4.morethanone/manya+可数名词单数作主语,谓语动词用单数形式。5.oneof+可数名词复数作主语,谓语动词用单数形式。3.“thenumberof+名词复数”作主语,谓语动词用单数形式;“anumberof+名词复数”作主语,谓语动词用复数形式6.aquantityof+可数名词复数,谓语动词用复数形式;修饰不可数名词时,谓语动词根据quantity的形式而定。三、不定代词作主语1.由every-,any-,some-,no-构成的不定代词,each,every,some,any,no,much,little,alittle,agreatdeal,neither,either,noone,another,theother等作主语或修饰主语时,其谓语动词一般用单数形式。2.both,few,many,several(of)+可数名词,谓语动词用复数形式。3.all,some,most(of)等指代或修饰可数名词复数,谓语动词用复数形式;指代或修饰不可数名词,谓语动词用单数。4.none(of)指代或修饰可数名词复数,谓语动词用单、复数皆可;指代或修饰不可数名词,谓语动词用单数形式。Anyonewho______(come)hereiswelcomed.Nobody_____(like)him.Everygirl______(have)herdream.Eachofus____(have)anEnglishdictionary.Bothheandhisfather______(like)playingtennis.Allofthemeat________(smell)terrible.Allofthegirls_______(be)herenow.Noneofthem_____________(know)thenews.Noneofthismoney________(belong)tome.comeslikeshashaslikesmellsareknows/knowbelongs1.用and连接两个或两个以上表示不同的人、不同的事物或概念的名词作主语时,谓语动词一般用复数形式;若两个名词指同一个人、同一事物或概念时(此时and后的名词前没有冠词),谓语动词则用单数形式。JoanandMary_____(be)Canadians.Ateacherandwriter_____(be)comingtoourschooltomorrow.Ateacherandawriter_______(be)comingtoourschooltomorrow.areisare四、并列结构作主语2.如果and连接的两个并列主语被no,every或each等词修饰时,谓语动词用单数。Nofoodand(no)drink____(be)left.Eachgirland(each)boy______(have)receivedthegift.Everyminuteand(every)second____(be)important.Eachboyandeachgirl_____(have)anewbag.Everyworld_______(be)important.Noone______(be)intheclassroom.ishasishasisis3.and连接的两个名词作主语且又指的是同一个人、同一个事物或同一概念时,谓语动词用单数。(同一概念:knifeandfork;breadandbutter;heartandsoul;scienceandtechnology)Thewriterandpoet____comingsoonThesingerandthedancer______comingsoon.Breadandbutter_____soldinthestore.Breadandbutter_____thefavoritefoodofEnglish.isareareis4.由or,either…or…,neither…nor…,notonly…butalso…,not…but…等连接的并列主语,谓语动词的形式要根据与谓语动词最近的主语来决定,即就近原则。(A~~B谓语动词与B保持一致)_____(be)youorhecleaningtheblackboard?EitherIorhe_____(be)right.Neithertheboysnorthegirl_______(know)theman.Notonlyyoubutalsohe________(come)hereeveryday.Areisknowscomes5.用“both…and…”连接两个主语时,谓语动词用复数形式。Bothriceandcotton______(be)growninsouthChina.Bothheandhisfather_______(like)playingtennis.arelike五、其他情况1.Themanwho______(want)toseeyouiswaitingforyouatthegate.Hewasoneofthemenintheofficewho______(be)invitedtotheball.Hewastheonlyoneofthemenintheofficewho_____(be)invitedtotheball.关系代词在定语从句中作主语时,从句谓语动词要与先行词的数保持一致。在先行词前有oneof修饰时,从句谓语动词与复数名词保持一致;在先行词前有theonlyoneof,theveryoneof等修饰时,从句谓语动词与one保持一致,用第三人称单数形式。wantswerewas2.•Theteacherwithhisstudents_____(be)playingbasketballoverthere.•Marytogetherwithherclassmates_____(be)goingtoShanghainextweek.•Iaswellasshe_____(be)adoctor.•Ourheadteacher,alongwithhisstudents______(be)goingtoplayfootballthisweekend.•Theywiththeirteacher_____(have)livedtherefor2years.•Nobodybuthisparents______(know)thenews.isisamishaveknows主语中心词后有with,togetherwith,aswellas,like,but,except,alongwith,morethan,including,ratherthan,inadditionto,besides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