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考点一：可数名词及其单复数1.可数名词有单数和复数两种形式。可数名词复数形式分规则变化和不规则变化。不规则变化的名词有tooth→teeth,mouse→mice,foot→feet,sheep→sheep等。2.可数名词可以被基数词(如one)、不定冠词(a,an)或some,many,several,few,afew,alotof,lotsof,enough,plentyof,anumberof等修饰。3.对可数名词的量提问时，要用howmany。4.名词修饰名词时，若前面的名词是man和woman，变复数时，两个名词同时变复数(如amandoctor→twomendoctors)；如果是其他词，变复数时，只需把后面的名词变为复数形式(如agirlfriend→twogirlfriends)。1.Therearetwobeautiful______inthepicture.(2018广西百色)A.womansB.womenC.womanD.womens2.WangYapingandLiuYangareour_____inChina.We’reproud_____them.(2018黑龙江龙东)A.womanastronauts;ofB.womenastronauts;ofC.womenastronauts;in3.—Hey,boys.Lookatthefalling________.—Well,it’stellingusthatautumniscoming.(2018广西玉林)A.leafB.leafsC.leafesD.leaves4.WangYapingandLiuYangareour_____inChina.We’reproud_____them.(2018黑龙江龙东)A.womanastronauts;ofB.womenastronauts;ofC.womenastronauts;in5.—Mom,I’mback.Isthereanythingtoeat?—Sure.Some____inthefridge.(2018四川遂宁)A.beefB.appleC.dumplingD.milk6.Manyforeignerscametoourschoollastweek,includingthree_____andfour_____.(2018四川凉山)A.German,AmericanB.Germans,AmericanC.Germans,AmericansD.German,Americans7.—Whatagood_____you’vegivenme!Thanksalot.—Mypleasure.(2017山东滨州)A.informationB.newsC.suggestionD.advice8.Therearealotof_____onthegrassland._____sheep-dogissittingnexttothem.(2017甘肃兰州)A.sheep;TheB.sheep;AC.sheeps;TheD.sheeps;A9.—Whatkindofnoodleswouldyoulike?—I’dlikesome______noodles.(2016辽宁)A.carrotsB.beefC.potatoesD.vegetables10.EachcoupleinChinacanhavetwo_____fromJanuary1st,2016.(2016云南昆明)A.boyB.girlC.childrenD.child考点二：不可数名词1.常见的修饰不可数名词的词语有some,much,little,alittle,alotof,lotsof,enough,plentyof等。2.表示不可数名词的量时，通常要使用相应的单位词，如piece,cup,bowl等，复数形式常体现在单位词上。3.对不可数名词的量提问时，要用howmuch。1.—Whatwouldyouliketodrink?—I’dlikethree______.(2018贵州铜仁)A.bottlesofwatersB.bottleofwatersC.bottleofwaterD.bottlesofwater2.—Mydear,youhavemade______inyourEnglishthisterm.Welldone!—Thankyou,mum.Iwillkeeponworkinghard.(2018湖北恩施)A.aprogressB.progressC.progresses3.—Couldyoupleasegivemesome________onhowtolearnEnglish________?—Sure.Practicemakesperfect.(2018黑龙江齐齐哈尔)A.advice,wellB.advice,goodC.advices,well4.Thethree_____upstairsaretoosmalltohaveenough_____foradoublebed.(2018广东)A.room,roomB.room,roomsC.rooms,roomD.rooms,rooms5.—Areyouthirsty?—Yes,pleasegiveus_____.(2017南充)A.threebottlewaterB.threebottleofwaterC.threebottlesofwaterD.threebottlesofwaters6.Thebroken_______maycutintoyourhandifyoutouchit.Youshouldbecareful.(2016广东)A.glassB.glassesC.candleD.candles8.Ihadsome_____,vegetablesandtwoeggsfordinner.(2015青海)A.riceB.noodleC.banana7.Thereis_______juiceinthefridge.Let’sgoandbuysome.(2016江苏淮安)A.fewB.afewC.littleD.alittle考点三：名词词义辨析解题关键：通过分析具体的语境来辨析名词的词义。1.StephenHawking’sstorygivesmemuch______tofaceallkindsofdifficulties.(2018山东莱芜)A.chanceB.wealthC.courageD.decision2.Linda’sperformanceattheartfestivalwasa(n)________andwaslovedbyherteachersandclassmates.(2018江苏淮安)A.successB.dreamC.chanceD.idea3.Ifthetemperatureisbelow0℃,waterwillturninto_____intheopenair.(2018兰州)A.iceB.steamC.fogD.rain4.—Wouldyoulikesomethingtodrink?—Yes,______please.(2018广西梧州)A.somemeatB.somecakesC.somedumplingsD.somecoffee5.Lightsareout.Theconcertistobegin.ThefansholdtheirbreathforJayChou’s______.(2018江苏常州)A.influenceB.guidanceC.experienceD.appearance6.—Kidsoftenfeelbetterinahappyfamily.—That'strue.Ahappyfamilyprovidesaloving______foritschildren.(2018湖北荆州)A.expressionB.environmentC.encouragementD.development7.Didthepolicemangivemuch_____onhowtoprotectpersonalinformation?(2017上海)A.noteB.tipC.adviceD.book8.—Judy,IwillhaveameetinginCanadanextweek.—Well,you’dbettertakea_____withyou,oryoumayeasilygetlost.(2017重庆)A.photoB.stampC.mapD.postcard9.Duringthenextfewdays,Idecidetohaveagood________bytakingawalkorseeingamovie.Ireallyneedtorelax.(2016山西)A.mealB.sleepC.rest考点四：名词所有格（’s所有格和of所有格）1.单数名词和不以-s结尾的复数名词的所有格通常在词尾加’s；以-s结尾的复数名词的所有格在词尾加’。2.用and连接两个并列名词，如果表示两者共同拥有，只在最后一个名词后加’s即可；如果表示两者各自拥有，则每个名词后都加’s。3.表示时间、距离、国家等无生命的事物的名词，可在词尾加’s或’来构成所有格(如today’spaper,China’scapital)。4.“of+’s所有格”这种形式被称为名词的双重所有格，常用来表示整体中的一部分，如：afriendofmybrother’s。1.Thewomaninahatis_____aunt.(2018广西北部湾)A.JackandJohnB.Jack’sandJohnC.Jack'sandJohn’sD.JackandJohn’s2.Weusuallyhaveaseven_____holidayeveryNationalDay.(2018辽宁盘锦)A.daysB.day’C.day’sD.days’3.Thelittlegirloverthereis_____cousin.(2018湖南岳阳)A.TomB.Tom'sC.theTom4.—Excuseme!Isthis______newhouse?—Yes,it’s______.TheparentsofthemboughtitlastSeptember.(2018贵州安顺)A.LucyandLily’s;theirsB.Lucy’sandLily’s;themC.Lucy’sandLily’s;theirsD.LucyandLily’s;them5.—Tom,arethesebooks_____?—No,theyare____.Mineareonthatshelf.(2018四川遂宁)A.mine;JennyB.yours;Jenny’sC.mine;Jenny’sD.yours;Jenny6.—HowfarisitfromChongqingtoGuiyang?—It’sabouttwo_____ridebyhigh-speedtrain.(2018重庆)A.hourB.hour’sC.hoursD.hours’7.—Howfarisyourhomefromthetrainstation?—It’sabout20_____walk.(2017四川凉山)A.minuteB.minutesC.minute’sD.minutes’8.—It'seasytotravelfromUrumqitoLanzhoubytakinghigh-speedrailway.—Yes.It’sonly________.(2016乌鲁木齐)A.eighthoursrideB.eighthour’srideC.eight-hoursrideD.eighthours’ride9.—Areyousurethisisaphoto_____,thefamouscomedyactress?—Itsurprisedyou,didn’tit?Butsh