英语名词性从句讲解(最全版)

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英语名词性从句NounClause起名词性作用的从句,叫名词性从句。换言之,在英语的句子结构中,本来该由名词充当的主语、宾语、表语和同位语部分,换由一个句子来充当,这样的句子就是名词性从句。请思考定语从句的定义:起定语作用,用来修饰名词或代词的从句。名词性从句定义4、同位语从句(appositiveclause)分类1、主语从句(subjectclause)2、表语从句(predicativeclause)3、宾语从句(objectclause)1、Englishisveryusefulforus.2、ThesubjectIaminterestedinisEnglish.3、WeneedtomasterEnglishwell.4、Hewanttolearnthelanguage,English.请思考:(主语)(宾语)(表语)(同位语)1.他是怎么成功的仍然是个谜。Howwashesuccessfulisstillapuzzle.()Howhewassuccessfulisstillapuzzle.()2.你能告诉我他住在什么地方吗?Couldyoutellmewherehelives?()Couldyoutellmewheredoeshelive?()FTTF名词性从句名词性从句的语序———3.Heaskedmewhatwasthematterwithme.()T判断下列句子是否正确,(TorF)陈述语序连接副词(4个):when、why、where、how引导词从属连词(3个):that、if、whether连接代词(9个):who、whom、what、which、whose、whoeverwhomever、whatever、whichever、名词性从句引导词的用法(1):从句中的每一个引导词都有3个功能,分别如下:从属连词“that”---无词义、不作成份、起连接作用“if”---“是否”、不作成份、起连接作用“whether”---“是否”、不作成份、起连接作用1、Thatwewillrealizeourdreamsinthefutureiscertain.2、ThefactisthatBeijingwillhold29thOlympicGamesthisyear.3、Iknowthatwellbegunishalfdone.4、HeheardthenewsthatLiuxiangsetanewworldrecord.“that”---无词义、不作成份、起连接作用(主语从句)(表语从句)(宾语从句)(同位语从句)1、Myideaisthatweshoulddoitrightnow.2、Shewon’tbelievethathehasbecomeathief.3、Thatheisafamoussingerisknowntous.4、Iknewthenewsthatourteamwonthematch.5、Hissuggestionisthatweshouldfinishtheworkatonce.说出从句部分及类别并翻译:宾语从句表语从句表语从句主语从句宾语从句that引导的名词性从句,作主语、表语、同位语时一般不能省略。在引导单个的宾语从句时可以省略--1/6但在以下几种情况中that不能省略:1)It做形式宾语的宾语从句;不能省2)并列宾语从句中,从第二个宾语从句开始都不可省略;不能省3)当that作介词宾语时,that不可省掉。2.that的省略1.Idon’tthink____sheiscoming.2.Itisapity____hehasmadesuchamistake.3.Thereasonis____heiscareless.4.Thenews____ourteamwonthematchinspiredus.5.Idon’tthinkitnecessary____youshouldreadEnglishaloud.6.Hetoldme____hisfatherhaddiedand____hehadtomakealivingalone.7.Thereasonliesin_____sheworksharderthantheothersdo.请用that/(that)填空A.(that)B.thatABBBABBBthat和what都可引导所有的名词从句。但是,what除起连接作用外,还在名词性从句中充当成分,可做从句的主语、宾语、或表语。而that在名词性从句中不充当任何成分,只起连接作用。二、名词性从句连接词的选用1.that和what的选用1._____hewantsisabook.2._____hewantstogothereisobvious.3.Theresultis______wewonthegame.4.Thisis_____wewanttoknow.5.Is_____hetoldustrue?6.Weshouldpayattentionto______theteacherissaying.7.Ihavenodoubt_____hewillcome.WhatThatthatwhatwhatwhatthat1、Whethershewillcomebackontimedependsonweather.2、Theproblemiswhetheryoucouldgiveussomevaluableadvice.3、Iaskedhimwhetherhecoulddomeafavor.4、CouldyoutellmethequestionwhetherEnglishisusefulforusnow.“whether”---“是否”、不作成份、起连接作用(主语从句)(表语从句)(宾语从句)(同位语从句)If只能引导两种名词性从句:宾语从句、不放于句首的主语从句。Whether四种从句均可以引导。If与whether的区别:1、Whethershewillcomebackontimedependsonweather.2、Iaskedhimwhetherhecoulddomeafavor.请思考:1、Itdependsonweatherifshewillcomebackontime.2、Iaskedhimifhecoulddomeafavor.2.if和whether的选用名词性从句考点归纳a.主语从句b.表语从句c.同位语从句d.介词后的宾语从句e.whethertodo做动词宾语不能用iftodof.与ornot连在一起引导宾语从句时不用if二、名词性从句连接词的选用不能使用if的情况:If不能引导放于句首的主语从句,而whether可以1、Iaskedher__________shehadabike.2.______wewillholdapartyintheopenairtomorrowdependsontheweather.3.We’reworriedabout________heissafe.4.Idon’tknow___________heiswellornot.5.Idon’tknow________ornotheiswell.6.Thequestionis_________heshoulddoit.7.Thedoctorcanhardlyanswerthequestion______theoldmanwillrecoversoon.if/whetherWhetherwhetherwhether/ifwhetherwhether请用if/whether填空:whether连接代词名词性从句引导词的用法(2):“who”---“谁”、作主语、起连接作用“whom”---“谁”、作宾语、起连接作用“what”---“事情”、作主表宾、起连接作用“whose”---“谁的”、作定语、起连接作用“which”---“哪----”、作定语、起连接作用名词性从句考点归纳主要根据名词性从句中的具体意义,正确地选择who,which,when,where,why,how等连接词,这些连接词既具有疑问含义,又起连接作用,同时在从句中充当各种成分。其它连接代词和副词的使用名词性从句考点归纳我们何时举行运动会还没有决定。______weshallholdoursportsmeetingisnotdecided.我不知道昨天谁打破了玻璃。Idon’tknow______broketheglassyesterday.我不知道他长的什么样子。Ihavenoidea________helookslike.这就是我忘记眼镜的地方。Thisis_________Ileftmyglasses.其它连接代词和副词的使用Whenwhowhatwhere“who”---“谁”、作主语、起连接作用1、Whowillgotothecollegeisstilluncertain.2、Thetroubleiswhocouldlendmesomemoney.3、Hewanttoknowwhopickeduphismobilephone.(主语从句)(表语从句)(宾语从句)1、Whomyouwilllearnfromisworththinkingover.2、ThethingIamanxiousaboutiswhomhewillturntoforhelp.3、Hismotheraskedhimwhomhecouldbelievein.“whom”---“谁”、作宾语、起连接作用(主语从句)(表语从句)(宾语从句)1、WhatIdesiretogetisagoodreputation.2、WhathewilltellmeiswhatIhavebeenexpectingtoknow.3、TheyagreewithwhatIsaidjustnow.“what”---“事情”、作主表宾语、起连接作用(主语从句)(表语从句)(宾语从句)1、Whichclassissuitableforusisn’tmostimportant.2、Whathewantstoaskyounowiswhichteamwonthegame.3、Couldyoutellmewhichoneisright.“which”---“哪---”、作定语、起连接作用(主语从句)(表语从句)(宾语从句)1、Whosebagwasthemostbeautifulisstillunknownnow.2、Thequestioniswhosefriendscouldlendmeahand.3、Iwanttoknowwhosesuggestionismorepractical.“whose”---“谁的”、作定语、起连接作用(主语从句)(表语从句)(宾语从句)名词性从句引导词的用法(3):连接代词“whomever”--“-----的任何人”、作宾语、“whoever”--“-----的任何人”、作主语、“whatever”--“----的任何东西”、作主表宾语、“whichever”---“无论哪个或哪些---”、作定语、“whoever”--“---的任何人”、作主语、起连接作用1、Whoevercouldsolvetheproblemwillberewarded.2、ThepersonIwillpraiseiswhoevercouldworkoutthequestion.3、Youshouldappreciatewhoeverhelpedyouinthepast.(主语从句)(表语从句)(宾语从句)“whomever”---“---的任何人”、作宾语、起连接作用1、Whomeveryouwillmeetinthemeetingisexcellent.2、ThepersonIcoulddependoniswhomeveryoubelievein.3、YoushouldlearnfromwhomeverIpraisedyesterday.(主语从句)(表语从句)(宾语从句)1、Whatev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