山东农业大学硕士学位论文基于IT环境的企业财务管理信息系统研究--以山东省为例姓名:解飞申请学位级别:硕士专业:会计学指导教师:赵伟2011-05-10山东农业大学硕士专业学位论文 I 摘要信息化的脚步正以它前所未有的渗透力深入到社会生活的每个角落。从宏观角度来说,信息化是全球经济一体化条件下我国实现跨越式发展的一条必由之路;从微观角度来说,信息化也是中国企业实现管理变革、提升自身竞争力的绝好机会。企业信息化涵盖了产品信息化、设计信息化、生产过程信息化、企业管理信息化和市场经营信息化,这5个方面都与财务数据有着紧密联系,其核心资源都是财务,因此财务管理是信息化的必要切入点。财务管理信息系统作为企业信息系统的重要组成部分,可为企业带来巨大的经济效益。在 IT 环境下,财务管理信息系统所依存的环境发生剧变,传统会计理论面临着严峻挑战,传统会计信息系统的弊端也开始凸现。因此,积极研究 IT 环境下财务管理信息系统的相关理论及实践问题,无论是对企业信息化工作的开展和创新还是提高企业的自身竞争力,都具有积极的现实意义。本文运用理论与实践相结合的方法,首先从分析国家依托《20062020 年国家信息化发展战略》大力全面推进财务信息化工作的新背景新形势入手,进而系统地评述了所收集的文献,在说明了研究现状的基础上,指出目前研究的不足,并探讨了财务管理信息系统的IT环境及技术架构,以及IT环境对会计假设、会计目标、业务流程的影响,为下文问卷调查和IT环境下企业财务管理信息系统的构造提供理论基础和技术条件。为了更加具有实际意义,本文并不仅仅局限于理论探讨,而是紧密联系了山东省财务管理信息系统的实际情况。本文实证部分采取了问卷调查的方式,从企业财务管理信息系统基本状况、网络与硬软件建设状况、系统的建设与应用评价三个大方面设计了48 项关键问题,收集了真实、准确、及时、完整的数据,形成了对山东省企业财务管理信息系统情况的总体判断,并进行了全面详实的分析;同时兼顾具有长效作用,争取形成基础性指标以及相对稳定的工作机制。本文通过研究,并结合本次财务管理信息系统问卷调查所暴露出的问题,从认识深刻性、人才层次、投入布局、应用深度、个性化诉求与定位以及“信息孤岛”等多个角度提出了若干行之有效的建议;同时文章还指出,在“两化融合”的大背景下,更应该发挥政府在财务管理信息系统领域的调控、引导、带动作用。最后,在吸收了国内外专家学者研究的最新成果的基础上,以本次问卷调查为补充,对 IT 环境下企业财务管理信息系统基本框架进行设计,并积极探讨了全面预算管理、资金动态管理、决策支持子基于IT环境的企业财务管理信息系统研究——以山东省为例 II 系统的开发方法,为财务管理信息系统提供支持。关键词:IT;信息化;财务管理信息系统山东农业大学硕士专业学位论文 III ABSTRACT Informatization is now gradually and swiftly penetrating into every part of the social life. From a macroscopic view, Informatization is the only route China must take in order to realize the greatleap forward development under the Integration of global economy; from a microscopic view, it is a great opportunity for Chinese enterprises to realize their management revolution and raise their own competitiveness. The informatization includes the informatization of products, design, productive process, management of the enterprise, and the operation of the market, all of which are closed connected with the financial data. The core of these five parts is finance, that’s why financial control is the entry point of informatization. Being an important component of business information system, Financial Management Information System can bring huge economic benefits. Under the circumstance of IT, the environment that Financial Management Information System depends on has dramatically changed and traditional accounting is now facing fierce challenge, its own shortages are also begin to manifest themselves. Therefore, positively doing search on the theories and practices of Financial Management Information System under the IT circumstance has great influence on both the launch and innovation of enterprise informatization and the increase oftheir own competitiveness. This essay, using the combination of both theory and practice, first analyzed the new background of our government gives great impetus to the informatization of accounting relying on The National Strategies of Informatization from 2006 to 2020, then systematically analyzed the collected papers. Finally, after explaining the current situation, the essay points out the disadvantages of the current research, discusses the IT environment, technological structure of financial informatization and the influence of IT on accounting assumptions, targets and its processes. All of these provides the theoretical foundation and technological conditions to the questionnaire survey and the construction of Financial Management Information System in the following passage. To make it more realistic, this essay is not limited to theoretical discussion, it also involves the current situation of the financial informatization of Shandong Province. The demonstration part of this essay uses the questionnaire survey which covers most of Shandong to survey its financial informatization. The 48 key questions include the basic situation of financial informatization, the construction of network, hardware and software, the comments on the construction and application of financial information system. The data collected from this survey is real, exact, timely and complete, and forms a overall image of Shandong基于IT环境的企业财务管理信息系统研究——以山东省为例 IV enterprises’ informatization and also analyzed the data comprehensively. What’s more, the survey has a profound effect , which is trying to form a fundamental standard and stable mechanism. After researching and combining the problems exposed by the questionnaires, the essay gives some suggestions from the perspective of the depth of knowing, the grades of the talents, the layout of the input, the appeal and location of individuality and the islet of information. The essay also points out that government should take more responsibilities in regulating and controlling the finance information. Finally, after doing research on the latest findings of those experts and scholars, the essay designs a basic structure for the business financial information management system in the IT world, and profoundly discusses the ways of exploiting the overall budget management, the capital dynamic management and decision support subsystem, and therefore offer supports to the informatization of finance.