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哈尔滨理工大学软件学院移动云计算期末论文-I-云计算的集群与分布式摘要尽管我们已经有了高速的个人计算机，尽管我们有了储存大量信息的网络，但是随着社会的发展我们对其的要求也越来越高，为了满足越来越高的需求水平并降低升级的成本，一个新的观念出现了，并为IT业的发展指明了方向，这就是“云计算”。无疑，近年来，云计算已经成为最热门的技术话题之一，云计算技术已经成为了继个人计算机、互联网之后出现的第三次技术革命浪潮。国家“十二五”规划纲要和《国务院关于培育和发展战略性新兴产业的决定》均把“云计算”作为新一代信息技术的重要组成部分。由此可见“云计算”重要性和发展云计算的必要性。本文将从云计算组成的角度来粗浅的介绍云计算的概念。关键词集群技术与虚拟化，并行计算技术，分布式文件系统哈尔滨理工大学软件学院移动云计算期末论文-II-TheClusterandDistributedofCloudComputingAbstractAlthoughwehaveahigh-speedpersonalcomputer,althoughwehaveanetworkthatcanstorealargeamountofinformationnetwork,butalongwiththesocialdevelopment,werequirementsofitsincreasinglyhigh,inordertomeettheincreasinglyhighdemandandreducethecostofupgrading,anewconceptemerged,andthedevelopmentofITindustryspecifiedthedirection,thisisthecloudcomputing.Undoubtedly,inrecentyears,cloudcomputinghasbecomeoneofthehottesttopicsintechnology,cloudcomputinghasbecomethefollowingpersonalcomputers,theInternetofthethirdtechnologyrevolution.ThenationalThePlanofTwelfthFiveYeartocloudcomputingisanimportantpartofanewgenerationofinformationtechnology.Wecanseetheimportanceofcloudcomputingandthenecessityforthedevelopmentofcloudcomputing.Thispaperwilldescribetheconceptofcloudcomputingfromtheviewofthecomponentofcloudcomputing.KeywordsClusterandVirtualizationtechnologyParallelcomputingtechnologyDistributedfilesystem哈尔滨理工大学软件学院移动云计算期末论文-1-目录摘要......................................................................................................................IAbstract...............................................................................................................II第1章绪论........................................................................................................31.1课题背景...................................................................................................31.2什么是云计算...........................................................................................31.3云计算的基本技术...................................................................................3第2章集群技术与虚拟化................................................................................42.1集群技术...................................................................................................42.1.1高可用性集群....................................................................................42.1.2负载均衡性集群................................................................................52.2虚拟化技术...............................................................................................72.2.1CPU的虚拟化....................................................................................72.2.2内存虚拟化......................................................................................102.2.3I/O虚拟化.........................................................................................112.3虚拟化集群.............................................................................................122.3.1虚拟化集群总体框架......................................................................122.3.2vCenter..............................................................................................132.3.3vServer..............................................................................................142.4本章小结.................................................................................................15第3章分布式并行计算技术..........................................................................163.1分布式并行计算概述.............................................................................163.2OpenMP...................................................................................................173.3MPI...........................................................................................................183.4Erlang.......................................................................................................193.5本章小结.................................................................................................21第4章分布式文件系统..................................................................................224.1文件系统.................................................................................................224.2体系结构.................................................................................................224.2.1数据访问方式..................................................................................234.2.2系统服务器的结构..........................................................................234.2.3分布式文件系统关键技术..............................................................24哈尔滨理工大学软件学院移动云计算期末论文-2-结论....................................................................................................................27致谢....................................................................................................................29参考文献............................................................................................................30哈尔滨理工大学软件学院移动云计算期末论文-3-第1章绪论1.1课题背景技术是云计算发展的基础。首先是云计算自身核心技术的发展，如：硬件技术，虚拟化技术，并行编程模型、海量数据分布存储技术、海量数据管理技术、云平台管理技术；其次是云计算赖以存在的移动互联网技术的发展，如：高速、大容量的网络，无处不在的接