英语音标表及发音规则表

英语国际音标表（48个）元音（20个）辅音（28个）轻辅音/p//t//k//f//θ//s/浊辅音/b//d//g//v//ð//z/轻辅音/ʃ//h//ts//tʃ//tr/浊辅音/ʒ//r//dz//dʒ//dr/鼻音/m//n//ŋ/半元音/j//w/边音/ǀ/长元音/ɑ://ɔ://ə://i://u:/短元音/ʌ//ɔ//ə//i//u//e//æ//ei//ai//ɔi/双元音/iə//eə//uə//əu//au/英语音标的发间规则1．开音节1）以发音的元音字母结尾的单节。例：be，he。2）以辅音字母（r除外）+不发音的e结尾的音节。例：make，like。*在重读的开音节中元音字母按字母名称读音。2．闭音节以一个或几个辅音字母（r除外）结尾而中间只有一个元音字母的音节，称为闭音节。例：map，desk，is。*在重读的闭音节中元音字母读做短元音。1.元音:1)[i:]字母组合:eeeaeieei（eoeyi）threetreegreensheepmeetbeefseeseekeatteameatleaveleadteacherteammeanspeakcleanpleaseheshemepiecereceiveceiling2)[I]发音字母iyesitpictureitislistsixmixfixfitpigbigbuildmissmythmanytwentyhappydictionarydefectdecidedelicious3)[æ]发音字母abaghandandanthappyhatmapmadbadblackbackgladflagshallman4)[e]字母组合eaeaheadbreadpleasureelephantelectricremembersellshelllessonbetterbeddeskhotelyesmanyany5)[ə:]字母组合irurearerorgirlshirtskirtthirtythirteenthirdbirdturnburnmurdernurseturtleThursdayburgerlearnearnearthheardtermhernerdserveworkwormworkworld6)[ə]字母组合erorouaoaeteacherleaderrememberplayerspeakerfarmerpowderdoctoractormayorauthortractordeliciousgraciousfamiliarcollardollartogethertomorrowtodayshalloplessonWashingtoncontrolpolitearoundaccountagoelephantmantabananaCanadaJapanchinamenlisten7)[a:]字母组合aracarfarmcardarmgardenfastclasslastglassplantauntcalm8)[ʌ]发音字母uoouooupsupperlunchfungunhuntcupbuscomemotherdosebrotherloveabovetroubleroughflourishbloodflood9)[ɔ:]字母组合alorauourarsmallwalltalktallhallballcallwalkshortmorelordhorseforfortysportdoorfloorstoreauthorcaughtautumnfourmourncourtboughtwarmquarrelquarter10)[ɔ]([ɒ])发音字母oahotlostlotfoxboxmophoplosscollarnotwantwashwatch11)[u:]字母组合oooufoodmoonroomgloombroomdoomgoosetoothshoedotwotruetruthbluefullprude12)[u]字母组合ooouuolookgoodfootbookwoodshouldcouldputfullbullpullpushwomanwolf13)[ei]发音字母aayeaaieynamecakelategateplaneAprilplaysaymaywaygreatbreakrainpaintplaintheygrey14)[ai]发音字母iybikefinefinddieninelightnighthighmytryflyeye15)[au]字母组合ouowhouseoutflourgroundaccountcountsoundloudaroundmouseflowerdownnowcowhowtown16)[əu]发音字母oowoahomecoldgonophonehostghostknowlowbelowgrowblowshowflowboatcoatgoal17)[ɔɪ]字母组合oyoiboytoyjoyoilsoilvoicechoice18)[iə]字母组合eerearbeerdeerearnear19)[ɛə]([eə])字母组合earairerepearbearchairairfairtherewhere20)[uə][auə]字母组合ourowerhourtourflowershower辅音爆破音摩擦音破擦音鼻音舌则音半元音清辅音声带不震动[p]是字母p的发音pig;map[t]是字母t的发音foot;turn[k]是字母k和字母c的发音cake[keɪk]浊辅音声带振动[b]是b的发音boybox[d]是d的发音beddog[g]是字母g的读音注意发音时的辅音浊化在音标中[s][p]相遇[p]发[b]spring[sprɪŋ]speak[spiːk][s][t]相遇[t]发[d]student['stjuːd(ə)nt]study['stʌdɪ][s][k]相遇[k]发[g]school[skuːl]sky[skaɪ][f]是f和ph的发音[v]是v的发音.唇齿摩擦辅音。发音时下唇轻触上齿，气流由唇齿间通过，形成摩擦音。/f/是清辅音，声带不振动；/v/是浊辅音，声带振动。[fi:t]feet脚;[giv]give给摩擦音[s]【丝轻音】[z]【就是/s/的浊音】/s//z/是s的发音，/z/又是z的发音Size[saɪz];as[æz][ʃ]【轻音】是sh的发音[ʒ]【浊音】舌端齿龈后部摩擦辅音。发音时舌端靠近齿龈后部，舌身抬起靠近上鄂，双唇稍收圆并略突出。气流通过时形成摩擦音。/∫/是清辅音，声带不振动；[ʒ]是浊辅音，声带振动。She[ʃiː];usual['juːʒʊəl][θ]【齿咬舌头的轻音】[ð]【齿咬舌头的浊音】是th的发音。舌齿摩擦辅音。发音时舌尖轻触上齿背，气流由舌齿间送出，形成摩擦音。[θ]是清辅音，声带不振动；[ð]是浊辅音，声带振动。（切记舌头放在牙齿中间）[θri:]three三;[ðiz]this这个[h]【喝轻音】[hit]hit打击;[hed]head头破擦音清辅音浊辅音[tʃ]【轻音】不发ī[tr]【缺轻音】不发uē[ts]【次轻音】不发ì破擦音浊辅音[dʒ]【姬浊音】不发ī[dr]【撅浊音】不发uē[dz]【自浊音】不发ì鼻音（浊辅音）[m]【嘴巴闭住，然后发音，气流从鼻子出来，浊音】[n]【嘴巴微张，舌尖顶住上颚，气流从鼻子出来而不是从嘴巴出来，浊音】[ŋ]【嘴巴长大，舌头向下弯曲，气流从鼻子出来而不是从嘴巴出来，浊音】舌则音（浊辅音）[l]【有两个读音。一是放在音标结尾发呕，浊音；而是放在音标中发了，浊音】[r]【若不要把uò给发出来，浊音】半元音（浊辅音）[w]【我浊音】不发ǒ[j]【噎浊音】不发ǎ