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1倒装句一、定义：英语最基本的语序是主语在前，谓语动词在后。但有时由于句子结构的需要或表示强调，就要采用倒装形式。Eg：Thebuscomeshere.Herecomesthebus.车来了。二、分类：全倒装:将谓语动词完全移到主语之前称为完全倒装，半倒装:只将助动词或情态动词放到主语之前称为部分倒装。Eg：Manyyearsagotherelivedanoldmaninthewoodenhouse.很多年前有一位老人住在那间木屋里。NeverhaveIbeenlateforschoolthisterm.这学期，我从来没上学迟到过。三、全倒装：“五全”=有时表地方经常与be/come/exist/fall/follow/go/remain/seem/stand（表示移动或动态的不及物动词连用）或用表示类似“存在”观念的其他不及物动词如：live,stand,come,lie,flow,enter,rise和appear等㈠、“有”：在“therebe”结构里Eg：Thereisaboxonthetable.桌子上面有一个盒子。㈡、“时”：表示时间副词，如：now，then,Eg：Nowcomesyourturn.现在轮到你了。㈢、“表”：表语放句子前，“表语＋系动词＋主语”的结构Eg：PresentatthepartywereMr.Greenandmanyotherguests.格林先生和其他的客人在这个聚会上。Seatedonthegroundareagroupofyoungmen.一群年轻人坐在了地上。㈣、“地”：地点状语放在句首Eg：Insouthoftheriverliesasmallfactory.小工厂位于河的南方。Fromthevalleycameacry.山谷传来一阵哭声。㈤、“方”：表方位的副词here,there或out,in,up,down,away,off等标志词放在句首2Eg：Thereliesalargewheatfieldinfrontofthehouse.房子前面有一大片麦田。OffallthelightswentwhenIcamein.当我进来时，所有的灯都灭了。四、半倒装：“八部”=不只让步也常需（虚）如此祝福㈠、“不”表示否定☺①、no,not,never,hardly,no,not,never,hardly,barely,seldom,rarely,scarcely,nolonger,nowhereEg:NeverhaveIbeentoBeijing.我从没有没有去过北京。☺②、绝不：atntime,innoway,bynomeans,onnoaccount,innocase,in/undernocircumstanceEg:Atnotimecanwegiveup.我们决不能放弃。☺③、Notuntil...:直到Eg:NotuntilmymothercamehomedidIgotobed.知道我妈妈回家我才睡觉。☺④、Hardly/Scarcely...(过完）...when...（一过）...:一...就...Nosooner...(过完）...than...（一过）...:一...就...Eg:Hehadhardlygothomewhenithappenedtorain.=Hadhehardlygothomewhenithappenedtorain.他一到家碰巧就下雨了。☺⑤、Notonly......butalso......:（前倒后不倒）Eg：Notonlydidherefusethegift,healsoseverelycriticizedthesender.他没有收下礼物，还狠狠批评了送礼的人㈡、“只”：only所修饰的副词、介词短语或状语从句放在句子开头时。Eg：OnlythendidIrealizethatIwaswrong.只有到那时我才意识到我错了。Onlyinthiswaycanyoulearnfromyourmistake.只有用这样的方法你可以从错误中学习。Onlywhenthewarwasoverin1918washeabletogethappilybacktowork.只有当战争于1918年结束时候，他才能够快乐地回到工作当中。※当only之后所接的不是状语时不可以用倒装Eg：OnlyComradeZhangknowsaboutthematter..只有张同志知道这件事。㈢、“让步”：as/though/although引导让步状语从句时要倒装（形/副/名/动+as+主语+谓语）Eg：Proudastheyare，theyareafraidtoseeme.尽管他们自豪，但是他们还怕见到我。Childasheis，heseemstoknoweverything.（child前不加冠词）尽管他是个孩子，但他好像知道一切。3Hardasheworded，hemadelittleprogress.尽管他努力工作，但是几乎没什么进步。※以上句中as可以替换though/although，但是as更加常用。㈣、“也”：so/nor/neither开头,表示谓语所述的情况也适用于另一个人或一事物的肯定或否定句so用于肯定句，表示“也一样”“也这样”；nor/neither用于否定句，表示“同样也不，也不这样”。Eg:IamwatchingTV.Soisshe.我正在看电视，她也在看。Myparentsdidn'twatchTVlastnight.Neither（Nor）didI.我父母昨晚没有看电视，我也没有看。※表示两人的同样一个情况时，只能表示一件事，即上、下句所使用的动词、时态要一致。㈤、“常”：表示频度副词如：often、manyatime,nowandagain等经常用于正式的文体中Eg：Oftendidheadvisethemnottosmoke.他经常建议他们不要抽烟。㈥、“需=虚拟”：省略if的虚拟条件句，把助动词were、had、should提到主语前面时Eg：Haditnotbeenforyourhelp,weshouldn'thaveachievedsomuch.要不是你的帮助，我们不可能收获这么多。㈦、“如此”：so/such…that…。从句中，当so+形容词/副词或such+名词位于句首时。Eg：Soexhaustedwasshethatshewantedtohavearest.他是如此地疲惫以至于想要休息一下。㈧、“祝福”：当may放在句首，表达祝愿时。Eg：Mayyousucceed!祝你成功！五、练习题PartOne单项选择1._______andcaughtthemouse.A.UpthecatjumpedB.ThecatupjumpedC.UpjumpedthecatD.Jumpedupthecat2.______andthelessonbegan.A.IncameMrBrownB.MrBrownincameC.IncameheD.cameinMrBrown3.Over_______,dead.A.rollingthegoatB.rolledthegoatC.didthegoatrollD.thegoatrolled4.—Whereismyshirt,mum?—_________.A.ThereisitB.ThereitisC.ThereisD.Hereisit5.—Whereisyourfather?—Oh,________.A.herehecomesB.heherecomesC.heredoeshecomeD.herecomeshe6.Thedooropenedandthere________.4A.entersanoldmanB.enteredanoldmanC.didanoldmanenterD.anoldmanentered7.Now______yourturntorecitethetext.A.willcomeB.comesC.hascomeD.thereis8.Often_____themnottosmokehere.A.weadvisedB.advisedmeC.didweadviseD.hadweadvised9.________playingsoldiers.A.InsidetheroomweretwoboysB.InsidetheroomtwoboysC.WeretwoboysinsidetheroomD.Insidetheroomwastwoboys10.Onthewall_______twolargeportraits.A.arehangingB.HangedC.hangD.hangs11._______whowaswoundedinthestomach.A.AmongthemwereasoldierB.AmongthemwasasoldierC.AmongthemasoldierwasD.Amongtheywasasoldier12.Nextdoortoours________,whoisnolessthaneighty.A.thatlivesanoldmanB.doesanoldmanliveC.livesanoldmanD.wherelivesanoldman13.Sheplaysthepianoverywell,______.A.soeveryoneofusdoesB.everyoneofusdoesC.sodoeseveryoneofusD.sodoeveryoneofus14.Yousayheworkshard,______,and_____.A.sohedoes;soyoudoB.sohedoes;sodoyouC.sodoeshe;sodoyouD.sodoeshe;soyoudo15.—Ithoughtyouwomenwerepresentatthemeeting.—__________.A.SowewereB.SowedidC.SowereweD.Sodidwe16.Idon’tthinkJackwillcometoday,_____.A.norwillMaryB.andMarydoesn’tC.MarywilleitherD.orMarydoes17.Sheisfondofcooking,_____I.A.soamB.noramC.neitherdoD.nordo18.MarxwasborninGermanyandGermanwashisnativelanguage.A.SoitwaswithEnglesB.SowasitwithEnglesC.SowasEnglesD.SodidEngles19.Afishneedswaterandwithoutwateritwilldie._______.A.SodoesamanB.SowillamanC.SoitiswithamanD.Soisitwithaman20.Soabsorbed_______theworkthatsheoftenforgotto_____hermeals.A.hadshebeenin;doB.shewasin;makeC.wasshein;takeD.shehadbeenin;have21.Soloudly______thateveryoneoftheclasscouldhearhim.A.didhespeakB.didhespokeC.spokeheD.hespoke22.__________hisappearancethatnoonecouldrecognizehim.A.StrangesowasB.SostrangewasC.WassostrangeD.Sowasstrange23.Notonce______theirplan.A.didtheychangeB.theychangedC.changedtheyD.theydidchange24.Never______s