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大学英语六级分类模拟题344Translation1、普通话中国的官方语言普通话在美国的学校中突然热起来。由于中国经济在21世纪的快速发展，美国的公立和私立学校纷纷在外语课程中加入汉语这一科目，或将已有的汉语教学项目进行扩展。据统计，在美国的学校中，有5万名孩子在学习汉语。但推动汉语项目的发展不是没有遇到困难。由于缺乏受过专业训练、持有证书的教师，一些学校很难加入汉语教学的竞争。当学校聘用教师时，它们通常直接从中国招聘，这种方式为文化冲突埋下了隐患。2、当今社会，客来敬茶已经成为人们日常社交和家庭生活中普遍的往来礼仪。俗话说：酒满茶半。上茶时应以右手端茶，从客人的右方奉上，并时带微笑。当然，喝茶的客人也要以礼还礼，双手接过，点头致谢。品茶时，讲究小口品饮，其妙趣在于意会而不可言传。另外，可适当称赞主人茶好。总之，敬茶是国人礼仪中待客的一种日常礼节，也是社会交往的一项内容，不仅是对客人、朋友的尊重，也能体现自己的修养(self-cultivation)。3、中医(TraditionalChineseMedicine)是中华文化不可分割的一部分，为振兴华夏做出了巨大的贡献。如今，中医和西医(westernmedicine)在中国的医疗保健领域并驾齐驱。中医以其独特的诊断手法、系统的治疗方式和丰富的典籍材料，备受世界瞩目。中国的中医事业由国家中医药管理局(StateAdministrationofTCMandPharmacology)负责。现在国家已经出台了管理中医的政策、法令和法规，引导并促进这个新兴产业的研究和开发。在定义上，中医是指导中国传统医药理论和实践的一种医学，它包括中医疗法、中草药(herbalogy)、针灸(acupuncture)、推拿(massage)和气功(Qigong)。4、泡腊八蒜是中国北方，尤其是华北地区的一个习俗。顾名思义，就是在阴历腊月初八的这天来泡制大蒜。其实材料非常简单，就是醋和大蒜瓣儿。做法也是极其简单，将剥了皮的蒜瓣儿放到一个可以密封的罐子、瓶子之类的容器里面，然后倒入醋，封上口放到一个冷的地方。慢慢地，泡在醋中的蒜就会变绿，最后会变得通体碧绿的，如同翡翠碧玉。老北京人家，一到腊月初八，过年的气氛一天赛过一天，华北大部分地区在腊月初八这天有用醋泡蒜的习俗。5、传统的中国婚俗被视为中国传统文化礼仪的基础。通常，婚礼是隆重场合，有很多的礼节。婚礼有八大程序，包括求婚、生辰匹配、合婚(marriagedivination)，下聘(betrothalgiftspresenting)、确定婚期、置办嫁妆(dowryurging)、迎娶新娘、举行正式的结婚仪式。在中国传统的婚礼中，新娘由新郎牵着。她头顶红盖头，全程都垂在肩上。传统的中国婚俗已经实行了几千年。它们可能会因时间和地点而异，但在中国人的生活中一直占据着重要地位，对中国人的生活方式产生着深远的影响。6、宫保鸡丁(KungPaoChicken)鸡丁、花生和红辣椒做成，是著名的传统川菜。这道菜以晚清时期的官员丁宝桢的名字命名。据说，丁宝桢很喜欢吃，尤其是“爆炒鸡丁”。丁宝桢在四川做巡抚(governor)时，他常常以爆炒鸡丁宴请宾客。为了迎合四川宾客的口味，丁宝桢改良了他最爱的“爆炒鸡丁”，加入了红辣椒。结果，辣的鸡丁比以前更美味。丁宝桢后来被授予“太子少保(PalaceGuardian)”的官衔，也就是“宫保”。为了纪念丁宝桢，人们把他最爱的这道菜命名为“宫保鸡丁”。答案:Translation1、Mandarin,theofficiallanguageofChina,issuddenlyhotinAmericanschools.WiththerapiddevelopmentofChina'seconomyinthe21thcentury,bothpublicandprivateschoolsinAmericaarescramblingtoaddMandarintotheircurriculaofforeignlanguagesorexpandingChineselanguageprogramsalreadyinplace.Bysomeestimates,asmanyas50000childrennationwidearetakingMandarininAmericanschools.TodevelopChinese-languageprogramshasmetsomedifficulties.Ashortageofprofessionallytrainedteacherswithcertificateshasmadeitdifficultforsomeschoolstojointhecompetition.Whenschoolsneedtoemployteachers,theyoftenrecruitthemfromChinadirectly,whichisahiddentroubleforcultureclash.2、Nowadays,offeringteatoguestshasbecomecommonetiquetteindailysocialinteractionandfamilylife.Asthesayinggoes,whitespirit,fullcup;tea,halfcup.Teacupshouldheheldontherighthandandofferedtoguestswithasmilefromtheirrightside.Ofcourse,theguestsshouldpayrespectaswell,takingoverthecupwithbothhandsandnoddingtoexpresshisthanks.Whentastingtea,youshoulddrinkitinsmallsips,thebeautyandfunofwhichisbeyondwords.Inaddition,youcouldpraisetheteaoftheownerappropriately.Inshort,offeringteaisadailyritualofChinesepeoplewhenreceivingguestsanditisalsopartofsocialinteraction.Itcannotonlyshowrespecttoguestsandfriends,butalsoreflectyourself-cultivation.3、TraditionalChineseMedicine(TCM)isanintegralpartofChineseculture.IthasmadegreatcontributionstotheprosperityofChina.TodaybothTCMandwesternmedicinearebeingusedinprovidingmedicalandhealthservicesinChina.TCM,withitsuniquediagnosticmethods,systematicapproach,abundanthistoricalliteratureandmaterials,hasattractedalotofattentionfromtheinternationalcommunity.InChina,TCMisundertheadministrationofStateAdministrationofTCMandPharmacology.Nationalstrategies,lawsandregulationsgoverningTCMarenowinplacetoguideandpromotetheresearchanddevelopmentinthispromisingindustry.TCMisdefinedasamedicalsciencegoverningthetheoryandpracticeoftraditionalChinesemedicine.ItincludesChinesemedication,herbalogy,acupuncture,massageandQigong.4、Labagarlicbulbsinthenorth,particularlyinNorthChina,acustom.Asthenamesuggests,attheeighthdaytimeofthetwelfthlunardaytheChinesepeopleareapttocookgarlic.Infact,thematerialisveryeasy,thatis,vinegarandgarlicpetal.Approachisextremelysimpletoo,therindedgarlicclovescanbesealedintoajar,flasksandthefavorinsidethecontainer,thenpourvinegar,sealedportintoacoldlocation.Slowly,thegarlicdrenchedinvinegarambitionturngreen,andfinallytransformentirebodygreenasemeraldjade.OldBeijinghuman,1totheeighthdaytimeofthetwelfthlunarmonth,onedayoutdotheairofChineseNewYeardayinmostpartsofnorthChinathisdaybeserviceableintheeighthdayofthetwelfthlunarmonthvinegarandgarlicbulbscustom.5、TraditionalChineseweddingcustomsareconsideredasthefoundationofritesintraditionalChineseculture.Aweddingisusuallyagrandoccasionwithsomanyformalities.Thereareeightmajorproceduresofawedding,includingproposalmaking,birthdaymatching,marriagedivination,betrothalgiftspresenting,weddingdatefixing,dowryurging,welcomingthebridetotheweddingandperformingtheformalweddingceremony.DuringthetraditionalChineseweddingceremony,thebrideisledbyhergroom.HerheadiscoveredbyaredveilwhichisMingdowntohershoulderduringthewholeperiod.TraditionalChineseweddingcustomshavebeenrunningforthousandsofyears.Theymayvaryfromplacetoplaceandfromtimetotime,buttheyhavebeenholdinganimportantpositioninthelifeofChinesepeople,havingafar-reachingimpactonChinesepeople'slifestyle.6、KungPaoChicken,madewithdicedchicken,peanutsandchilipepper,isafamoustraditionalSichuandish.ItwasnamedafterDingBaozhen,acourtofficialinthelateQingDynasty.ItissaidthatM