宾语从句、定语从句中考复习

中考总复习系列之－－宾语从句和定语从句1.Thesearethetreeswhichwereplantedlastyear.2.Lilywantedtoknowifhergrandmalikedthehandbag.3.CanyoutellmeifmanypeoplewillmovetoMars.4.ThecomputerthatIboughtyesterdaydoesn’tworknow.whichwereplantedlastyear.ifhergrandmalikedthehandbag.ifmanypeoplewillmovetoMarsthatIboughtyesterday1.Tomdidn’tknowwhetherhisgrandpalikedthepresent．2.Iamgladthatyou’vepassedtheexam.3.SheaskedtheboyifhewasgoodatEnglish.4.Canyoutellmewhoheiswaitingfor？5.Hedidn’ttellmehowoldhisfriendwas．宾语从句whetherhisgrandpalikedthethatyou’vepassedtheexam.ifhewasgoodatEnglishwhoheiswaitingforhowoldhisfriendwas一、引导宾语从句的连接词有3类：1.陈述句用:2.一般疑问句用:3.特殊疑问句用:thatif/whether连接代词who,whom,whose,what,which和连接副词when,where,why,how1.Iwonder_______heiscryingnow.A.thatB.whyC.howD.when2.Haveyoufoundout______wecandoonHainanIsland?A.whatB.howC.ifD.whether3.Lilysaid_______shehadfinishedhercomposition.A.ifB.thatC.whenD.where4.Idon’tknow______hestillliveshere.A.whereB.whatC.whenD.whetherBABD5.Theyoungmanasked_____it'ssummerorwinter.A.eitherB.thatC.weatherD.whether6.Wedon'tknow______theydidit.A.howB.whoC.whatD.which7.Theteacherasksus____Jimcancomebackontime.A.thatB.ifC.whenD.whattime8.Doesanybodyknow______wewillhaveasportsmeetingthisweekendornot.A.ifB.whereC.whetherD.thatDABCaskedasks1.与or连用Idon’tknowwhetherhewillcomeornottomorrow.2.与todo连用I’mnotsurewhethertobuyit.3.跟在介词后面I’mnotinterestedinwhetherhelikesit.只能用whether的三种情况：1.Hisbrotheraskswhenwillhegotothelibrary.2.Doyouknowwhatisshedoing?Hisbrotheraskswhenhewillgotothelibrary.Doyouknowwhatsheisdoing?二、切记宾语从句一定要用陈述句语序3.Mywatchismissing.Pleasefindoutwhotakesit.4.Hepromisedthathewillarriveontime.5.Theteachertoldusthat70percentoftheearthwascoveredwithwater.6.Couldyoushowmewhichwasthewaytothezoo?hastakenwouldisis三、宾语从句时态规定1.当主句是一般现在时、现在进行时或一般将来时时，从句根据语境可以使用任何时态。Xiaomingwantstoknowwhattimeyougotupthismorning.小明想知道今天早晨你是几点起床的。2.当主句是一般过去时时，从句的时态要和过去有关。WeaskedwhatLucywasdoingthen.我们问Lucy那时正在做什么。3.当从句表述的是客观真理或普遍规律时，宾语从句只能用一般现在时。Lisaaskedwhetherlight_____________(travel/go)fasterthansound.travels/goes4．could/would是委婉语气，而不是过去式，因此宾语从句的时态根据实际情况用不同时态。注意你能告诉我在哪出使我们的票吗？Couldyoupleasetellmewhereweshowourtickets?你能告诉我们我们应该往哪个们走？Couldyoutelluswhichgatewehavetogoto?你想知道他什么时候回来吗？Wouldyouliketoknowwhenhewillcomeback?1.Couldyoushowme________?A.howcanIgettothestationB.whereisthestationC.howIcouldgettothestationD.howIcanreachthestation2.Pleasetellme_______.A.whatdoeshelikeB.whathedoeslikeC.whathelikesD.whathelike3.Mysistertoldhim________.A.whatdaywasitB.whenthetrainarrivedC.whoshewaswaitingD.wheredidyouliveCBD4.Couldyoutellmewherewe_______nextweek.A.wouldgoB.togoC.hadtogoD.willgo5.Couldyoutellmehowmuch________toflytoHainan?A.doitcostB.doesitcostC.itcostD.itcosts6.Thesmallchildrendon'tknow______.A.whatistheirstockingsinB.whatisintheirstockingsC.whereistheirstockingsinD.whatintheirstockingsDBD7.Someoneisringingthedoorbell.Goandsee_______.A.whoisheB.whoheisC.whoisitD.whoitis8.Couldyoutellmehowlong__________?A.youhaveboughtthewatchB.youhavekeptthissciencebookC.haveyoubeenawayfromChinaD.haveyoubeenamemberofGreenerChina9.--Whatdidshesayjustnow?--Sheaskedme____________________.A.whendidIgetupeverydayB.whatwaswrongwithmycomputerC.thatIwasgoodatEnglish.D.howIgettoschooleverydayBBDDoyouknowwhatiswrongwithTom?what’sthematterwithTom?whichisthewaytothehospital?whoteachesyouPE?whoissearchingfortherobber?宾语从句典型例句根据汉语意思完成句子1．你能告诉我你来中国多久了吗？Couldyoutellme________________________________________inChina?2．你知道这本书可以借多久吗？Doyouknow___________________________________?3．你可以告诉我怎样去医院吗？Couldyoutellme___________________________?4．你能告诉我他跟你说了些什么吗？Couldyoutellme______________toyou?howlongyouhavebeenhowIcangettothehospitalhowlongthisbookcanbekeptwhathesaid1.I’mreadingabookthat/whichisaboutBillGates.2.Heisateacherwho/thatteachesusChinese.3.Thisisthemistakewhich/thatIalwaysmake.4.Whereisthepicturethatyouboughtlastweek?定语从句abookthemistakeateacherthepicture先行词关系代词关系词关系代词:that,which,who,whom,whose关系副词:when,where,why先行词是物时，用关系代词which、that(作主语或宾语),先行词是人时，用关系代词who、that(作主语或宾语).注:当关系代词在定语从句中作主语时,定语从句的谓语动词形式由先行词决定。用关系代词填空1.Theboy____________isplayingping-pongismyclassmate.2.Thee-mail___________Ireceivedyesterdaywasfrommysister.3.Thecar_____________myfatherboughtlastmonthisverybeautiful.4.I’veneverheardofthepeopleandthings________youtalkedaboutjustnow.who/thatwhich/thatwhich/thatthat关系词只能用that常见的4种情况：1.先行词同时包括人或物时，关系词用that.ThemanandhisdogthatIalwaysmeetarestandingbythegate.2.当先行词被形容词最高级或序数词修饰时ThisisthebestfilmthatIhaveeverseen.ThefirstthingthatIshoulddoistoreviewmylessons.3.当先行词有thevery,theonly,thesame等修饰时。That’stheonlythingthatIcandonow.ThisistheverybookthatIwanttoread.4.先行词为不定代词all,few,little,much,everything,nothing等时。That’sallthatIknow.IsthereanythingthatIcandoforyou?Heansweredfewquestionsthattheteacherasked.1.Sayall________youknow.2.Isthereanything______Icandoforyou?thatthat当先行词是something,anything,nothing,all等词时，关系代词只能用that.3.Thisisthefirstplay________IhaveseensinceIcamehere.4.Thisisthebestnovel_______Ihaveread.thatthat当先行词被序数词，最高级等词修饰时，关系代词只能用that.1.Thisisthejob______th