地球物理及勘探专业词汇

1Theexaminationincludesfollowingfiveparts,eachhas20scores.Questionsrelatedtostructureoftheresearchpaper;ProfessionalwordsorphrasesfromEnglishtoChinese;ProfessionalwordsorphrasesfromChinesetoEnglish;TranslationshortparagraphfromEnglishtoChinese;TranslationshortparagraphfromChinesetoEnglish.1、QuestionsrelatedtostructureoftheresearchpaperHowmanysectionsatleastarerequiredinthescientificresearchpaperingeneral?Pleasewritethetitleofeverysection.Whatarethepurposesofthe“Introduction”intheresearchpaper?Pleasespecifythemainpurposes.Whatarethefunctionsofthe“Abstract”intheresearchpaper?Pleaseexplaintheprimaryfunctions.Whatisthe“Appendix”intheresearchpaper?Pleaseindicatewhenanappendixisneeded.Howtocitereferencepaperinthetextandhowtoarrangethe“References”?Pleasegiveanexampletospecifythem.2、20wordsorphrasesfromEnglishtoChinese3、20wordsorphrasesfromChinesetoEnglishListsofProfessionalwordsorphrasesGravityAiry(Pratt)hypothesis艾里(普拉特)假说Bougueranomaly(correction)布格异常(校正)Field(Upward,Downward)continuation位场（向上，下）延拓Elevation(Topographic，terrain)correction高程(地形)改正Geoid，Geodesy大地水准面，大地测量学Gravimeter,Gradiometer重力仪,梯度仪Gravityreduction(survey,prospecting)重力改正(调查，勘探)Isostasycorrection均衡改正Torsionbalance(Worden)扭秤(沃尔登重力仪)Microgravitysurvey微重力测量MagneticAeromagneticmethod航空磁测法Alternating-fielddemagnetization交变场退磁Magneticdeclination(inclination)磁偏角(倾角)Secular(diurnal)variation长期（日）变化Geomagneticpole(reversal)地磁极(倒转)2ElectromagneticInduction电磁感应Magneticequator(meridian,moment)地磁赤道（子午线，矩）Magneticpermeability（polarization）磁导率(极化)Paleomagnetism古地磁学Magneto-telluricmethod大地磁法Audiomagneto-telluricmethod(AMT)音频大地磁法ControlledsourceAMTmethod(CSAMT)可控源音频大地磁法Airborneelectromagneticmethod(AEM)航空电磁法TransientEMmethod(TEM)瞬变电磁法LongoffsetTEM(LOTEM)长偏移距瞬变电磁法Magnetometers(magneticgradiometer)磁力仪（磁梯度仪）Globalpositioningsystem(GPS)全球定位系统InternationalGeomagneticReferenceField(IGRF)国际地磁参考场ElectricalApparentresistivity视电阻率Conductivity电导率Dielectricpolarization电介质极化Electricalprofiling(sounding)电剖面法(测深)Self(spontaneous)potentialmethod自然电位法Electromagneticmethod(EM)电磁法Inducedpolarization(IP)激发极化法(Nuclear)magneticresonance(核)磁共振pole-dipolearray单极-偶极排列Transientelectromagnetic(TEM)瞬变电磁Electricalimpedance电阻抗Telluriccurrentmethod大地电流法Equipotentiallinemethod等位线法Electrictransientmethod瞬变电法spontaneouspolarization瞬时极化ResistivityMethod电阻率法SeismicAbnormalevents异常同相轴Acousticimpedance声波阻抗Incidentangle(wave)入射角(波)Apparentvelocity视速度Staticcorrection静校正Dynamiccorrection动校正Energyattenuation能量衰减Coherentnoise相关(相干)噪声Commonmidpointgather(CMP)共中心点道集Commonsourcepointgather(CSP)共炮点道集Commonoffsetgather(stack)共偏移距道集(叠加)Reflected(refracted,converted)wave反射（折射、转换）波Criticalangle(distance)临界角(距离)3De+convolution反+褶积Elasticimpedance弹性阻抗(声阻抗)Geophone(Receiver)地震检波器(接收器)Group(interval)velocity群（层）速度Pre(Post)+stackmigration叠前（叠后）偏移Normalmoveoutcorrection正常时差校正Raypath(wavefront)射线路径（波前）Raytracing(wavefieldsimulation)射线追踪（波场模拟）Reflectioncoefficient反射系数Wide-anglereflection(refraction)广（宽）角反射（折射）Reversetimemigration逆时间偏移Root-mean-square(RMS)均方根seismic-electriceffect震电效应seismogram(seismograph)震相图(地震仪)Waveforminversion波型反演Shearingwave(stress,strain)剪切波（应力、应变）Nonzero-offset非零偏移距Time-shiftcorrection时移校正Brightspottechnology亮点技术NormalMoveoutCorrection正常时差校正Intervalvelocity层（间）速度Migrationimaging偏移成像Seismicresolution地震分辨率Hydrocarbonidentification(HCI)碳氢识别LogBorehole(well)log测井曲线(记录)Acousticlog声波测井Densitylog(densilog)密度测井Electricallog电测井microresistivitylog(microlog)微电阻率测井Neutronlog中子测井Radioactivitylog放射性测井Soniclog声波测井DataprocessingAuto(cross)correlation自（互）相关Automaticgaincontrol自动增益控制Band-passfilter带通滤波器boundary-valueproblem边值问题Initial-valueproblem初值问题Contourmap等值线图Dynamicrange动态范围Engineering(Environmental)geophysics工程(环境)地球物理学Flowchart流程图Impulseresponse脉冲响应4InverseFouriertransform傅里叶逆变换Kernelfunction核函数Least-squaresfit最小二乘法拟合Remotesensing遥感Signal-to-noiseratio信噪比Standarddeviation标准差Covariancematrix协方差矩阵Steepestdescentmethod(SD)最速下降法Algebrareconstructiontomography(ART)代数重建成像SimultaneousiterativereconstructionTomography(SIRT)同时迭代成像Conjugategradientmethod(CG)共轭梯度法Singularvaluedecompositionmethod(SVD)奇异值分解法TransientFrequency瞬时频率Parallelcomputingtechnology并行计算技术Rapidrelaxationalgorithm快速松弛算法Quasi-linearmethod准（拟）线性法Anisotropyparameters各向异性参数Inelasticattenuationfactors非弹性衰减因子SEG勘探地球物理学家联合会EAGE欧洲地质科学家和工程学家联合会Datareduction数据补偿Analyticsignal解析信号OthersGeothermalprospecting地热勘探Engineering(Environmental)geophysics工程(环境)地球物理学GroundpenetratingRadar(GPR)地质雷达Geo-technicalengineering土木工程Geologyengineering地质工程Earthquakeengineering地震工程3DAdvancedVisualSystem(AVS)三维可视化系统VirtualRealityTechnology(VR)虚拟现实技术VerticalSeismicProfiling(VSP)垂直地震剖面Seismicwhiledrilling随钻地震Sciencecitationindex(SCI)科技引文指数Engineeringindex(IE)工程引文指数Effectivemediatheory有效介质理论Cellularautomata细胞自动机Fractaltheory分形理论Chaostheory混沌理论Stochasticwavetheory随机波动理论Neutralnetwork神经网络Artificialintelligence人工智能54、TranslationshortparagraphfromEnglishtoChineseTwoshortparagraphseachfrom“ElectricalProspectingMethods”(lecture10)and“Basicprocessingstepsforexplosionseismology”(le