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对外经济贸易大学2014年翻译硕士专业学位研究生入学考试初试试题考试科目：357英语翻译基础PartITerminologyandPhraseTranslation(30points)SectionOne:TranslatethefollowingtermsrntoChinese,WriteyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET(10points,lpointeach).1.Anti-DumpingDutyOrder6.parvalue2.countertrade7.lawofdiminishingmarginalutility3.holdingcompany8.treasurybills4.workingcapital9.zerosumgame5.contingencyfund10.nichemarketSectionTwo:TranslatethefollowingtermsintoEnglish.WriteyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET(10points,1pointeach).1．即期汇票6．远期汇率2．资本流动性7．最低限价3．抵押贷款8．金融租赁公司4．指令经济9．微信5．机会成本10．雾霾SectionThree:GivethefullformsofthefollowingabbreviationsandtranslatethemintoChinese.WriteyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET(10pornts,1pointeach).l.MOOC6.ICC2.TPP7.ITC3.CAFTA8.SBA4.CFR9.UNCTAD5.GSP10.USAIDPartⅡPassageTranslatron(120points)SectionOne:TranslatethefollowingEnglishpassageintoChinese.WriteyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET(60points).Globalfinancialstabilityhasimprovedoverthepastsixmonths,bolsteredbybettermacroeconomicperformanceandcontinuedaccommodativemacroeconomicpolicies,butfragilitiesremain.Thetwo-speedrecovery-modestinadvancedeconomiesandrobustinemergingmarketeconomies-hasposeddifferentpolicychallengesforcountries.Inadvancedeconomieshithardestbythecrisis,governmentsandhouseholdsremainheavilyindebted,tovaryingdegrees,andthehealthoffinancialinstitutionshasnotrecoveredintandemwiththeoveralleconomy.Emergingmarketeconomiesarefacingnewchallengesassociatedwithstrongdomesticdemand,rapidcreditgrowth,relativelyaccommodativemacroeconomicpolicies,andlargecapitalinfl.ows.Geopoliticalriskscouldalsothreatentheeconomicandfinancialoutlook,withoilpricesincreasingsharplyamidfearsofsupplydisruptionsintheMiddleEastandNorthAfrica.Themaintaskfacingpolicymakersinadvancedeconomiesistoshiftthebalanceofpoliciesawayfromrelianceonmacroeconomicar,dliquiditysupporttomorestructuralpolicies-lessleaningandmorecleaningofthefinancialsystem.Thisvnllentailreducingleverageandrestoringmarketdiscipline,whileavoidingfinancialoreconomicdisruptionduringthetransition.Thus,ongoingpolicyeffortstowithdraw(implicit)publicguaranteesandensurebondholderliabilityforfuturelossesmustbuildonmorerapidprogresstowardstrongerbankbalancesheets,ensuringmedium-termfiscalsustainabilityandaddressingexcessivedebtburdensintheprivatesector.Forpolicymakersinemergingmarketeconomies,thetaskistolimitoverheatingandabuildupofvulnerabilities-toavoidcleaninglater.Emergingmarketeconomieshavecontinuedtobenefitfromstronggrowthrelativetothatinadvancedeconomies,accompaniedbyincreasingportfoliocapitalinflows.Thisisputtingpressureonsomefinancialmarkets,contributingtohigherleverage,potentialassetpricebubbles,andinflationarypressures.Policymakerswillhavetopayincreasingattentiontocontainingthebuildupofmacro-financialriskstoavoidfutureproblemsthatcouldinhibittheirgrowthanddamagefinancialstability.Inanumberofcases,thiswillentailatightermacroeconomicpolicystance,and,whenneeded,theuseofmacro-prudentialtoolstoensurefinancialstability.Increasingthefinancialsector'scapacitytoabsorbhigherflowsthrougheffortstobroadenanddeepenlocalcapitalmarketswillalsohelp.SectionTwo:TranslatethefollowingChinesepassageintoEnglish.WriteyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET(60points).中意两国都是拥有悠久历史和灿烂文化的文明古国。2000多年前，古罗马正处于文明鼎盛时期，中华文明也达到了历史的巅峰，一条“丝绸之路”将两大文明联结在一起。威尼斯商人马可·波罗、利玛窦、郎世宁等为中西文化交流作出贡献的意大利人，更为中国人民所熟知。过去意大利援助过中国，现在意大利希望中国企业家去那里投资。20年前单向的“丝绸之路”己不能适应现在中国发展的形势，我们需要再开放第二条“丝绸之路”。为此，意大利驻华大使馆做了许多工作，通过简化签证等程序，方便更多中国人去意大利投资、旅游。就个人爱好而言，骑自行车去月坛的邮票市场搜集邮票是我的最爱。我还喜欢中国的京剧，乐于搜集中国古老的服装及京剧服饰。我的夫人也喜欢中国的生活，认为这里很适合她。我和夫人了解中国。但我认为大多数两方人包括意大利人对中国认识不够。如果现在把北京三里屯或上海浦东照片带回意大利，没人相信这就是中国。中国的城市化也己进入快速发展期。我去过中国的部分城市，如桂林、苏州、杭州、西安、上海、天津，这些城市建设发展得都很好。桂林是世界著名的旅游胜地和历史文化名城，桂林山水是典型的喀斯特地形，且别具一格，我真正感受到了“桂林山水甲天下”的美景。“上有天堂，下有苏杭”，苏州和杭州之行也给我留下了深刻的印象。