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Theuseof“it”(2)Unit4Grammar在上一单元我们已经讲解了it在句中可以用作许多成分,在本单元我们用图表的形式进行复习整理使同学们对it的用法有系统的掌握。性质功能例句代词用作人称代词，代替上文提到的人或事物。—Whoisit?—It’sme.You'vehelpedmealot;I'llneverforgetit.性质功能例句代词用以代替指示代词this或that。—What’sthis?—It’sacomputer.—Whosebookisthat?—It'shers.性质功能例句代词表示时间、天气、距离、价钱等。It’stimeforlunch.It’sraininghard.It’stwomilesfromtheschooltoourhome.引导词作形式主语,代替由不定式、动名词或从句等表示的真正主语。Itiseasytobuyanewradio.Itisnousetellinghimthat.Itdoesn'tmatterwhethershecomesornot.引导词作形式宾语,代替由不定式、动名词或从句等表示的真正宾语。Ifeelitmydutytohelphim.Wethoughtitnousedoingthat.I’vemadeitclearthatnobodyisallowedtosmokehere.以上是我们用图表的形式对it的用法进行的归纳，相信同学们已经对it的用法有了更清晰的认识。接下来我们对it在强调句中的用法做一小结。ObjectiveTolearntheuseoftheemphatic“it”.Lookatthesesentencesinthebook.…andthatitishumanactivitythathascausedthisglobalwarmingratherthanarandombutnaturalphenomenon.ItwasascientistcalledCharlesKeeling,whomadeaccuratemeasurementsoftheamountofcarbondioxideintheatmospherefrom1957to1997.Allscientistsacceptthisdata.Theyalsoagreethatitistheburningofmoreandmorefossilfuelsthathasresultedinthisincreaseincarbondioxide.Payattentiontotheword“it”.“It”isusedforemphasis.强调句型中,为了强调句子的某一成分(通常是主语、宾语或状语),常用结构:Itis/was+被强调部分+that(who)…原句:ImetTominthestreetyesterday.①ItwasIwho(that)metTominthestreetyesterday.②ItwasTomthatImetinthestreetyesterday.③ItwasinthestreetthatImetTomyesterday.④ItwasyesterdaythatImetTominthestreet.主语宾语时间状语地点状语引导词表示强调,其结构是:Itis/was+强调部分+that+原句剩余部分。此结构只限于强调状语、主语和宾语。注意：①如果强调的是人,其后用that或who均可;②如果强调的是物、时间或地点等状语,其后只能用that不用where、when、why。引导词IsawTomhereyesterday.①ItwasIthat/whosawTomhereyesterday.②ItwasTomthat/whoIsawhereyesterday.③ItwasyesterdaythatIsawTomhere.④ItwasherethatIsawTomyesterday.引导词注意:若原句是not…until句型,在强调until部分时,要把否定形式放入被强调部分。例如:Hedidn’tleaveuntillreturned.=Itwasn’tuntilIreturnedthatheleft．强调句型若强调谓语,则用do/does/did+动词原形,常译为“的确”“一定”等,该结构只能用于陈述句或祈使句中。引导的强调句与其它从句的区别在于：Dobepatient!一定要有耐心。HedoeswanttolearnEnglishwell.他的确想学好英语。ItwasintheplacethatIwasborn.(强调句)ItwastheplacewhereIwasborn.(定语从句)易混的其它从句①强调句型中前后时态应一致;②被强调的部分为主语、宾语和状语,若把itis／was和that／who去掉,剩下的词语能重新组成正确的句子,而且不缺成分,否则就是其它从句。Itwasin1945thatWorldWarIIended.(强调句)Itwas1945whenWorldWarIIended.(状语从句)ItisalongtimesinceImetyoulast.(时间状语)Itistimethatyouwenttobed.(定语从句)1.Peterlentusthemoney.2.Theywantmoney.3.AllthishappenedonMonday.ItwasPeterwholentusthemoney.Itismoneythattheywant.ItwasonMondaythatallthishappened.根据划线部分把下列句子变成强调句。4.Ididn’thearfromheruntillastsummer.5.WhydoeseveryonethinkIamnarrow-minded?ItwasnotuntillastsummerthatIheardfromher.WhyisitthateveryonethinksIamnarrow-minded?1.Itwasnotuntil1920_____regularradiobroadcastbegan.A.whileB.whichC.thatD.since2.___isafactthatEnglishisbeingacceptedasaninternationallanguage.A.ThereB.ThisC.ThatD.It3.Itwasabout600yearsago___thefirstclockwithafaceandanhourhandwasmade.A.thatB.untilC.beforeD.when4.Ihate____whenpeopletalkwiththeirmouthsfull.A.itB.thatC.theseD.them5.Ilike____intheautumnwhentheweatherisclearandbright.A.thisB.thatC.itD.one6.Someoneisknockingatthedoor,butwhocan____be?A.oneB.heC.sheD.it7.Is_____necessarytocompletethedesignbeforeNationalDay?A.thisB.thatC.itD.he8.Does____matterifhecan’tfinishthejobontime?A.thisB.thatC.heD.it9.____worriedherabitthatherhairwasturninggrey.A.ThatB.ItC.WhatD.This10.Theyhavemade____arule____intheroom.A.this;nottosmokeB.it;smokingC.it;tonotsmokeD.it;nottosmokeReviewit的用法：代词it；引导词it。口诀：代词it本意它,既可指这又指那;时间天气均可指,谈到距离也用它;假主假宾均可作,强调句型跟that。我们如何区分it在句中的不同成分呢?1.It’sdifficulttorememberalltheirnames.2.It’sveryquietinthecafé.3.Itrainedforthreedays.4.Hemadeitclearthathedidn’twanttospeaktome.5.Itwasnicetomeetyou.形式主语,代替……CircumstanceWeather形式宾语,代替……QuizII:Discussthefollowingsentencesandtellthefunctionof“it”.形式主语,代替……6.ItwasonTuesdaythatSmithcame.7.It’sthreemilesfromheretothenearestgarage.8.Atallmanstoodupandshookhands.ItwascaptainJim.9.Ihearyouboughtanewbike.Canyoushowittome?用于强调句型中Distance人称代词，代表前面提到的人人称代词，代表前面提到的物10.Itwasfiveo’clockwhenwegotbackhomeyesterday.11.Itwasdirtyandwetbelowtheshipwheretheslaveswerekept.12.Itwasonthiscoastthatlotsofhispeopledisappeared.13.Itwasmostlikelythatonethirdofthemhadlosttheirlives.TimeCircumstance用于强调句型作引导词，在句中作形式主语，代替后面的从句1.写这本书的人就是玛丽。ItisMarywhowrotethisbook.2.这个就是长满了美丽鲜花的花园。Itisthegardenthatmanybeautifulflowersgrowin.QuizIII:Translation3.她就是擅长唱歌的女孩。Itisthegirlwhoisgoodatsinging.4.那就是他叔叔移居纽约的原因。ItwasforthisreasonthathisunclemovedtoNewYork.5.错的人是我。ItisIwhoamwrong.