搜索
JackKerouacⅠThebeatgeneration•wasagroupofAmericanpost-WorldWarⅡwriterswhocametoprominenceinthe1950s,aswellastheculturalphenomenathattheybothdocumentedandinspired.•CentralelementsofBeatcultureincludedrejectionofreceivedstandards,innovationsinstyle,experimentationwithdrugs,alternativesexualities,aninterestinEasternreligion,arejectionofmaterialism,andexplicitportrayalsofthehumancondition.•AllenGinsberg'sHowl(1956),WilliamS.Burroughs'sNakedLunch(1959)andJackKerouac'sOntheRoad(1957)areamongthebestknownexamplesofBeatliterature.ⅡIntroductiontotheauthor1.Life•anAmericannovelistandpoet•aliteraryiconoclastandapioneeroftheBeatGeneration•wasborninLowell,Massachusetts,toFrench-Canadianparents•wasprofoundlyaffectedbythedeathofhisnine-year-oldbrotherattheageof•enteredColumbiaUniversity•Afterdroppingoutoftheuniversity,hemetthepeople,theso-calledBeatGeneration•joinedtheUnitedStatesMerchantMarinein1942,andin1943joinedtheUnitedStatesNavy•wasarrestedasamaterialwitnessin1944•movedtoNewYorkandwrotehisfirstpublishednovel,theTownandtheCityandbeganOntheRoad2.Hisworks•TheTownandtheCity《小城镇与大都会》•OntheRoad《在路上》•TheDharmaBums《流浪的达摩》•DoctorSax《萨克斯医生》•Tristessa《地下室居民》•DesolationAngels《麦琪·卡西迪》ⅢOntheRoad1.Briefintroduction•basedonthetravelsofKerouacandhisfriendsacrossAmerica•consideredadefiningworkofthepostwarBeatGenerationwithitsprotagonistslivinglifeagainstabackdropofjazz,poetry,anddruguse2.Plotsummary•SalParadise,ayoungandinnocentwriter,andDeanMoriarty,acrazyyouth“tremendouslyexcitedwithlife”racingaroundAmerica,andtestingthelimitsoftheAmericanDream.Theirjourneysconsistofscenesofruralwilderness,sleepysmalltowns,urbanjungles,endlessdesertsalllinkedbytheroad,theoutletofageneration‘sdesireandinnerneedtogetout,breakitsconfinement(限制),andfindfreedom,liberatedfromanyhigherbelief,notion,orideology(意识形态),searchingfortheirpersonalfreedom,andfindingpleasureinsex,drugs,andjazz.•小说主人公萨尔与狄安、玛丽露等几个年轻男女沿途搭便车或开车，多次横穿美国，到达墨西哥。一路上他们狂欢式的饮酒，吸大麻，探讨东方禅宗。夜宿村落，与女人调情，他们从纽约游荡到旧金山，最后分散。•FriendshipSal'sandDean'sfriendshipthroughoutthenovelreflectsthebuddythemesfoundinmuchclassicandpopculture.Theyaretwomensharingtravelexperiences.3.Majorthemes•RejectionofAuthorityThelifethatSalandDeanwanttoliveisonethatrejectsallnotionsofauthorityandrule.•TheAmericanWestTheAmericanWesthaslongbeenapartofAmericanliteratureandfolklore.GoingWesttoexploreandtoseethecountryretainsitscharm;mostoftheWestremainsmuchwilderthantheEast.•TheNaturalManDean'smotivationsandpassions,oftenfoolishandcriminaltotherestoftheworld,representforDeanthetrueexpressionofwhatitmeanstobeyoungandwhatitmeanstobeanaturalman.•ConflictsBetweenMaleandFemaleDesiresForSalandDean,thewomenrepresentaforcepushingagainsttheirhopeforfreedom.Attheendofthemen'sjourneys,womenaretheretofeedandshelterthesemen,buttheyarenevermeanttoactuallyparticipateinthemen'sjourneys.