选修8-Unit-5-Meeting-your-ancestors知识点

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共112页1选修8Unit5Meetingyourancestors共112页2Ⅰ.词汇短语过关1.alternativen.可能的选择;adj.供选择的;其他的analternativeto...……的替代品alternativeenergy可替代能源havenoalternativebuttodosth.除了做某事别无选择=havenochoicebuttodosth.=havenothingtodobutdo…共112页3e.g.除了放弃那个计划,我别无选择。Ihavenoalternativebuttogiveuptheplan.=Ihavenochoicebuttogiveuptheplan.=Ihavenothingtodobutgiveuptheplan.共112页4[即学即练](1)Haveyougotan_____________suggestion?你有没有其他的建议?(2)Wehave___________________________________.除了继续下去,我们没有选择的余地。alternativenoalternativebuttogoon共112页52.interruptvi.打岔=cutin插嘴,打断vt.暂时中断或中止interruptsb.打断某人的讲话或正在做的事disturbsb.打扰某人interruptionn.中断,打断withoutinterruption不间断地共112页6[即学即练](1)Don’t_____________mewhileI’mbusy.我正忙着,不要打搅我。(2)Trafficinthecity__________________asnowstorm.市内交通被暴风雪所阻断。interruptwasinterruptedby共112页73.assumev.假定;设想assumptionn.假定,假设assumesb./sth.tobe假定某人/某事为……sb.assumethat-clause某人认为……Itisassumedthat…人们认为…assumingthat...=suppose/supposingthat假设……共112页8[即学即练](1)You__________hisinnocencebeforehearingtheevidenceagainsthim.=You__________him_________innocentbeforehearingtheevidenceagainsthim.=You____________heisinnocentbeforehearingtheevidenceagainsthim.在听到对他不利的证言前,你假定他是无罪的。assumeassumetobeassumethat共112页9(2)___________/____________/_____________(that)itrains,whatshallwedo?假如下雨的话,我们怎么办?AssumingSupposeSupposing共112页104.somehowadv.用某种方法,不知怎么地,不知为什么somehowadv.在句中做状语修饰动词,位置比较灵活somewhat稍微,有点anyhow无论如何anyway无论如何;不管怎样;用任何方式共112页11[即学即练](1)___________hewasafraidofher.不知为什么,他怕她。(2)Don’tworry,we’llgetthemoneyback____________.别担心,我们总会把那些钱拿回来的。Somehowsomehow共112页12(3)Iwas______________surprised.我有点儿吃惊。(4)Itmayrain,butweshallgo____________.可能要下雨,不过我们照走不误。somewhatanyway共112页135.arrestn.逮捕;拘留vt.逮捕;吸引arrestsb.for因……而逮捕某人getarrested遭逮捕arrestone’sattention引起注意[即学即练](1)Embry__________________stealingcars.恩布里因为偷车而被捕了。wasarrestedfor共112页146.regardlessof不管;不顾inspiteof尽管;不管=despite不管;尽管inregardto/of...关于withregardto关于regardingprep.关于共112页15提示:regardlessof,inspiteof和despite是介词短语,后跟名词。[即学即练](1)Theydecoratedthehouse____________thehighcost.他们不惜高额的费用装修房子。(2)Theycontinuedtowork______________thefactthatitwasraining.尽管天在下雨,他们还继续工作。regardlessofregardlessof共112页167.atmost至多at(the)most至多,不超过at(the)least至少,不低于;无论如何mostofall尤其,特别makethemostof(=makefulluseof)充分利用notintheleast(=notatall)一点也不共112页17[即学即练](1)Icanpayyou10pounds_______________.我最多付给你10英镑。(2)Therewereonly30peopleatthemeeting____________.最多只有30个人参加了那个会议。(3)Itwillcost____________£150.这至少价值150英镑。at(the)mostat(the)mostatleast共112页188.cutup切碎;割碎cutdown砍掉,砍倒;缩减,减少,削减cutthrough剪断,凿穿;抄近路穿过cutout剪下,切掉,割掉;删除;住口cutin插嘴,插入;打断(谈话)cutoff切掉;割掉;剪下,删去;切断,断绝;使分离,使隔绝;打断,(突然)中止,中断cutaway去掉;切掉;砍掉共112页19[即学即练](1)①____________thecarrotsbeforeyouputthemintothepot.把胡萝卜切碎后再放进锅内。②Thecook____________themeatforthepie.这厨师将肉切碎做肉饼。Cutupcutup共112页20(2)用适当的介、副词填空①Youwon’tbecutting______theofficestaff,then?②Thegashasbeencut______.③Johnandhisbrotherwerearguingsotheirmothertoldthemtocutit______andgotobed.④Mr.Daviscut______toaskifanyonewouldlikeadrink.⑤Hecut______theoldbranchesfromthetree.downoffoutinaway共112页219.lookahead向前看;为将来打算lookback回顾;回想lookafter照顾,照料lookup仰视,查阅lookuptosb.尊敬某人lookdownon/uponsb.轻视;瞧不起lookintosth.调查lookover浏览检查,察看lookthrough翻阅,查找共112页22[即学即练](1)Just___________andyou’llseeatower.只要向前望去,你就可以看到一座塔。(2)Itisbetterto____________andgetpreparedthanto____________andregret.宁可展望未来做好准备也不要回顾过去来懊悔。(3)Wemust___________beforewemakeadecision.我们作出决定之前必须想得远一点。lookaheadlookaheadlookbacklookahead共112页2310.datebackto追溯到;上溯到datebackto=datefrom因追溯是从现在算起指向过去,所以这个短语常用一般现在时,也没有被动语态。共112页24[即学即练](1)Thiscustom__________________the16thcentury.这风俗起源于16世纪。(2)Thisisanoldbuilding_________________the16thcentury.这是一栋追溯至16世纪的古老建筑物。(3)Thistown__________________Romantimes.这个城镇可追溯到罗马时代。datesbacktodatingbacktodatesbackto共112页2511.significancen.意义;重要性significantadj.重要的;有意义的beofgreat/no/littlesignificance非常重要的/不重要的/不太重要的“be+of+抽象名词”结构=“be+adj.”(这些名词前可用great,some,no,little等词修饰)共112页26beofimportance=beimportant重要的beofhelp=behelpful有帮助的beofuse=beuseful有用的beofvalue=bevaluable有价值的beofbenefit=bebeneficial有益的;有好处的共112页27[即学即练](1)Fewpeoplerealizedthe__________ofthediscovery.很少的人意识到这项发现的意义。(2)Thisnewdiscoveryofoil__________________________tothisarea’seconomy.这个油的新发现对于这个地区的经济是非常重要的。significanceisofgreatsignificance共112页2812.reliefn.减轻或解除IfeltgreatreliefwhenIheardIhadpassedtheexamination.toone’srelief令…放心的是,令…感到宽慰的是Muchtohisrelief,finallyhislostsonwasfoundbythepolice.toone’ssurprisetoone’sdelight共112页29Ⅱ.重点句型详解1.ItisagreatpleasuretomeetyoustudentsfromEngland...我很高兴遇见你们这些来自英国的学生……pleasure本来是抽象名词,在此句中具体化,意思是“乐事;快事”。共112页30①It’sapleasuretomeetyou.认识你是十分高兴的事。②Shehasfewpleasuresleftinlife.她生活中已没有什么乐趣了。拓展:抽象名词的具体化是高考的常考点之一,现总结如下:表示具有某种特性、状态、特点、情感、情绪的人或事,且表示变化了的词义时,这类抽象名词由于已具体化,故可变为可数名词。如:共112页31apleasure乐事asuccess成功的人或事asurprise奇异的事afailure失败的人或事apity可惜的事amust必要的事aworry令人担忧的事awonder奇迹agreathelp有帮助的人或事ayouth年轻人adanger危险的人或物abeauty美人共112页32[即境活用1]Sheis______success,______womanassheis.A./;/B.a;aC./;aD.a;/答案:D解析:考查冠词。第一空填a,表示“一位成功人士”;第二空as引导让步状语从句时,句子需倒装且名词前不填冠词。共112页332.Wehave_been_excavatinglayersofashalmos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