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软件工程论文二零一三年六月姓名：李志萍学号：2010091109院系：信息技术工程学院专业：计算机科学与技术指导教师：贾纳豫申请学位：工学学士摘要软件工程是应用计算机科学、数学及管理科学等原理开发软件的工程。其教育培养目标是让受教育者了解和掌握软件开发中的方法学和工程学知识，并应用于实践。这一目标在现阶段体现了国际化、多元化、本地化和工程化的特点。软件行业深切感到这四方面人才培养的迫切性。随着计算机应用的深入，对计算机软件需求量越来越大，对软件的功能性，易使用性，可靠性等要求越来越高。为了在有限的资金、资源和时间条件下开发满足客户要求的高质量软件，就需要研究与软件开发和管理相关的模型、方法、技术、过程、工具和环境等，这就是软件工程研究的主要内容。通过学习软件工程概述、可行性分析、软件需求分析、软件外部设计——交互设计、软件内部设计、面向对象软件工程基础、统一建模语言、软件编码与实现、软件测试、软件维护、软件复用和构件技术、软件项目计划与管理、软件工程环境、软件工程课程设计等内容，进一步熟悉现代软件工程学，并积累丰富的项目经验。关键词：软件工程概述，可行性分析，需求分析，软件设计，面向对象软件工程基础，软件测试与维护AbstractSoftwareengineeringistheapplicationofcomputerscience,mathematics,managementscience,principleofdevelopmentofsoftwareengineering,etc.Theeducationtraininggoalistogeteducatedtounderstandandmasterknowledgeinsoftwaredevelopmentmethodologyandengineering,andappliedtopractice.Thegoalatthisstagereflectstheinternationalizationanddiversification,localization,andthecharacteristicsofengineering.Softwareindustryisdeeplyfelttheurgencyofthesefouraspectsoftalentstraining.Withthedeepeningofcomputerapplications,agrowingdemandforcomputersoftware,thesoftwarefunctionality,usability,reliabilityandsoondemandmoreandmorehigh.Toundertheconditionoflimitedfunds,resourcesandtimedevelopmenttomeetcustomerrequirementsofhighqualitysoftware,youneedtoresearchrelatedtosoftwaredevelopmentandmanagementmodel,method,technology,process,toolsandenvironment,etc.,thisisthemaincontentofthesoftwareengineeringresearch.Throughlearningsummaryofsoftwareengineering,feasibilityanalysis,softwarerequirementanalysis,softwareexternaldesign,interactiondesign,interiordesign,object-orientedsoftwareengineeringfoundation,unifiedmodelinglanguage(uml),softwarecodingandimplementation,softwaretesting,softwaremaintenance,softwarereuseandcomponenttechnology,softwareengineering,softwareprojectplanningandmanagementenvironment,thecontentsuchassoftwareengineeringcurriculumdesign,furtherfamiliarwithmodernsoftwareengineering,andaccumulatedrichexperienceinproject.Keywords:Summaryofsoftwareengineering,feasibilityanalysis,requirementanalysis,softwaredesign,objectorientedsoftwareengineering,softwaretestingandmaintenance目录1引言...............................................................................................................................................41.1软件与软件危机.................................................................................................................41.1.1软件的定义、特点种类及发展..............................................................................41.1.2软件危机..................................................................................................................51.2软件工程的概念.................................................................................................................61.2.1软件工程的定义......................................................................................................61.2.2软件工程的研究内容..............................................................................................61.2.3软件工程的目标......................................................................................................61.2.4软件工程的基本原理..............................................................................................61.3软件的开发方法.................................................................................................................61.4软件的生存周期.................................................................................................................61.4.1按照传统软件生存周期方法学，软件生存周期可分为：..................................71.5软件生存周期模型.............................................................................................................71.6软件工程的基本原理.........................................................................................................72可行性分析....................................................................................................................................72.1可行性研究的任务.............................................................................................................72.2可行性研究的具体步骤.....................................................................................................73软件需求分析................................................................................................................................83.1软件需求分析的基本概念.................................................................................................83.1.1需求分析的任务......................................................................................................83.1.2需求分析的过程......................................................................................................83.1.3需求分析的困难......................................................................................................83.2需求分析的方法.................................................................................................................84软件外部设计——交互设计........................................................................................................95软件的内部设计..........................................................................