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r老师寄语：Allthingsintheirbeingaregoodforsomething.1第1页共2页语态一、总述:（表示主语和谓语动词之间的关系）主动语态：表示主语是动作的执行者。被动语态：表示主语是动作的承受者。如：ManystudentsstudyEnglish.(主动语态)Englishisstudiedbymanystudents.(被动语态)二、被动语态的用法（1）当不知道或没有必要指出谁是动作的执行者时Suchbooksarewrittenforchildren.这些书是为儿童写的。（2）强调动作的承受者，这时应用by短语。ThecupwasbrokenbyDavid.（3）作客观说明时，常采用一种被动语态句型.It’ssaid/reported/+that…据说/据报道It’sreportedthatitwillraintomorrow.据报道，明天会下雨。Ⅰ.一般现在时的被动语态结构：is/are+过去分词CarsaremadeinChina.Thedeskmadeofwood.这张桌子是木质的。Englishisinourschool.我们学校学英语。如何由主动语态变成被动语态呢？Englishisstudiedbymanystudents.Shoesaremadebytheminthatfactory.注意1.将主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语。2.将主动语态的谓语动词由主动变为被动3.将主动语态的主语变为被动语态中介词by的宾语放在谓动词之后运用一下吧！TheyplayfootballonSunday._________________________________Lucydoesthehomeworkintheevening.._________________________________Theyoftenusecomputersinclass._________________________________.WemakethesemachinesinBeijing._________________________________Ⅱ.一般过去时的被动语态结构：was/were+过去分词1.Theyboughtacomputerlastterm．Acomputerwasboughtbythemlastterm.2.Weplantedmanytreeslastyear.Manytreeswereplantedlastyear.运用一下吧！Theybuiltthetallbuildinglastyear._________________________________Hetookgoodcareofhislittlebrotheryesterday._________________________________Wecleanedourclassroomjustnow._________________________________Theyusedtheroomsforresting._________________________________Ⅲ.一般将来时的被动语态结构：begoingtobe/willbe+过去分词1.Theywillfinishtheworkintendays.Theworkwillbefinishedbythemintendays.2.Tomisgoingtocleantheroomtomorrow.TheroomisgoingtobecleanedbyTomtomorrow.运用一下吧！Wewillheldasportsmeetingnextweek.____________________________Childrenwilltakesomephotosintheschoolyardtomorrow.________________________Ⅳ.含有情态动词被动语态结构can/may/must/should+be+过去分词1.AmycantakegoodcareofGina．GinacanbetakengoodcareofbyAmy.2.Youshoulddrinkmorewater.Morewatershouldbedrunkbyyou.运用一下吧！1.Hecantakecareofthebaby._________________________________2.Lucymaydrawthepictures._________________________________Ⅴ.现在进行时的被动语态的结构is/am/are+being＋过去分词1.Someworkersarepaintingtheroomsnow．Theroomsarebeingpaintedbysomeworkersnow.HeiswatchingTV.TV__________________byhim.Ⅵ.现在完成时的被动语态的结构have/has＋been＋过去分词1.Wehavemadeakey．Akey_________________byus.Wehavefinishedourcompositions.Ourcompositions__________________byus.三、小结Thepassivevoice被动语态Ⅰ、英语中动词有主动语态和被动语态两种语态.主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者,被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者,在被动语态中动作的执行者有时用by短语表示出来.被动语态的构成:助动词be+(及物动词的)过去分词am(is,are)+done一般现在时was(were)+done一般过去时一般将来时shall/will+be+done过去将来时would/should+be+done现在进行时am/is/are+being+done过去进行时was/were+being+done现在完成时have/has+been+done过去完成时had+been+doner老师寄语：Allthingsintheirbeingaregoodforsomething.2第2页共2页Ⅱ、被动语态的几种类型1.带双宾语句子的被动语态一般把间接宾语变为被动语态的主语，则另一个不动。如把直接宾语变为被动语态的主语则需在间宾前加for或to。注to:pass,give,show,bringfor:make,buy,draw如：①Hegavemeabook.－Iwasgivenabookbyhim.－AbookwasgiventomebyTom.②Iboughthimabook.－Hewasboughtabookbyme.－Abookwasboughtforhimbyme.2.含有短语的主动语态变被动语态-----Mychildistakengoodcareof.Iturnedofftheradio.---Theradio______________________(byme).3.在主动语态中省去to在变为被动语态时应补出来即hear,watch,see,make,let,这些词在变被动句时必须加to.______________playbasketballlastSunday._________workfor10hours.4.主动结构表被动含义★★★1）looksmellsoundfeeltaste等作连系动词用时，主动形式表被动意义。Eg.棉花摸起来很柔软Cotton______________soft.这老妇人看起来焦急。Theoldwoman_____________worried.2)writereadsellwashopenlock等常和表示行为方式的状语连用表达效果和程度时常用主动表被动。Eg.Thispen_______well.这笔很好用。Thisbook_________.这书很畅销3)动词needwantrequire（需要）等接动名词作宾语构成主动结构表被动含义Eg他的鞋需要修理。Hisshoes.填空（完成被动语态填空）1.Theyoftencleantheirclassroomafterschool.（改为被动语态）Theirclassroom_____often_____bythemafterschool.2.LiLeigaveTomanewpenlastweek.（同上）Anewpen_________________Tomlastweek.3.AlotofpeopleinChinacanspeakEnglishnow.（同上）English________________byalotofpeopleinChinanow.4.IhavelearnedEnglishforabouttwoyears.（同上）English____________forabouttwoyears.5.Theywillreadthesestory-booksnextmonth.（同上）Thesestory-books____________nextmonth.选择6.－Doyouliketheskirt?－It____soft.A.isfeelingB.feltC.feelsD.isfelt7.Areyoustillhere?Youwerehereanhourago.Who________for?A.areyouwaitingB.didyouwaitC.wereyouwaitingD.doyouwait8.___toknowProfessorZhang.A.HesaidB.IsaidC.HeissaidD.Itsays9.－Iwanttositatthetablenearthewindow.－Sorry,______already.A.ittookB.ittakesC.itistakingD.ithasbeentaken10.Theletter_______threedaysagoandit_____yesterday.A.hadpost,hadarrivedB.wasposted,arrivedC.posted,arrivedD.hadbeenposted,wasarrived11.Hetoldmethatthefinalexamination_______nextThursday.A.isgivenB.willbegivenC.wouldhavegivenD.wouldbegiven12.Water____intoice.A.willchangedB.mustbechangedC.shouldchangeD.canbechanged13.Thebirds_____flyawaylastSaturday.A.lettoB.islettoC.wasletD.wereletto14.Astrangesound___yesterdayevening.A.washeardB.hearsC.heardD.isheard15.Abeautifulbike____himbyhisclassmates.A.senttoB.willsenttoC.wassenttoD.willbesentfor16.MissChen______just______tospeakatthemeeting.A.has…beenaskedB.hasbeen…askedC.Havebeen…askedD.have…beenasked17.Meat_______outinthisshop.Wecan____now.A.havebeensold,getnothingB.hasbeensold,getnothingC.hasbeensold,getsomeD.havebeensold,getsome18.Thenewplay_______intheatrenow.Whydon’tyougoinandseeit?A.isbeingshownB.isshowingC.isshownD.shows1