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3:(KJ2009B111Z)3(241000)(SEM)(JMVN),(maximumlikelihood,ML),2,,,;TLICFI1,JMVN,,0,I,,,,ADF/WLS,Scaled2Robust,Bootstrapping,,,MplusCVM(categoricalvariablesmodel,),ADF,(itemparceling),,:2z;,2;,,1,,SEM,:;2;Bootstrap231.Browneps(asymptoticdistributionfree,ADF),,ADF20CFA,210210,44100,1000,ADF,,Muthn(1993):ADF,ADF2.Scaled2RobustML2SatorraBentler(1988)(Scaled2),2,,2EQSml,robustCurran(1996)(200500)2Mplusmlm2(ro2buststandarderrors)mlmv,2(meanandvarianceadjustedchi2squarestatistic)Fouladi(1998)ML2Scaled2,3,3.,,BootstrapsamplesBootstrap,4SEMBootstrap:Bollen2Stine(biascorrection)(per2centile2correction)FouladiBollen2Stinescaling2,Bollen2Stine,48201022712,SEM,,Boot2strapping,,,,1Bollen2StineBootstrapSEM,Bollen2StineSEM,H0:5Z:Z=(Y- Y)S-1/2^1/2(YNp,S,^H0)ZBollen2Stinep,,Bollen2Stine2,2JMVN,,2(df),,,df=20,220,ML2,302,JMVN2=20,27,230227,20,PBootstrap2ML2Bootstrap2,,N,,22;2ML2:2,2,26Bollen2StineBootstrapAMOS:,Bollen2StineP,Bootstrap406,,392,(1)11.(skewness)(kurtosis)(multivariatekurtosis),,,,10,20(criticalratto,CR)1196,,AMOS,:View,A2nalysisProperties,Output,TestsfornormalityandoutliersStandardizedestimatesSquaredmultiplecorrelations;AnalysisCalculateEstimates;ViewTextOutput,Normality,(multivariate),(1)1VariableminmaxskewCRkurtosisCRYR18.2-5.248-42.42251.002206.122ECO4231.0838.7540.7262.932SS7510.4773.854-0.739-2.987HS4450.7005.655-0.785-3.174CS8250.2712.1900.4691.895QOL9470.4553.680-0.525-2.121Multivariate92.71993.6793:=YR,=ECO,=SS,=HS,=CS,=QOL;=min,=max,=skew,=kurtosis,=CR,=Multivariate58ChineseJournalofHealthStatistics,Feb2010,Vol.27,No.12.Bollen2StinePBol2len2StinePMLPBollen2Stine,View/SetAnalysisProperties,Bootstrap,PerformBootstrap,NumberofBootstrapsamplesBoot2strap,2000(Bootstrap2502000),Bollen2Stinebootstrap,,Bollen2stineP01137,ML:2=101416,df=3,P=01015,Bollen2StineBootstrapML22000Bootstrap22000251618(22,P=01137)31Bootstrap,,AMOSBollen2StinePBootstrap,,A2nalysisProperties,BootstrapBollen2StineBootstrap,PercentileconfidenceintervalsBias2correctedconfidenceintervalsNumberofBootstrap,250,250BootstrapNevittandHancock7P,,2000,:,ML(2)(3)2PSSYR-01741,01247,-01741/01247=-21998,P0105,P=0100301053Bootstrap:bootstrap(SE),(SE2SE),Bootstrap(mean),MLBootstrap(bias),Boot2strapML,(SE2bias)MeanSESSYRBootstrap,-11616(-01711/0144),P0105MLBollen2StineBootstrap,Bootstrap62MLEstimateSECRPSS--YR-0174101247-2199801003SS--ECO2719082116912186733ECO--HS3518292171513119633SS--HS8310626115713149133YR--HS-1144101309-4166933ECO--YR-0170301115-610973333P010013BootstrapParameterSESE2SEMeanBiasSE2BiasSS--YR0144001007-017110103001010SS--ECO1196101031271766-0114201044ECO--HS2173401043351683-0114601061SS--HS4170101074821772-0129001105YR--HS0138301006-114120102901009ECO--YR0112701002-0169501009010033P,percentile2correctedbias2correctedPCConfidenceBCConfidenceP(4)Moony&DuvalBootstrap8,:,P,90%95%,,PCBCP,BootstrapR2,ML,Bootstrap2ping4BootstrapPParameterBCConfidenceEstimateLowerUpperPPCConfidenceEstimateLowerUpperPSS--YR-01886-11354-0134401015-01886-11339-0133001017SS--ECO2719082419853113070100127190824169330192301001ECO--HS3518293118004015220100135182931143139194401001SS--HS8310627518279019030100183106275133990139201001YR--HS-11539-21097-1107601000-11539-21023-0198401001ECO--YR-01711-01968-0153901000-01711-01922-01507010013:90%16820102271AMOSBootstrap,:,AMOS,406,392,315%Roth5%,(listwisedatadeletion);5%,,,NevittHancockSEM200,Bootstrap,1100,1100,Bootstrap,Bootstrapped91..AMOS.:,2007:3382345.2.CurranPJ,WestSG,FinchJF.Therobustnessofteststatisticstononnor2malityandspecificationerrorinconfirmatoryfactoranalysis.Psychologi2calMethods,1996,1(1):16229.3.FouladiRT.Covariancestructureanalysistechniquesunderconditionsofmultivariatenormalityandnonnormality2Modifiedandbootstrapteststatistics.PaperpresentedattheAmericanEducationalResearchAssocia2tionAnnualMeeting,SanDiego,CA,1998.4.,,,.Bootstrap.,2006,23(6):5422544.5.EndersCK.ApplyingtheBollen2Stinebootstrapforgoodness2of2fitmeasurestostructuralequationmodelswithmissingdata.MultivariateBehavioralResearch,2002,37(3):3592377.6.BollenKA,StineR.Bootstrappinggoodnessoffitmeasuresinstructuralequationmodels.SociologicalMethodsandResearch,1992,21(2):2052229.7.NevittJ,HancockGR.Relativeperformanceofrescalingandresamplingapproachestomodelchi2squareandparameterstandarderrorestimationinstructuralequationmodeling.PaperpresentedattheAmericanEduca2tionalResearchAssociationAnnualMeeting,SanDiego,CA,1998.8.MooneyCZ,DuvalRD.Bootstrapping:Anonparametricapproachtosta2tisticalinference.NewburyPark,CA:SagePublications,1993.9.HancockGR,NevittJ.Bootstrappingandtheidentificationofexogenouslatentvariableswithinstructuralequationmodels.StructuralEquationModeling,1999,6(4):3942399.(83)Cohen5,:XYrxyZYrzy,:t=(rxy-rzy)(n-1)(1+rxy)2(n-1)n-3|R|+(rxy+rzy2)2(1-rxz)3,v=n-3(3)|R|=1-r2xy-r2zy-r2xz+2rxyrzyrxz10115,(3),t=-1138,P=0118=0105,H0,SGRQSGRQ,,,,1.,,.StGeorges.,2003,26:1952198.2.,,..,2003,26:8112812.3.FisherRA.Statisticalmethodsforresearchworkers.fourteenthedition.davien,CT:HafnerPublishingCompany,1970.4.Snedecor,Co