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Unit3Inventorsandinventions词汇讲解高二英语组聂海霞callup给……打电话;使想起例句：•Icalledupmymothertoaskifshewantedtolivewithusinthecity.•Hisaunt’sletterscallhimupthosebeautifuldayswhentheyusedtolivetogetherinhishometown.=ringup,call,phone=remind…ofcourtyardn.院子；庭院；天井courtn.法庭；球场;法院；朝廷yard小院，院子,码（长度单位，1码=3英尺）atennis/basketballcourt网球场/篮球场nowandthen偶尔；有时(sometimes，butnotoften)表示“有时、偶尔”的词语有：(every)nowandagain,fromtimetotime,alittlenowandalittlethendistinguishvt.&vi.显出…的差别；使……有所不同；辨别拓展：distinguishedadj.卓越的；杰出的distinctionn．区别,差别短语：•distinguishbetween...and.../distinguish...from...区分/辨别……和……•distinguish…from…使…有别于…1．完成句子(1)Youshouldlearnto____________________________(明辨是非)．(2)Thetwinsaresoalikethat__________________(没有人能分辨得出哪个是哪个)．(3)是什么使Marry有别于她的同学们呢？__________________________________答案：(1)distinguishbetweenrightandwrong(2)noonecandistinguishonefromtheother(3)whatwasitthatdistinguishedMarryfromherclassmates?mercifuladj.宽大的；仁慈的拓展：mercyn．仁慈，宽容merciless无情的短语：•showmercytosb./havemercyonsb.对某人仁慈•bemercifulto对某人仁慈•shownomercytosb.对某人无情•atthemercyof任由……摆布，在……掌握中例句：1.Theyaskedhimtobemercifultotheprisoners.2.Theywerelostatseaatthemercyofwindandweather.setabout开始；着手(about介词，其后接n.或v-ing)同义短语：•setouttodosth.•getdownto(to是介词)stainlessadj.无锈的；不锈的；没有污点的拓展：stainn.污点、污迹短语：stainlesssteel不锈钢cuben.立方体；立方theWaterCube水立方theBirdNest鸟巢abruptadj.突然的；意外的abruptlyadv.突然地；唐突地同义词：sudden,suddenly1.Thetraincametoanabruptstop,makingmanypassengersfallofftheirseats.火车突然停下来，使许多乘客都从座位上摔了下来。2.Idon’tknowthecauseofhisabruptleave.我不知道他突然离去的原因。convenientadj.方便的；适宜的；合适的；在近处的；近便的拓展：conveniencen．方便，便利convenientlyadv.方便地inconvenient不方便的短语：•Itisconvenient(forsb.)todosth.(某人)干某事是方便的•sth.isconvenient(forsb.)某事(对某人来说)是方便的•atone'sconvenience在某人方便时【提示】convenient主语不能是人。例如：“如果你方便的话”英语应表达为：ifitisconvenientto/foryou，而不应表达为：ifyouareconvenient。练一练：1.你方便的话,我们就8:30在学校大门口集合。,let'smeetat8:30outsidetheschoolgate.2.用信用卡付款非常方便。paybycreditcard.3.Inthiscity,youcanenjoyallthecomfortand___________ofmoderntourismandmanyhotelsare___________situatedclosetothebeach.(convenient)ItisveryconvenienttoIfitisconvenienttoyouconvenienceconvenientlycautionn．小心；谨慎；警告拓展：cautiousadj.小心的；谨慎的cautiouslyadv.小心地；谨慎地短语：①withcaution小心地；谨慎地②becautiousof/about...对……很小心/谨慎练一练：1._____________________________爸爸开车一直十分小心。2.Shelooked_________(caution)aroundandthenwalkedawayfromthehouse.Dadalwaysdriveswithcaution.cautiouslyexpectationn．预料；期待；期望短语：liveuptoone'sexpectations不辜负某人的期望inexpectation在预料之中beyond/outofexpectation出乎意料练一练Unluckily,everythinghasgonebeyondtheir____________(expect).Theevent___________________________.这项比赛有负重望。expectationsdidn’tliveuptoexpectationspassiveadj.被动的；消极的；被动语态的反义词：active主动的，积极的thepassivevoice被动语态theactivevoice主动语态merryadj.愉快的；高兴的merrilyadv.高兴地；愉快地merry近义词：happy,cheerfulmerrily近义词：happily例：TheysanganddancedmerrilyandhadamerryChristmas.他们高兴地又唱又跳，度过了一个快乐的圣诞节。注意：拼写要和marry区分开哦!!!seizevt.抓住；捉住；夺短语：•seizeachance/anopportunity抓住机会/时机•seizesb.bythearm抓住某人的手臂【提示】表示“抓住/打在某人的某个部位”时常用：seize/hitsb.on/in/bythe＋身体部位validadj.有效的；确凿的反义词：invalidvalid,effective辨析：valid强调有效期例句：theticketisvalidforthreedays.effective强调有效果例句：thismedicineisquiteeffective.Iammuchbetter.filen.文件；档案；文件夹vt.提交；将……归档例句：1.Onthetablewereadozenfiles.2.Thecontract,whensigned,isfiled.合同签字后要存档。ripeadj.熟的；成熟的英文释义:（offruitorcrops）fullygrownandreadytobeeatenmature:(ofachildoryoungperson)behavinginasensibleway,likeanadult(人)成熟的stringn.线；绳子；一串string,rope,thread辨析：rope:指用于捆绑大物件的粗壮、坚固的绳子thread:指用于缝纫、纺织的细线string:①用于捆绑小物件的细绳或细带子②弦violinstring小提琴的弦heartstring心弦touchsb’sheartstringstrikesb’sheartstring俚语：withnostringsattached1.I'llworkmytailofftohelpyou,nostingsattached.2.Theyofferfinancialaidwithnostringsattached.3.Igotaloanof￡3000withnostringsattached.无附加条件，无附带限制，不求回报”freezingadj.冰冻的；严寒的n．冰点拓展：freezev．(使)结冰；(使)凝固frozenadj.冻结的；冷冻短语：freezingcold相当冷above/belowfreezing在冰点以上/以下freezetodeath冷得要死；冻死freezingpoint冰点greengrocern.果蔬商（pl）蔬菜水果店grocer杂货商，（pl）杂货店grocery杂货店，（pl）杂货grocerystore杂货店identificationn.鉴定；辨认；确定；身份证明identifyvt.鉴定，认出，确认Identityn.身份，同一性identical同一的，一模一样的IDcard身份证dialvt.拨（电话）宾语：电话号码例：dialthenumber/911Thenumberyouhavedialediscan’tbeconnectedatthistime.Pleasetryagainlater.innocentadj.无辜的；清白的；无罪的；天真的拓展：innocencen．无罪；纯真；单纯例句：Inacourtroomitissometimesdifficulttorecognizewhoisinnocentandwhoisguilty.有时在法庭上很难分辩谁无罪谁有罪。•Heisaninnocentyoungchild.他是个天真无邪的小孩。bearvt.忍受，忍耐；负担，承受；生育n．熊短语：•beardoing/n./todo忍受……•bearsth.inmind牢记……•bearresponsibility承担责任【提示】①bear意为“忍耐，忍受”时，通常与can，could连用，用于疑问句或否定句中你知道bear的过去式过去分词吗？过去式---bore过去分词---born用bear的适当形式填空：•(bear)aheavyburden,hehadtoworkhardtobringuphischildren.•Shewas______(bear)intoamusicalfamily.•______(bear)withaweakheart,thebabydiedsoon.•Theweatherherehasbecome_________(bear).BearingbornBornunbearablejamn.果酱;堵塞；阻塞；strawberryjam草莓酱trafficjam交通拥堵拓展：jamvt.塞入，塞进，挤进；使挤满例：Sixofuswasjammedintoasmallcar.Thestadiumwasjammedwithpeople.diveinto迅速把手伸入；一心投入例句：1.Hewillfinishthattaskverysoonifhedivesintoitentirely.2.Divingintoherbag,shefoundahandkerchiefjustintime.tapvt.轻打；轻拍；轻敲n.轻轻地敲击（声）；（水）龙头例句：1.ThemanagertappedJackontheshoulder,praisingthatheh