2018考研英语二真题和答案完整版

2018考研英语二真题和答案完整版SectionIUseofEnglishDirections：Readthefollowingtext。Choosethebestword（s）foreachnumberedblankandmarkA，B，CorDontheANSWERSHEET。（10points）WhydopeoplereadnegativeInternetcommentsanddootherthingsthatwillobviouslybepainful？Becausehumanshaveaninherentneedto1uncertainty，accordingtoarecentstudyinPsychologicalScience。Thenewresearchrevealsthattheneedtoknowissostrongthatpeoplewill2tosatisfytheircuriosityevenwhenitiscleartheanswerwill3。Inaseriesoffourexperiments，behavioralscientistsattheUniversityofChicagoandtheWisconsinSchoolofBusinesstested。Student’swillingnessto4themselvestounpleasantstimuliinanefforttosatisfycuriosity。Forone5eachparticipantwasshownapileofpensthattheresearcherclaimedwerefromapreviousexperiment。Thetwist？Halfofthepenswould6anelectricshockwhenclicked。Twenty-sevenstudentsweretoldwhichpenswereelectrified，anothertwenty-sevenweretoldonlythatsomewereelectrified7leftaloneintheroom，thestudentswhodidnotknowwhichoneswouldshockthemclickedmorepensandincurredmoreshocksthanthestudentswhoknewwhatwould8subsequentexperimentsreproduced，thiseffectwithotherstimuli9thesoundoffingernailsonachalkboardandphotographsofdisgustinginsects。Thedriveto_10_isdeeplyrootedinhumans。Muchthesameasthebasicdrivesfor_11_orshelter，saysChristopherHseeoftheUniversityofChicagoCuriosityisoftenconsideredagoodinstinct-itcan_12_NewScientificadvances，forinstance-butsometimessuch_13_canbackfire，theinsightthatcuriositycandriveyoutodo_14_thingsisaprofoundone。Unhealthycuriosityispossibleto15，however，inafinalexperiment，participantswhowereencouragedto16howtheywouldfeelafterviewinganunpleasantpicturewerelesslikelyto17toseesuchanimage。Theseresultssuggestthatimaginingthe18offollowingthroughonone’scuriosityaheadoftimecanhelpdetermine19itisworththeendeavor。”Thinkingaboutlong-term20iskeytoreducingthepossiblenegativeeffectsofcuriosity。Hseesays“inotherwords，don’treadonlinecomments”。1.[A]Protect[B]resolve[C]discuss[D]ignore2.[A]refuse[B]wait[C]regret[D]seek3.[A]hurt[B]last[C]mislead[D]rise4.[A]alert[B]tie[C]treat[D]expose5.[A]message[B]review[C]trial[D]concept6。[A]remove[B]weaken[C]interrupt[D]deliver7。[A]when[B]if[C]though[D]unless8。[A]continue[B]happen[C]disappear[D]change9。[A]ratherthan[B]regardlessof[C]suchas[D]owingto10。[A]discover[B]forgive[C]forget[D]disagree11。[A]pay[B]marriage[C]schooling[D]food12。[A]leadto[B]reston[C]learnfrom[D]beginwith13。[A]withdrawal[B]persistence[C]inquiry[D]diligence14。[A]self-reliant[B]self-destructive[C]self-evident[D]self-deceptive15。[A]define[B]resist[C]replace[D]trace16。[A]overlook[B]predict[C]design[D]conceal17。[A]remember[B]promise[C]choose[D]pretend18。[A]relief[B]plan[C]duty[D]outcome19。[A]why[B]whether[C]where[D]how20。[A]consequences[B]investments[C]strategies[D]limitationsSectionIIReadingComprehensionPartADirections：Readthefollowingfourtexts。AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA，B，CorD。MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET。（40points）Text1ItiscuriousthatStephenKoziatekfeelsalmostasthoughhehastojustifyhiseffortstogivehisstudentsabetterfuture。Mr。Koziatekispartofsomethingpioneering。HeisateacherataNewHampshirehighschoolwherelearningisnotsomethingofbooksandtestsandmechanicalmemorization，butpractical。Whendiditbecomeacceptedwisdomthatstudentsshouldbeabletonamethe13thpresidentoftheUnitedStatesbutbeutterlyoverwhelmedbyabrokenbikechain？AsKoziatekknows，thereislearninginjustabouteverything。Nothingisnecessarilygainedbyforcingstudentstolearngeometryatagraffitieddeskstuckwithgenerationsofdiscardedchewinggum。Theycanalsolearngeometrybyassemblingabicycle。Buthe’salsofoundakindofinsidiousprejudice。Workingwithyourhandsisseenasalmostamarkofinferiority。Schoolsinthefamilyofvocationaleducation“havethatstereotype。。。thatit’sforkidswhocan’tmakeitacademically，”hesays。Ononehand，thatviewpointisalogicalproductofAmerica’sevolution。Manufacturingisnottheeconomicenginethatitoncewas。ThejobsecuritythattheUSeconomyonceofferedtohighschoolgraduateshaslargelyevaporated。Moreeducationisthenewprinciple。Wewantmoreforourkids，andrightfullyso。Buttheheadlongpushintobachelor’sdegreesforall–andthesubtledevaluingofanythingless–missesanimportantpoint：That’snottheonlythingtheAmericaneconomyneed。Yes，abachelor’sdegreeopensmoredoors。Butevennow，54percentofthejobsinthecountryaremiddle-skilljobs，suchasconstructionandhigh-skillmanufacturing。Butonly44percentofworkersareadequatelytrained。Inotherwords，atatimewhentheworkingclasshasturnedthecountryonitspoliticalhead，frustratedthattheopportunitythatoncedefinedAmericaisvanishing，oneobvioussolutionisstaringusintheface。Thereisagapinworking-classjobs，buttheworkerswhoneedthosejobsmostaren’tequippedtodothem。Koziatek’sManchesterschoolofTechnologyHighSchoolistryingtofillthatgap。Koziatek’sschoolisawake-upcall。Wheneducationbecomesone-size-fits-all，itrisksoverlookinganation’sdiversityofgifts。21.Abrokenbikechainismentionedtoshowstudents’lackof。[A]practicalability[B]academictraining[C]pioneeringspirit[D]mechanicalmemorization22.Thereexiststheprejudicethatvocationaleducationisforkidswho。[A]haveastereotypedmind[B]havenocareermotivation[C]ar