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Unit3Tomorrow’sworldWordPowerFormingabstractnounsfromverbsandadjectivesLeadin•Comparethefollowingtwogroupsofwordsandthinkaboutthesimilaritiesandthedifferencesbetweenthetwogroups.Group1:house,milk,driver,gameGroup2:kindness,preparation,decision,differenceAllthewordsarenouns,butwordsinGroup1refertophysicalthingsandwordsinGroup2refertoideas,actionsandqualities.Thesewordsarecalledabstractnouns.Learningaims•Bytheendoftheclass,wewill:•Enlargevocabularybyapplyingtherulesofmakingabstractnouns.•Knowhowtousereificationofabstractnouns(抽象名词具体化).•LearnsomewordsrelatedtocomputersandtheInternet.Selfstudy•Completethearticleaboutthehistoryofoneoftheworld’smostsuccessfulonlinebusinessonPage46.•Answers:•1._____________2._____________•3._____________4._____________•5._____________developmentfailureconnectionsimprovementsachievementWecanformabstractnounsfromsomeverbsandadjectivesbyaddingsuffixes.NounsAdjectivesSuffixloyalty-tyillness-nessreality-ityloyalill1.adjectives→abstractnounsrealGuidanceandExploration1Exercise:1.Thankstohis________weareallsaved,andallofusthinkheissucha_____person.(kind;kindness)2.Themancarriedtheboyto______asthetraincomeover,andtheboywas____atlast.(safe;safety)kindnesskindsafetysafeNounsVerbsSuffixtrainingtrainfailure+ureperform+ancedependence+ence2.verbs→abstractnounsdependperformancefail+ingmovementmovediscuss+ioninformation+ation+mentdiscussioninform1.WhenJulia_____intheexam,hermothertoldher“______isthemotherofsuccess”.(fail;failure)2.Manywildanimals_______________becauseofpollution.Wehavetotakesomeactionstopreventthe______________ofwildanimals.(disappearance;disappear)failedFailurehavedisappeareddisappearanceWesometimesneedtoremoveorchangethefinalletter(s)ofawordbeforeaddingthesuffix:verbproduce_________productiondecide_________decisionplease_________pleasureadj.silent_________silencepretty_________prettiness-e+tion-de+sion-e+ure-t+ce-y+inessReificationofabstractnouns(抽象名词具体化)•表示情感、情绪的词，强调具体的人或事时常将其具体化使用。常用的重点抽象名词可概括为如下11个字：惊、乐、幸、憾、傲、慰、险、助、成、败、美。•1.surprise吃惊、惊奇（不可数名词）•asurprise令人吃惊的人或事（可数名词）•①惊奇地、吃惊地•②令人吃惊的是•③在这里见到你真是个意外的事。GuidanceandExploration2insurprisetoone’ssurpriseWhatasurprisetoseeyouhere.•2.pleasure愉快、高兴（不可数名词）•apleasure一个乐事、一个乐趣（可数名词）•①withpleasure•②takepleasurein•③和他一块儿工作是件乐事。•It’sapleasuretoworkwithhim.高兴地、乐意地以…为乐、爱好•3.honor荣誉、信誉（不可数名词）•anhonor一种光荣的人或事（可数名词）•①forthehonorofthecountry•②在这里发言是我的荣幸。为了国家的荣誉It’sanhonortospeakhere.•failure失败（不可数名词）•afailure/failures失败的人或事（可数名词）•①失败是成功之母。•②Hehadhadsixfailuresandwouldhaveaseventhtry.Failureisthemotherofsuccess.他已经历六次失败，并将再次努力。•4.pity遗憾•apity一件遗憾的事•5.pride骄傲（不可数名词）•apride令人骄傲的人或事（可数名词）•①他以儿子为骄傲。•②他是父母的骄傲。Whatapityyoucouldn'tcomeyesterday！①昨天你不能来，真是件遗憾事！Hetakesprideinhisson.Heisapridetohisparents.•6.comfort安危、舒适（不可数名词）•acomfort一个令人安慰的人或事（可数名词）•①享受舒适•②Booksbecomeacomforttohim.•③Shetriedtomakeherchildrenliveincomfort,whichisagreatcomforttoher.•enjoycomfort书籍成为他的一种安慰。她设法使她的孩子们过上舒适的生活，这对她是极大的安慰。•7.danger危险（不可数名词）•adanger可能引起危险的人或物（可数名词）•①Inwar,asoldier’slifeisfullofdanger.•②Themanisadangertosociety.战争中，士兵的生命充满了危险。那是个对社会危险的人物。•8.success成功（不可数名词）•asuccess一个成功的人或事（可数名词）•①besureofsuccess••②作为科学家，他是个伟大的成功者。确信成功Heisagreatsuccessasascientist.10.help帮助•ahelp帮手，起帮助作用的物•①这对我帮助很大。It’sagreathelptome.11.beauty美、美丽（不可数名词）abeauty美人、美丽的东西（可数名词）①大自然的美thebeautyofnature②Heregardedhiswifeasabeauty.Moreexamples:1.Hehadbeenatalentedmusicianinhisyouth.2.Thefightwasstartedbyagangofyouths.3.Hehasthepowertomakethingsunpleasantforus.4.TheUSAisamongtheworldpowers.5.Itisanunusualexperienceforher.6.Experienceisthebestteacher.年轻年轻人能力强国经历经验WordsrelatedtocomputersTrytorecognizethedifferentpartsofcomputersinthepicture:GuidanceandExploration2speakermonitorprinterCD-Rom/DVD-RomscreenkeyboardmouseflashdiskHarddriverCD-ROM/DVD-ROMdriveMousematPractice:Usesomeofthewordsinthepictureandthewordsintheboxtocompletetheposter:Answers:1.keyboard2.mouse3.data4.CPU5.e-mails6.surf7.download8.softwareSummary•Learntherulesofmakingabstractnouns.•Knowhowtousereificationofabstractnouns(抽象名词具体化).•LearnsomewordsrelatedtocomputersandtheInternet.