2010高考英语二轮专题复习系列课件04《语言知识点》一、08高考英语江苏卷命题依据1.依据国家教育部所颁布的《普通高中英语课程标准(实验)》的总体目标和分项目标;2.依据江苏教育厅所颁发的《江苏省普通高中课程标准教学要求》;3.依据2008年江苏高考英语《考试说明》。二、考试内容的变化1.总词汇量增加:2007年《考试说明》:2500个左右的英语词汇与相关词组。2008年《考试说明》:3500个英语单词和400~500个习惯用语或固定搭配。2.增添任务型阅读。3.书面表达字数增加:120词左右→150词左右。一、语言知识点命题角度、复习对策二、阅读理解命题方法、解题方法、常见问题三、任务型阅读命题特点、训练方法三、语言知识点复习的必要性1.是达到《英语课程标准(试行稿)》和《江苏省普通高中课程标准教学要求》要求的需要;2.是提升学生综合运用语言知识能力的需要;3.是提高高考英语成绩的需要:●单项选择15分;●完形填空20●任务型阅读10分●书面表达25分。四、语言知识点复习“三要”1.复习时间要相对集中;2.复习要有系统性;3.复习要极具针对性——紧扣考点、突出重点、解决难点、弥补弱点。五、语言知识点考查方法(7点)1.利用知识点的常用规则考查:Attheendofthemeeting,itwasannouncedthatanagreement__.(2007江苏)A.hasbeenreachedB.hadbeenreachedC.hasreachedD.hadreached—CanIsmokehere?—Sorry.Wedon’tallow__here(2007江苏)A.peoplesmokingB.peoplesmokeC.tosmokeD.smokingMyparentshavealwaysmademe__aboutmyself,evenwhenIwastwelve.(2007江苏)A.feelingwellB.feelinggoodB.feelwellD.feelgood2.利用规则中的“例外”考查:Wehaveeveryreasontobelievethat__2008BeijingOlympicGameswillbe__success.(2007江苏)A.不填;aB.the;不填C.the;aD.a;a3.利用学生学习的难点考查:—Shelooksveryhappy.She__havepassedtheexam.—Iguessso.It’snotdifficultafterall.(2007江苏)A.shouldB.couldC.mustD.might4.利用学生容易疏漏的知识点考查:Heisverypopularamonghisstudentsashealwaystriestomakethem__inhislectures.(2007江苏)A.interestedB.interestingC.interestD.tointerest5.利用学生混淆不清的知识点考查:Mymostfamousrelativeofall,__whoreallylefthismarkonAmerica,wasRebSussel,mygreat-grandfather.(2006江苏)A.oneB.theoneC.heD.someone6.利用学生的思维定势考查:—__you__himaroundthemuseumyet?—Yes.Wehadagreattimethere.(2007江苏)A.Have;shownB.Do;showC.Had;shownD.Did;show7.利用语言、文化差异考查:Hefounditincreasinglydifficulttoread,___hiseyesightwasbeginningtofail.(2006北京)A.andB.forC.butD.or六、语言知识点中的考点、重点、难点、弱点剖析(1)冠词(4点)除复习冠词的基本用法外,其“例外”用法值得注意。1.表示“某一”的意思时,专有名词及月份、星期的名词前用a或an。例如:—Couldyoutellmethewayto__Johnson’s,please?—Sorry,wedon’thave__Johnsonhereinthevillage.(2007全国II)A.the;theB.the;aC./;theD.the;/又如:Gorgecouldn’trememberwhenhefirstmetMr.Anderson,buthewassureitwas___Sundaybecauseeverybodywasat___church.(2007重庆)A./;theB.the;/C.a;/D./;a2.a/an+名词+修饰性的定语从句或介词短语。例如:Mrs.Taylorhas__8-year-olddaughterwhohas__giftforpainting—shehaswontwonationalprizes.(2005浙江)A.a;aB.an;theC.an;aD.the;a又如:Forhim____stageisjust___meansofmakingaliving.(2006山东)A.a;aB.the;aC.the;theD.a;the3.在句中第一次出现的名词不等于不特指,完全看语境的暗示。例如:—Iknockedovermycoffeecup.Itwentrightover__keyboard.—Youshouldn’tputdrinksnear__computer.(2006北京)A.the;不填B.the;aC.a;不填D.a;a4.music、nature、society前通常不用冠词,除非特指。例如:Iknowyoudon’tlike__musicverymuch.Butwhatdoyouthinkof__musicinthefilmwesawyesterday?(2006全国III)A./;/B.the;theC.the;/D./;the(2)形容词、副词(3点)1.几个形容词作定语的排序问题。理论上若干形容词可共同作一个名词的定语,其排列顺序是:描绘形容词+大小(长短高低)形容词+形状形容词+年龄(新旧)形容词+颜色形容词+国籍形容词+材料形容词+用途(类别)形容词+名词。记忆方法:可以通过下面一个短语记忆,而后套用:abeautiful,small,round,old,white,French,wooden,writingtable(美丽的小袁,老白发,木头写字台。)例如:This__girlisLind’scousin.(2005北京)A.prettylittleSpanishB.SpanishlittleprC.SpanishprettylittleD.littleprettySpanish2.绝不能忽略less、least及worse,worst等表示“更少”、“最少”、“更糟”、“最糟”等概念的比较级和最高级的使用。例如:Alanisacarefuldriver,buthedrives___ofmyfriends.(2007上海)A.morecarefullyB.themostcarefullyC.lesscarefullyD.theleastcarefully3.cannot…too…无论……也不过分/cannot…more…再……不过了。例如:—MustIturnoffthegasaftercooking?—Ofcourse.Youcanneverbe___carefulwiththat.(2005江西)A.enoughB.tooC.soD.very—Goforapicnicthisweekend,OK?—__.Ilovegettingclosetonature.(2004福建)A.Icouldn’tagreemoreB.B.I’mafraidnotC.IbelievenotD.Idon’tthinkso(3)代词(2点)1.一些动词后接相关从句时要先加it,再接从句:●appreciate+it+if…●dislike、hate、like、love+it+when…●dependon+it+that…●insiston+it+that…●seeto+it+that…例如:I’dappreciate__ifyouwouldliketoteachmehowtousethecomputer.(2006山东)A.thatB.itC.thisD.you又如:Ihate__whenpeopletalkwiththeirmouthsfull.(NMET1998)A.itB.thatC.theseD.them2.one、theone都可以作同位语。例如:Mymostfamousrelativeofall,___whoreallylefthismarkonAmerica,wasRobSussel,mygreatgrandfather.(2006江苏)A.oneB.theoneC.heD.someone(4)动词的时态(4点)1.时间、条件状语从句中的谓语动词可以用完成时替代将来时。例如:—__leaveattheendofthismonth.—Idon’tthinkyoushoulddothatuntil__anotherjob.(2006北京)A.I’mgoingto;you’dfoundB.I’mgoingto;you’vefoundC.I’ll;you’llfindD.I’ll;you’dfind2.一般过去时可以与段时间连用。例如:I___inLondonformanyyears,butI’veneverregrettedmyfinaldecisiontomovebacktoChina.(2006重庆)A.livedB.waslivingC.havelivedD.hadlived3.Itis/wasthefirst/second…time+完成时。例如:—Doyouknowourtownatall?—No,thisisthefirsttimeI___here.(NMET91)A.wasB.havebeenC.cameD.amcoming4.表示思维的动词,如:think、want、hope、plan、intend、mean、suppose等可以用过去完成时或一般过去时表示事与愿违的情况。例如:—Ouch!Youhurtme!—Iamsorry.ButI__anyharm.I__todrivearatout.(2007江西)A.didn’tmean;triedB.don’tmean;amtryingC.haven’tmeant;triedD.didn’tmean;wastrying(5)虚拟语气(1点)在表示虚拟语气的句型中,如其中含有表示客观事实的从句,该从句不用虚拟语气。例如:Ifitwerenotforthefactthatshe_____sing,Iwouldinvitehertotheparty.(2006福建卷)A.couldn’tB.shouldn’tC.can’tD.mightnot(6)情态动词(2点)1.表示猜测、推测:●must用在肯定句中;●can,could用在疑问句中;●may,might,can,could用在肯定句或否定句中。may、might侧重从事实的角度做出猜测,而can、could则侧重从逻辑角度做出猜测。例如:Helen__goonthetripwithus,butsheisn’tquitesureyet.(2005安徽)A.shallB.mustC.mayD.can又如:—I’vetakensomeoneelse’sgreensweaterbymistake.—It__Harry’s.Healwayswearsgreen.(2005广东)A.hastobeB.willbeC.mustn’tbeD.couldbe2.表示埋怨、责怪:●should(not)+