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2010高考英语《语法》专题复习系列课件15《主谓一致》主谓一致谓语动词的数必须和主语的人称和数一致,这就叫主谓一致.IamateacherSheoftendoesherhomeworkinthemorning.Thereisonlyoneboxonthetable.Thereare50studentsinourclass.但是如果主语不是单一的，或主语名词的数比较特殊时，其主谓一致一般要根据语法一致（从前原则）＼意义一致＼就近原则．一、语法一致原则一般来说，语法形式是单数的主语，谓语动词用单数形式，语法形式是复数的主语，谓语动词用复数形式。Eg:（1）Thenumberoferrorswassurprising.错误之多是惊人的（2）Weloveourmotherland.二、意义一致原则主、谓语的一致不是根据其外部语法形态来决定，而是取决于主语所表达的内在含义。主语形式虽为单数，但在意义上却为复数，谓语动词应采取复数形式，主语形式虽为复数，但在意义上视为单数，谓语动词应采取单数形式。Eg（1）Thecrowdwerefightingfortheirlives.这些人正为生存而战斗。（2）Threeyearsinastrangelandseemslikealongtime.在异乡生活的三年，仿佛是很长的时间。三、就近原则谓语动词根据它前面最邻近的名词或代词或其他词的数的形式，来决定其自身的数的形式。Eg(1)Notonlyhischildrenbutalsohehimselfwantstogothere.(2)EithermywifeorIamgoingtoworkthere.就近原则的使用情况：当作主语的两个名词或代词由or,either…or,neither…nor,whether…or…..notonly…butalso…，not……but……连接时;在therebe…./herebe……句型中(1)There____alamp,twopensandthreebooksonthedesk.(2)Here____someenvelopesandpaperforyou..(3)Notonlyhisfamilybutalsohe_____(喜欢）Chaplin’smovies.(4)YouorI____goingtoreceivethemthisafternoon.isarelikesam5.NotonlyIbutalsoJaneandMary____tiredofhavingoneexaminationafteranother.A.isB.areC.amD.be6.There______inthisroom.a.aretoomuchfurnitureb.istoomanyfurnituresc.aretoomuchfurnituresd.istoomuchfurniture7.NeitherTomnorhisparents______athome.a.isb.arec.hasd.was8.Eitherthedeanortheprincipal______themeeting.a.attendsb.attendc.areattendingd.haveattended9.______waswrong.a.Nottheteacherbutthestudentsb.Boththestudentsandtheteacherc.Neithertheteachernotthestudentsd.Notthestudentsbuttheteacher10.Hedidn’tsaywhethersomeEnglishnovelsoranEnglishdictionary_____wanted.A.areB.isC.wasD.were有togetherwith,with,aswellas,but,except,besides,ratherthan,including,along,alongwith,like.连接并列主语时,采取从前原则.1)They,togetherwithTom,_______goingtoswimthisafternoon.(be)2)Noonebutyourparents_____therethen.(be)3)He,likeyouandyourbrother,________veryclever.(be)4)Theteacher,includinghisstudents,_______goingtoseeProfessorTell.(be)5)Mary,togetherwithhissisters________goneback.(have)arewasishashas1.Anexpert,togetherwithsomeassistants,____tohelpinthiswork.A.wassentB.weresentC.issendingD.aresending2.—____eitherheorIfitforthejob?—Neitherhenoryou____.A.Am;areB.Is;areC.Are;areD.Is;is3.Nothingbutcars____intheshop.A.issoldB.aresoldC.weresoldD.aregoingtosell4.Alibrarywithfivethousandbooks_______tothenationasagift.A.isofferedB.haveofferedC.areofferedD.hasoffered5.Notonlythewholenation,butthewholeEurope,indeedthewholehumansociety______toalteritsattitudetoracialproblems.a.needb.needsc.hasaneedd.haveaneed6.Totellyouthetruth,I,aswellastheotherstudents,______hungry.A.sureamB.amsureC.sureareD.aresure由and或both----and连接主语，谓语动词用复数。1.Apoetandanovelisthavevisitedourschool.2.WuDongandWuXi______twinbrother.(be)are1.Thesingerandthedancer______cometothemeeting.A.hasB.haveC.areD.is2.ThesecretaryofthePartybranchandthedirectorofthatfactoryoften____withtheworkers.A.worksB.workC.isworkingD.areworking如果and连接的两个词是指同一个人，同一事物或同一概念，则两个名词共用一个冠词，谓语用单数。Eg:1）Theteacherandwriterisherfriend.2)Butterandbreadisherfavoritefood.3)Ajournalistandauthor_____(live)inthehouse4)Thedoctorandprofessor__(be)comingatonce.livesis1.TheLeaguesecretaryandmonitor___askedtomakeaspeechatthemeeting.A.beB.wasC.areD.were2.Wiskyandsoda______hisfavoritedrink.a.isb.arec.wered.havebeen3.Lightandheat_____oftensentouttogetherwithheavysmoke.A.isB.wasC.areD.being4.______waswrong.a.Nottheteacherbutthestudentsb.Boththestudentsandtheteacherc.Neithertheteachernotthestudentsd.Notthestudentsbuttheteacherevery…and(every)……;each…and(each)…;no…and(no)…;manya…and(manya)…连接两个单数名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数。1.Everydeskandeverychair____madeofwood.(be)2.Manyaboyandgirl_____madethesamemistake.(have)3.Noboyandnogirl___(be)intheclassroom.4.Manyastudent____(like)popsongs.ishasislikes1.Eachmanandwoman______thesamerights.a.hasb.havec.hadd.ishaving2.Manyastudent______theimportanceoflearningaforeignlanguage.a.haverealizedb.hasrealizedc.havebeenrealizedd.hasbeenrealized3.Nochairandnodesk______permittedtobetakenawayfromthereadingroom.A.areB.wereC.isD.be4.Manyafather______learnttohissorrowwhatitistohaveasonwhotellslies.A.haveB.isC.areD.has5.Everyman,womanandchild______somehistory,enoughatleast,tosurviveintheworld.a.knowsb.knowc.isknownd.areknownsome(of),plentyof,alotof,most(of),therestof,all(of),half(of),part(of),themajorityof,分数或百分数+of+名词等短语作主语时，谓语动词与of后的名词或则和其替代的名词保持数的一致。1)Alotofstudents_________waitingoutside.(be)2)Morethan70percentofthesurface___(be)coveredbywater.3)Therestofthemoney_____(belong)toyou.are/wereisbelongs1._____ofthelandinthatdistrict_____coveredwithtreesandgrass.A.Twofifth,isB.Twofifth,areC.Twofifths,isD.Twofifths,are2.Ihavefinishedalargepartofthebook;therest_____moredifficult.A.isB.areC.wasD.were3.Mostofhissavings______intheXinHuaBank.a.hasbeenkeptb.isbeingkeptc.havekeptd.havebeenkept4.Themajorityofthedamage______easytorepair.a.isb.arec.wered.be5.Themajorityofdoctors______smokingisharmfultohealth.a.arebelievedb.hadbelievedc.hasbelievedd.believe6.Three-fourthsofthebuildings______.a.wasdestroyedb.isdestroyedc.weredestroyedd.hasbeendestroyednone有时作单数看待，有时作