过去分词作状语的用法非谓语动词的用法讲解:2013.10.241.______________n.教授2.______________v.犹豫,踌躇3.______________adj.引起麻烦的4.______________v.抢夺,剥夺5.______________adj.破旧的professorhesitatetroublesomerobshabby6.____________v.&n.吹口哨,汽笛声7._______________n.手帕8.____________n.机会,运气9.____________adj.音乐的10._____________n.裁判员,仲裁员whistlehandkerchief(s)fortunemusicalreferee11.adaptationn._________________12.garmentn._________________13.brilliantadj._________________14.classifyv._________________15.ambassadorn._________________适应(性);改编本(一件)衣服,服装光辉灿烂的;杰出的分类;归类大使;使节16.statusn.________________17.superioradj.________________18.antiqueadj.&n.________________19.laundryn.________________20.alphabetn.________________身份;职位优秀的;长官古时的,珍贵的洗衣店字母表1.作记录_______________2.把……当成……_______________3.把……递给……_______________4.冒充_______________5.一把,少量的_______________makenotes/takenotestakesb.forsth.handoverpassoffasahandfulof6.庆祝一番_______________7.相识、了解_______________8.被指控_______________9.抱怨_______________10.在地球上、究竟_______________haveacelebrationmakeone’sacquaintancebeaccusedofcomplainofonearth11.inamazement________________12.generallyspeaking________________13.theotherday________________14.intermsof________________15.inneedof________________惊讶地一般说来前几天就…来说、从…角度需要过去分词作状语1.过去分词作状语表示被动的和完成的动作。(1)Writteninahurry,thisarticlewasnotsogood!因为写得匆忙,这篇文章不是很好。【注意】written为过去分词作状语,表示这篇文章是被写的,而且已经被写。(Thisarticlewas)writteninahurry,…(2)Lost/indeepthought,hedidn’thearthesound.(Hewas)lostindeepthought,hedidn’thearthesound.因为沉溺于思考之中,所以他没听到那个声音。值得注意的是,有些过去分词因来源于系表结构,作状语时不表被动而表主动。这样的过去分词及短语常见的有:lost(迷路);seated(坐);hidden(躲);stationed(驻扎);lost(沉溺于);born(出身于);dressedin(穿着);tiredof(厌烦)。____inthought,healmostranintothecarinfrontofhim.(lose)______inwhite,shelooksmorebeautiful.(dress)belostin;bedressedin;beinterestedin;bedevotedto;besupposedto;becaughtintherain;beseatedin;bepreparedfor;bedeterminedtobeabsorbedinbeexposedtobecastdownLost2.系表结构表示主语所处的状态Dressed类似的还有:2.过去分词作状语时其逻辑主语为主句的主语,此时应注意人称一致。(1)Givenanotherhour,Icanalsoworkoutthisproblem.再给我一个小时,我也能解这道题。given为过去分词作状语,它的逻辑主语为主句主语I,即I被再给一个小时.)(Iwas)givenanotherhour,I…(2)Seenfromthetopofthehill,thecitylooksmorebeautifultous.从山顶看城市,城市显得更漂亮。(seen为过去分词作状语,表“被看”,由语境可知,它的逻辑主语必须是城市,而不是“我们”,因为“我们”应主动看城市。)(Thecitywas)seenfrom…,thecitylooks…【注意】如果过去分词作状语时,前面再加逻辑主语,主句的主语就不再是分词的逻辑主语,这种带逻辑主语的过去分词结构实际上属于独立主格结构。(1)Thesignalgiven,thebusstarted.信号一发出,汽车就开动了。(thesignal是given的逻辑主语,因此主句主语thebus就不是given的逻辑主语。(2)Herheadheldhigh,shewentby.她把头昂得高高地从这儿走了过去。(herhead是heldhigh的逻辑主语,因此主句主语she就不再是heldhigh的逻辑主语。)3.过去分词作状语来源于状语从句。(1)Caughtinaheavyrain,hewasallwet.因为淋了一场大雨,所以他全身湿透了。(caughtinaheavyrain为过去分词短语作原因状语,它来源于原因状语从句Becausehewascaughtinaheavyrain.)(Hewas)caughtin…,hewas…(2)Growninrichsoil,theseseedscangrowfast.(growninrichsoil为过去分词作条件状语,它来源于条件状语从句Iftheseseedsaregrowninrichsoil.如果种在肥沃的土壤里,这些种子能长得很快。【注意】状语从句改成过去分词作状语时有时还可保留连词,构成“连词+过去分词”结构作状语。Whengivenamedicalexamination,youshouldkeepcalm.当你做体格检查时要保持镇定。4.过去分词作状语的位置。过去分词可放在主句前作句首状语,后面有逗号与主句隔开;也可放在主句后面,前面有逗号与主句隔开。Hestoodtheresilently,movedtotears.=Movedtotears,hestoodtheresilently.他静静地站在那里,被感动得热泪盈眶。with引出的独立结构通常表示伴随情况或补充说明,有时也具有时间、条件、原因等含义。with+宾语+现在分词:表正在发生或进行的主动意义with+宾语+过去分词:表已完成的被动意义Ican’tconcentrateuponmyworkwiththechildrenplayingsonoisilyoutsidemywindow.孩子们在窗外闹得很厉害,我无法集中精力工作。Withthefirstpointagreedon,weturnedournegotiationtoanother.第一点取得一致意见后,我们的谈判便转至另一点。WithJohnworkinginNewYorkandLucytravelingmostoftheweek,thehouseseemsempty.Theysatintheroomwiththecurtaindrawn.课本P.21AistoBwhatCistoD.A对B而言正如C对D而言。