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虚拟语气分清真实和虚拟（特别是if)If引导的现在、过去、将来的虚拟语气Wish引导的虚拟语气表示建议、命令的问题1.判断是否虚拟2.判断虚拟类型3.判断虚拟时间虚拟语气•表示说话人的所说的话不是事实，•一种假设、猜测、怀疑等(在条件从句中或让步状语从句中)；•一种表示说话人的愿望、要求、命令、建议等(在宾语从句等名词性从句中)。•Iwishyouweremorecareful.•但愿你更细心一些。•条件句有真实条件句和非真实条件句两种。真实条件句所表的假设是可能发生或实现的,是与事实相符的。非真实条件句所表的假设则是不可能或不大可能发生或实现的，与事实相反的情况。Ifitisfinetomorrow,Iwillgotovisitmygrandma.IfIwereabird,IwouldflytoAmerica.非真实条件句•IfIhadtime,Iwouldcertainlyjoinyouinthetennismatch.•（事实是：我没有时间）•我要是有时间肯定和你一起打这场网球比赛。•IfIwereyou,Iwouldputhersuggestionintoaccount.•（事实是：我并不是你）•我要是你，我会考虑她的建议的。非真实条件句•IfIshouldhaveachancetotryit,Iwoulddoitinanotherway.•（假设的情况不大可能发生）•要是我有机会试一试，我会用另一种方法做的。•Eveniftheyweretofail,theywouldn'tlosecourage.•（说话人不希望假设的情况发生）•即使他们万一失败，他们也不会泄气。一、虚拟语气在非真实条件句中与过去事实相反的假设与现在相反的假设与将来相反的假设虚拟条件句主句If+主语+Ved（be用were)If+主语+had+V过分If+主语+Ved（be用were)If+主语+wereto+V原If+主语+should+V原主语＋would＋V原(should/could/might)主语＋would＋V原(should/could/might)主语＋would＋have+V过分(should/could/might)Iwouldbuyanexpensivecar.Iwouldbuyavilla.Iwouldtravelaroundtheworld.IfIwonthelottery,现在事实相反IfI____________timelastnight,I_____________toseethefilmwithyou.hadhadwouldhavegone过去事实相反Ifhe________morecarefully,he_____________thecaraccidentyesterday.haddrivenwouldnothavehadMark:100I________apartyforyou.shouldgetIfyou____________________________________gotWeretogetafullmarknexttime,将来时相反wouldholdIfIwereyou,IwouldgiveAIDSpatientahug.IfIhadtakenyouradvice,Iwouldn’thavemadeamistake.Ifitrainedtomorrow,theywouldn’tgoforanouting.现在事实相反与过去事实相反与将来事实相反1.Wish的宾语从句现在：过去：将来：过去时（were）过去完成时would/could/might+V.1.IwishIwereabird2.IwishIhadn’tmadesuchamistake3.Wewishourparentswouldn’tpunishus.1.在wish的宾语从句中用于宾语从句Iwish从句结构Example与现在事实相反一般过去式Iwishitwereautumnnow.与过去事实相反过去完成式Hewishes(wished)hehadnotlostthechance.与将来事实相反WouldCould+V.原形MightIwishyouwouldcomesoon.IwishIwereastallasyou.IwishIbecameasfamousasYaoMing.IwishIwereabird.IwishIcouldflylikeabird.Iwisheverydayweremybirthday.Hewishhehadn’teatensomuchwatermelon.Iwishthelunchtimewouldcomesoon.Iwishitwouldraintomorrow.2.在表示建议，要求，命令的词•command（命令）,demand（要求）,desire（希望，要求）,insist（坚持）,order（命令）,propose（提议）,recommend（推荐）,request（要求）,require（要求）,suggest（建议），后的宾语从句中：“(should)+动词原形”e.g.•Isuggestthatwe(should)setoffatonce.•Idemandedthathe(should)answermeimmediately.•一个坚持insist，•两个命令order,command，•三个建议advise,suggest,propose•四个要求demand,require,request,desire•注：以上动词的名词形式用于从句中，从句中的动词也是用“(should)+动词原形”名词形式•suggestion（建议）,•motion（动议）,•proposal（提议）,•order（命令）,•recommendation（推荐），•advice(建议),•instruction(指示、指令)•idea（想法）,Eg•Heproposedthatwe(should)setadeadlineforthecomplementoftheplan.•他提议拟定一个执行计划的期限。•Theyrequestedthatwe(should)sendadelegationtotheircountry.•他们请求我们派一个代表团到他们国家去。•Isuggestedthathe(should)setoffforourheadquartersstraightaway.•我建议他马上动身去我们的总部。•Theinstructionwasthatnobodybeallowedtogotosleepuntilfurtherorders.•指示要求，任何人不得在接到进一步的命令之前去睡觉。•MysuggestionisthatheleaveforLondonatonce.•我的建议是他立即动身去伦敦。•Whatdoyouthinkofhisproposalthatwe(should)putonaplayattheEnglishevening?•他的建议是我们在英语晚会上演一个剧,你觉得怎么样？•Mysuggestionthatwe(should)haveameetinghasbeenacceptedbyothers.•Weallagreetothatsuggestionthatthemeeting(should)beputoff（延期）.PRACTICE1:Fillintheblanks.a.Ifthey______(be)here,they__________(take)youradvice.b.Iftheworld-war___________(break)outagain,what________________(happen)toourpeopleonearth?c.Ifthepoliceman_____________(benot)inthatroomnow,it________________(be)verydangerous.d.IfI_______(be)inyourposition,I_____________(ask)forteacher’shelp.werewouldtakebrokewouldhappenwerenotcouldbewerewouldaskPRACTICE2:Fillintheblankse.IfTom__(be)morecarefulintheexam,he___________(pass)italready.f.Ifyou(get)upearlier,you_________(catch)thefirsttrain.g.IfI____(meet)youyesterday,we_______________(go)totheconcerttogether.hadbeenwouldhavepassedhadgotwouldhavecaughthadmetwouldhavegonePRACTICE3:Fillintheblanksa.Ifthere(be)nonaturalresourceanymore,we___________(make)useofnuclearpower.b.What___(happen)ifyou_____________(getup)toolatetomorrow?shouldbewouldmakewouldhappenshouldgetup