suggest与advise的用法

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中考班上有一个考点,我讲了很多年suggestsbtodo.一些参考书上也是这么写的,最近看了大辞典,还真没有这么用的,特此更正。一、误用不定式作宾语要表示汉语的“建议做某事”,英语通常用suggestdoingsth,而不能用suggesttodosth。如:他建议坐飞机去,可我认为这样花费太大。正:Hesuggestedgoingbyplane,butIthoughtitwouldcosttoomuch.误:Hesuggestedtogobyplane,butIthoughtitwouldcosttoomuch.汤姆建议把房子卖了,但是安表示反对。正:TomsuggestedsellingthehousebutAnnwasagainstit.正:TomsuggestedtosellthehousebutAnnwasagainstit.二、汉语通常说“建议某人做某事”,但英语习惯上不能说suggestsbtodosth,而说suggestsb’s[sb]doingsth。也就是说,suggest后不仅不接不定式,而且也不接不定式的复合结构。如:他建议我们早点动身。正:Hesuggestedthatweleaveearlier.误:Hesuggestedustoleaveearlier.当然,我们也可以用后接that从句的形式来表达此意思(注意谓语用“should+动词原形”这样的虚拟语气形式)。如:Isuggestthatwe(should)havelunchrightnow.我建议我们现在就吃午饭。Hesuggeststhatweshouldallgotoseethefilm.他建议我们都去看电影。比较以下同义表达:他建议他们在没有听到事实真相之前什么都别说。正:Hesuggested(should)notsayinganythingtilltheyheardthefacts.正:Hesuggestedsayingnothingaboutittilltheyheardthefacts.正:Hesuggestedthattheyshouldn’tsayanythingtilltheyheardthefacts.三、混用其后宾语从句的语气suggest后接宾语从句时,从谓语既可用陈述语气,也可用虚拟语气,其区别与suggest所表示的意思有关:1.若suggest表示“建议”,则其后接的that从句谓语通常用“(should)+动词原形”这样的虚拟语气形式。如:Isuggestedthatsheshouldgohome.我建议她回家去。ShesuggestedthatI(should)betheleader.她提议由我来做领导人。2.若suggest表示“暗示”“意指”“表明”等义,则其后接的that从句要用陈述语气。如:Whathesaidsuggestedthathewasacheat.他说的话表明他是个骗子。AreyousuggestingthatI’mnotsuitedforthejob?你的意思是说我不适合做这工作?四、其后误接双宾语要表示向某人提出某情况,suggest后不能接双宾语,即不能用suggestsbsth,而通常用suggeststhtosb。如:我向她提出一个解决问题的办法。正:Isuggestedawayouttoher.误:Isuggestedherawayout.若其中的直接宾语比较复杂(比如是that从句)时,可考虑改用suggesttosbsth。如:我向他建议我们应该用另一种方式处理这个问题。正:Isuggestedtohimthatweshouldtackletheproblemanotherway.误:Isuggestedhimthatweshouldtackletheproblemanotherway.五、忽略相关派生名词的相关用法按英语习惯,suggest的派生名词suggestion也具有与其词根动词相似的用法,如当suggestion表示“建议”时,若其后接一个that引导的宾语从句,则该从句也习惯上要用“should+动词原形”这样的虚拟语气。如:ThesuggestionthatshopsshouldopenonSundaysledtoaheateddiscussion.关于商店星期日也应该营业的提议,引起了激烈的争论。TherewasasuggestionthatBrownshouldbedroppedfromtheteam.有一项建议是布朗应该离队。suggest的用法详解一、有“建议”的意思。advise、propose也有此意,请比较它们用法的异同:1)都可接名词做宾语Shesuggested/advised/proposedanearlystart.她建议早一点出发。Wesuggested/advised/proposedavisittothemuseumthenextday.我们建议明天去参观博物馆。2)都可接动名词做宾语Isuggested/advised/proposedputtingoffthesportsmeet.我建议将运动会延期。Theysuggested/advised/proposedwaitinguntilthepropertime.他们建议(我们)等到恰当的时机才行动。3)都可接that宾语从句,that从句用should+动词原形,should可以省略。Shesuggested/advised/proposedthattheclassmeeting(should)notbeheldonSaturday.她建议班会不要在星期六举行。Wesuggested/advised/proposedthathe(should)goandmakeanapologytohisteacher.我们建议他去向老师道歉。4)advise可接动词不定式复合宾语,propose可接不定式做宾语。Iadvisedhimtogiveupthefoolishidea.=Isuggested/proposedhis/himgivingupthefoolishidea.我建议他放弃那愚蠢的念头。(suggest和propose在口语里可接动名词的复合宾语)。Weproposedtostartearly.=Weproposedstartingearly.我们建议早一点出发。(接不定式不用suggest和advise)二、有“提出”的意思。如:Hesuggestedadifferentplantohisboss.他向老板提出了一个不同的计划。XiaoWangsuggestedawaytosolvetheproblem.小王提出了一个解决这个问题的办法。三、有“暗示、表明”的意思,其主语往往是事物,而不是人。1)接名词或动名词做宾语。Thesimplehousesuggestedamodestincome.这座简朴的房子表明(房主的)收入并不高。Herpalefacesuggestedbadhealth.她脸色苍白,看来身体不好。Thethoughtofsummersuggestsswimming.一想到夏天,就使人们联想到游泳。2)接宾语从句,从句用陈述语气。如:Thedecisionsuggestedthathemightbringhisfamily.这个决定表明他可以把家属带来。Theexpressiononhisfacesuggestedthathewasveryangry.他脸上的表情表明他很生气。四、在主语从句Itissuggestedthat…及名词suggestion后面表示具体建议的表语从句、同位语从句都应用should+动词原形,should可以省略。如:Itwassuggestedthatwe(should)giveaperformanceattheparty.人们建议我们在晚会上表演节目。Hissuggestionwasthatthedebts(should)bepaidofffirst.他的建议是先把债务还清。Thedoctorsmadeasuggestionthatthenewhospital(should)notbesetuponthehill.医生们建议不要把新医院建在山上。

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