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Book7Unit5GrammarNon-restrictiveattributiveclauses非限制性定语从句限制性定语从句的概念：限制性定语从句对先行词起限制或修饰的作用，是先行词在意义上不可缺少的定语，如果去掉，主句的意思就不完整或失去意义。从句和主句的关系密切，写时不用逗号分开。例如：Thisisthesoldierwhosavedtheboy’slife.先行词引导词定语从句非限制性定语从句只是对先行词作些附加的说明,如果去掉,主句的意思仍然清楚。和主句关系不十分密切，从句和主句之间用逗号分开。eg:Romehasaverylonghistory.罗马是意大利的首都，有着非常悠久的历史。非限制性定语从句的概念：,whichisthecapitalofItaly,(1)限制性定语从句Hisbrotherwhoisnowadoctoralwaysencourageshimtogotocollege.他那个当医生的哥哥常鼓励他要考上大学。(2)非限制性定语从句Hisbrother,whoisnowadoctor,alwaysencourageshimtogotocollege.他的哥哥是当医生的，常鼓励他要考上大学。（“唯一”概念）（他还有其他的哥哥）（他只有一个哥哥）限制性定语从句常翻译为：“…的…”非限制性定语从句常翻译为:两个并列分句1.限制性定语从句和非限制定语从句的区别：2、运用非限制性定语从句的情况CharlesSmith,whowasmyformerteacher,retiredlastyear.Shanghai,whichisinEastChina,isdevelopingrapidly.Hisfather,whoworksinBeijing,camebackyesterday.当先行词是地名人名、世界上独一无二的事物或家庭唯一成员时，通常用非限制性定语从句。关系代词：who,whom,which,whose,as关系副词：whenwhere注意:1)that，why不能引导非限制性定语从句。2)在非限制性定语从句中，关系代词在从句中作宾语时不能省略。3.引导非限制性定语从句的关系词Hismother,_________loveshimverymuch,isstrictwithhim.他的妈妈很爱惜他,对他也很严格。Hiswife,_______youmetatmyhome,wasateacher.他的妻子，就是你在我家遇见的那个，是一位老师。（1）先行词指人，在从句中作主语，引导词用who:who（2）先行词指人,在句中作宾语，用whom，不能换成who,也不能省略。whom3.引导非限制性定语从句的关系词Herhouse,________wasbuiltahundredyearsago,stoodstillintheearthquake.（3）先行词指物,在句中作主语或宾语whichAfive-year-oldboycanspeaktwoforeignlanguages,___________surprisesallthepeoplepresent.注意：which引导非限制性定语从句时，有时指代前面整个主句。whichThegirl,________nameisKate,isthetopstudentinourschool.那个女孩是我们学校最优秀的学生，她的名字叫Kate。Thebook,_______coverisred,ismine.这本书是我的，它的封面是红色的。whosewhose（4）先行词在句中作定语，无论指人或者指物,引导词都用whose:Thesportsmeetingwillbeputofftillnextmonth，_______wewillhavemadeallthepreparations.运动会将被推迟到下个月，那时我们做好一切准备。ThenextdaywearrivedinNewYork,________wewereinterviewedontheradio.第二天我们到达纽约，在那里我们接受了电台的采访。when（5）先行词在句中作时间状语用when：（6）先行词在句中作地点状语用where：where先行词指人，介词＋whom先行词指物，介词＋whichThegirl,__________heisfamiliar,isafootballplayer.TheSecondWorldWar,___________millionsofpeoplewerekilled,endedin1945.第二次世界大战于1945年结束,它造成数百万人的死亡，withwhominwhich其他情况非限制性定语从句：1.介词+关系词引导非限制性定语从句2.表示数量的词如all/some/one/both/neither/none/any/either等+of+whom/which引导非限制性定语从句.1.Hehastoldusmanystories,allof_________areaboutthefamousLongMatch.2.ThestudentsofClass1,someof__________camefromJapan,wentcampingyesterday.whichwhomas常修饰整个主句，它的位置比较灵活,可置于主句前,中，后。(which只能放在主句的后面)常见as结构有：asiswellknown,asweknow,aswecansee,asweexpect。1).____Iexpected,hedidn’tbelieveme.正如我所预料的,他不相信我。2).YesterdayMr.Greenquarreledwithhiswife,________surprisedus.昨天格林先生同妻子吵架了,这让我们很惊奇。Aswhich3.关系代词as引导的非限制性定语从句但是当非限制性定语从句的谓语是否定形式时，通常用which引导,而不用as。e.g.:Hegotthefirstplaceinthecompetition,_______Ihadn’texpected.他在竞赛中荣获第一，这是我不曾预料的。which关系代词：__________________________关系副词：___________(非限制性定语从句中不用关系词____________；非限制性定语从句中关系词不能省略)非限制性定语从句中通常使用下列关系代词和副词Conclusionwhichwhowhomwhoseaswhenwherethatwhy1.Thefamousbasketballstar,_____comesfromAmerica,willvisitourschoolsoon.2.Inthosedays,sheusedtogotoMrblack,with______shehadawonderfultime.3.Alicereceivedaninvitationfromherboss,_______sheadmiredandrespectedverymuch.4.HewillcometoseemenextJuly,_______hewon’tbesobusy.5.Theschool,_______Ioncestudied,wasbuiltthirtyyearsago.6.Johnsaidhe’dbeenworkingintheofficeforanhour,_______wastrue.whomwho非限制性定语从句专项练习一：whomwherewhenwhich7.____isexpected,theEnglandteamwonthefootballmatch.8.Ihavemanyfriends,someof_______arebusinessmen.9.Thegrowingspeedofaplantisinfluencedbyanumberoffactors,mostof_________arebeyondourcontrol.10.ThisisMr.Li,in_______carwecametotheexhibition.11.Jimpassedthecollegeentranceexams,________surprisedeveryone.whomwhichwhosewhichAs二：用非限制性定语从句翻译句子。1.那个女孩是我们学校最优秀的学生，她的名字叫凯特。2.运动会将被推迟到下个月,那时我们将做好一切准备。Thegirl,whosenameisKate,isthetopstudentinourschool.Thesportsmeetingwillbeputofftillnextmonth,whenwewillhavemadeallthepreparations.3.第二天我们到达纽约,在那里我们接受了电台的采访。4.约翰有音乐天赋,他是一个5岁大的孩子。ThenextdaywearrivedinNewYork,wherewewereinterviewedontheradio.John,whoisfive,hasatalentformusic.1.Don’ttalkaboutthethingsof__________youarenotsure.2.Isthisthefactory__________youvisitedtheotherday?3.Isthisthefactory__________heworkedtenyearsago?4.Thewolveshidthemselvesintheplaces_______couldn’tbefound.5.Thattree,__________branchesarealmostbare,isveryold.6.Ihaveboughtthesamedress____sheiswearing.7.Mr.BlackisgoingtoBeijinginOctober,_______isthebestseasonthere.whichwhich综合练习一：wherewhosewhichaswhich8.Hefailedintheexamination,__________madehisfatherveryangry.9.We’retalkingaboutthepianoandthepianist______wereintheconcertweattendedlastnight.10.Those__________learnnotonlyfrombooksbutalsothroughpracticewillsucceed.11.WearegoingtospendtheSpringFestivalinGuangzhou,__________livemygrandparentsandsomerelatives.12.Whocanthinkofasituation__________thisidiomcanbeused?13.Thetwothings_____________theyfeltveryproudareJim’sgoldwatchandDella’shair.14.Thebattery______________therobottoyswereconnectedfailedtoworklastnight.thatwhichwhowherewhereofwhichtowhich15.Theprofessorhastwosons,bothof________areteachinginthesameuniversity.16.Thefilmbroughtthehoursbacktome________Iwastakengoodcareofinthatremotevillage.17.Therewasatime________therewereslavesintheUSA.18.Itisthethirdtime