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从属连词引导时间状语从句when当......时候表示某时刻或一段时间例：Itwasraininghardwhenwegottoschoolyesterday.昨天我们到学校时，雨下得很大。while正当......时表示一段持续的时间，谓语动词必须是延续性动词例：MotherwascookingthemealwhileIwasdoingmyhomework.当妈妈在做饭时，我正在写作业。since自......以来主句一般用现在完成时，从句用一般过去时。例：Ihavebeenmissinghersincesheleft自从她离开，我就一直很想念她。until/till直到......才用于否定句，主句谓语动词用非延续性动词。例：Theyoungmandidn’tgotobeduntilhismothercameback.这个年轻人直到他妈妈回来才去睡觉。直到......为止用于肯定句，主句谓语动词用延续性动词例：Theyoungmanreadtillthelightwereout.这个年轻人一直看书直到关灯。before在......之前例：Pleaseturnoffthelightbeforeyouleavetheroom.请在你离开房间前关灯。after在......之后例：Heoftendoeshishomeworkafterhehaslunch.他经常在吃完午饭之后写作业。as一边......一边......表示进展过程例：Asshegoouttheroom,sheturnedoffthelight.她一出这个房间就把灯关了assoonas一.....就......从句用一般现在时，主句用一般将来时。例：Hewillcallhisfriendassoonashegetsthere.当他到那里时他会打电话给他的朋友。引导条件状语从句if如果在条件状语从句中，从句用一般现在时，主句用一般将来时例：Ifyoudon’tstudyhard,youwon’tgetagoodgrade.如果你不努力学习，你就不会有一个好成绩。unless除非例：Hewon’tgotobedunlesshefinisheshishomework.他不会去睡觉除非他做完作业了。aslongas只要例：Aslongasyouworkforme,Iwillletyougetwhatyoudeserve.只要你为我效力，我会让你得到该得到的。引导原因状语从句because因为（表直接原因）语气强，常用于回答由why引导的问句，不能与so连用。例：Herleghurtbecauseshefelldownthestairsbyaccident.她的腿受伤了，因为她不小心从楼梯摔下来。since既让（表示已知的事实）语气稍弱，一般放在句首，强调主句的内容。例：Sinceyoudon'tlistentome,youarereadytofail.既然你不听我的话，你准备好失败吧。as因为（表明显原因）与since的用法相似，从句与主句具有同样的重要性。例：Asyouareverygoodtome,Iamwillingtorepayyou.因为你对我很好，我愿意回报你。引导让步状语从句though/although虽然、尽管引导让步状语从句时，不能与but连用例：Ilovehim.Thoughhemakesmeangrysometimes.我喜欢他，虽然他有时惹我生气。evenif/though即使例：Evenifyouareright,that'snotthewaytoputit.就算你说对了，你也不应该这样说啊！引导结果状语从句so...that如此......以至于......so后跟副词或形容词例：Heissocleverthatalltheproblemsarelessdifficultthanher.他是如此的聪明，以至于所有的难题都难不到她。such......that......such后加名词例：Heisagenerousteacher,somanystudentslovehim.他是慷慨的一位老师，因此很多学生都爱戴他。引导目的状语从句sothat以至于目的状语从句中往往带有情态动词can、could、may、may、might等例：Icangiveyouallthefactssothatyoucanjudgeforyourself.我把所有事实都告诉你，使你得以自己作出判断。引导比较状语从句than比......形容词或副词的比较级后加than例：Theytalkedonthephoneformorethananhour.他们在电话里谈了一个多小时。as...as...和......一样......（not）as/so加形容词或副词的原级后再加as例：Herunsasfastasacheetah!他跑得和猎豹一样快！notas/so....as...不如......例：Hewasn'tcleverasothers.他没有像别人一样聪明。引导地点状语从句where哪里例：Peoplebeganlookingacrosstoseewherethenoisewascomingfrom.人们开始四下察看，想弄清楚那声响来自何处。wherever无论哪里例：Somepeopleenjoythemselveswherevertheyare.有些人能够随遇而安。并列连词and“和”表示并列或顺承的关系例：BenandhisbrotherplayedhappilyYesterday.本和他的哥哥昨天在开心地玩。but“但是”表示转折的关系例：IpassedtheexambutIfeltunhappy.我通过了考试但我并不科学yet“然而”表示转折的关系例：Idon'teatmuch,yetIamasize16.我没有吃太多，但是我穿不进16码的衣服.or“或者”/“否则”表示选择或条件关系例：Youshouldn’tplaytoomanycomputergamesoryouwillbepooreyesight.你不应该玩太多电脑游戏否则你会近视的so“因此”/“所以”表示因果关系例：Vegetablesaregoodforourhealthsoweshouldeatmorevegetable.蔬菜对我们的健康有好处所以我们应该多吃蔬菜。for“因为”用来补充理由，语气弱，不能置于句子开头例：Don'tpunishyourchildforbeinghonest.不要因为你的孩子说了实话而处罚他。neither...or...两者都不.....例：Tousitisneithercomfortablenorsafe.它对我们既不舒适也不安全。either...or...或者......或者......例：Hemustbeeithermadordrunk.他要么是疯了，要么是喝醉了。notonly...butalso...不但......而且......例：Shenotonlybeautifulbutalsokindtoothers.她不仅美丽，而且对他人十分好。both...and...两者都......例：BothJackandIpassedtheexamwithoutdifficulty.杰克和我都轻松地通过了考试。however“不管怎样”表让步，修饰形容词或副词例：Howevermuchheeats,henevergetsfat.不管他吃多少，他永远吃不胖练习：1.HecanspeakEnglish_______Chinese.A.butB.alsoC.soD.and2.Physicsisnotsoeasy,_______Ilikeitverymuch.A.butB.orC.sinceD.because3.WillTomwaitforherathome______atthelibrary?A.orB.asC.sothatD.both4.Shehasason_______adaughter.A.butB.andC.soD.or5.I'llgiveherthegift______shearrives.A.soB.beforeC.assoonasD.since6.Tomwas____illthatwehadtosendforadoctor.A.soB.veryC.andD.too7.Thewomanwas____angry_____shecouldn'tspeakanything.A.neither…norB.either…orC.both…andD.so…that8.______wegothomeitwasverylate.A.WhenB.WhileC.BecauseD.As9.Weheardclearly_____shesaid.A.whatB.whichC.beforeD.because10.Ican'tsleepwellatnight,______Ioftenfeelverytiredintheday.A.soB.becauseC.andD.or11.Whenyou'relearningaforeignlanguage,useit,______youwillloseit.A.butB.orC.thenD.and12.---Canyouplayfootball?---Yes,Ican,______Ican'tplayitverywell.A.orB.andC.butD.so13.Studyhard,______youwillfallbehind.A.andB.butC.soD.or14.Myfavoriteisactionmovie______Ithinkit'sexciting.A.andB.becauseC.butD.so15.Theboyisverysmart,______manyofhisclassmateslikehim.A.butB.soC.orD.for16.Hehasneverheard______seensuchathingbefore.A.norB.andC.orD.since17._________John_______Iarepolicemen.A.Neither...norB.Either...orC.Both...andD.Notonly...butalso18.MrSmithteaches______well______hislessonsarenoteasilyforgotten.A.very...thatB.quite...butC.so...asD.so...that19.Hedidn'tgotosleep______hefinishedhishomework.A.tillB.beforeC.afterD.until20.Ididn'tbuythedictionaryyesterday________myauntwouldgivemeone.A.untilB.becauseC.ifD.before21.Therunnerfell_______hequicklygotupandwentonrunning.A.orB.andC.butD.down22.Waitformeintheroom_______Icomeback.A.untilB.andC.soD.or23.I'llreturnthebookstothelibrary______soonaspossible.A.asB.soC.justD.but24.Goalongtheroad,_______you'llfindthemarketattheendofit.A.whenB.andC.orD.though25.You'llbelate______youdon'tgetupearlytomorrowmorning.A.ifB.whenC.beforeD.until26.Itwaslate.Shewashedherface______wenttobed.A.