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人教新课标必修8Unit3WarmingupandReadingIUnit3InventorsandinventionsWarmingup:Ingroups,discusstheinventionsyouknowandthenmakealist.Warmingup-I(4m)Doyouknowwhattheseinventionsareandwhendidtheyhappen?Telephone1876television1923colourtelevision1940photocopier1937airconditioner1902electronicdigitalcomputer1942Atomicbomb1945Creditcards1950Penicillin1928Amongtheinventionsabove,whichinventiondoyouthinkisthemostimportantone?Why?Warmingup–II(2m)Whatisaninvention?AnInventionissomethingthatiscreatedbyahumanbeing.Inventingisascientificactivity.Warmingup-III(2m)Whatisadiscovery?Adiscoverymerelymakesknownsomethingthatalreadyexistedinnature.Lookatthepicturesbelowanddiscussinpairswhichpicturesshowinventionsandwhichshowdiscoveries.Pre-reading–I(4m)Anamphibiouscar(2003)Thisisthefirstcarthatcantravelsafelyonwaterandonland.Whenmovingonwater,thewheelsofthecarturnsidewaysandmoveintothebody.Theunderneathofthecarisstrongenoughtosailasaboat.Itisaprototypeandisnotyetbeingproducedforsale.Thisisaninterestingmoderninvention.Stephenson’s“Rocket”(1781-1848)GeorgeStephensonwasoneofthefirstmentodesignenginesfortherailwayswhichwerenewatthattime.OneofthefirsttrackstobelaidwasbetweenStocktonandDarlington.Stephensonwasoneofthefirstrailwayengineersandin1825hedrovethefirsttrainalongtheline.ThestructureofDNAThiswasadiscoveryofFrancisCrickandJamesWatsonandpublishedin1953.ThesetwoscientistswerethefirsttoshowthatourgenesconsistoftwospiralsofDNA(calledthedouble-helix).Thisworkleddirectlytothehumangenomeprojectin2003,whichdiscoveredtheStructureofDNA.Doyouknowthestageseveryinventormustgothroughbeforetheycanhavetheirinventionapproved?Inventingisascientificactivityandsofollowssimilarstagestothoseusedinscientificresearch.Lookatthelistandworkoutasuitableorder.ApplyingforapatentFindingaproblemDoingresearchTestingthesolutionThinkingofacreativesolutionDecidingontheinventionPre-reading–II(3m)Thesuitableorder:FindingaproblemDoingresearchThinkingofacreativesolutionTestingthesolutionDecidingontheinventionApplyingforapatentPatentoffice(专利局)playstheroleofdecidingwhatisaninventionandwhatisnot.Andonlyinventionscangetpatensandsoberecognizedandprotected.patentsReadingTheproblemofthesnakesSkimthewholepassageandgetthemainidea:Thetextnarrates_______________________andpresents_____________________andapplyingfor________.theproblemofthesnakestheproceduresofcatchingthemapatentReading-I(3m)Dividethetextintofourpartsandworkoutthemainideaforeachparagraph.PartIPartIIPartIIIPartIV(Para.1)Thediscoveryoftheproblemofthesnakes.(Paras2-3)Theresearchontheapproachestosolvetheproblem.(Para.4-6)Theattemptstocatchthesnakes.(Para.7-8)Therequirementofgettingapatent.Reading–II(5m)Scanning:Findoutwhichparagraphorparagraphsdealwitheachinventingprocessinthepassageandfindtheexamples:paragraphStagesExamplesinthisstoryFindaproblemThesnakemustbe________butnot______DoresearchLookfor________ofremoval;the______ofsnakesThinkofacreativesolutionIdentify_______possibleapproaches:choose______.removedharmedmethodshabitsthreeone123Reading–III(7m)TestthesolutionseveraltimesTry_____timestomakeitwork____________Applyforapatent4,5,67threeefficientlyFillintheformandfiledpatentapplicationwiththePatenOfficeDetailedreading:Answerthefollowingquestions:1.Whatwasthemotherupsetabout?2.Whywasthewriterhappytohelphermother?3.Whatarethethreecreativestepsthatthewritertakestocatchthesnakeswithouthurtingthem?4.Whydidcoolingmakethesnakeslessactive?+5.Discusswithyourpartnerwhattheadvantagesmightbeofgettingapatent.Reading–IV(5m)1.Whatwasthemotherupsetabout?2.Whywasthewriterhappytohelphermother?Themotherwasupsetbecauseafamilyofsnakeshadmadetheirhomenearthehouse.Thewriterwashappybecauseitgaveheranopportunitytohelphermotherandinventsomethingtocatchthesnakeswithouthurtingthematthesametime.3.Whatarethethreecreativestepsthatthewritertakestocatchthesnakeswithouthurtingthem?Step1:Sheboughtastainlesssteelicecreammakerandfrozethebowl.Sheaddedicecubestothetopofthebowltokeepitcold.Sheplaceditoverthesnakes’habitatduringthedaysothatthesnakeswouldbecomesleepyandcouldbeeasilycaught.Step2:Asaboveshedidthesamebutplacedthebowlsoverthesnakes’habitatintheevening.Step3:Asabovebutaddedanettocatchthesnakes.4.Whydidcoolingmakethesnakeslessactive?Snakesdonothaveawayofkeepingwarmintheirbodies.Theygetwarmthfromthesunandbecomemoreactiveatthistime.Whenthesungoesdownatnighttheycooldownandbecomelessactive.Soextracoolingtothesnakewouldmakethemevenlessactiveandeasiertocatch.5.Discusswithyourpartnerwhattheadvantagesmightbeofgettingapatent.Youareabletoprovethatyouarethefirstpersontomaketheinvention;Youarerecognizedasarealinventor;Youcanmakemoneyifyousellyourinventiontoothers.Matchthedifferentwritingcharacteristicswitheachwritingstyles:Formallanguagewithfewadjectives,notemotional,factualVividuseofwordswithsimilesandmetaphors,emotionaltodescribeatmosphere,notfactualbutimaginativeCreativewriting/storyDescriptionReportrecountReading–V(3m)Vividuseoflanguageandmoreinformalstyle,imaginativebutcanbebasedonfactNotusevividoremotivelanguageandstickstothefacts.Itisclearlysetoutandfollow