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I基于组态软件的供暖锅炉监控系统设计摘要工业锅炉是采暖供热系统的核心设备，它的主要任务是安全可靠、经济有效地把燃料的化学能转化为热能，进而将热能传递给水，生产出满足需要的蒸汽或热水。本文主要介绍的是通过组态软件（MCGS）做成的一套锅炉监控系统。大家都知道我们可以把锅炉分为三个相对独立的环节去控制：燃烧系统的控制，汽包液位的控制，过热蒸汽温度的控制。本文也采用了这样的分环节控制的方法。首先，用炉膛内的压力与饱和蒸汽的压力组成串级控制系统去控制燃料的供给量，继而控制了燃烧系统。当然为了安全起见我们还必须用一个压力传感器去测量炉膛内的压力。其次，用饱和蒸汽的温度和汽包的水位组成串级控制去控制给水量，继而控制汽包的水位。最后，用过了减温器的蒸汽的温度与过热后的蒸汽的温度组成串级控制去控制减温水的供给量，继而控制过热蒸汽的温度。该系统具有数据采集，实时控制，在线查询等功能，同时能够通过一些简单的传统控制（PID控制）对其进行相对稳定的控制。本文针对过路系统三个环节中的每个环节的单独控制（燃烧系统控制，汽包液位控制，过热蒸汽温度控制），得到了比较稳定的锅炉系统，同事又对其进行了较为良好的监控。关键词：组态软件；锅炉；串级控制；安全IIConfigurationSoftware-basedMonitoringSystemoftheBoilerAbstractIndustrialboilerheatingsystemisthecoreofheatingequipment,itsmaintaskisthathaveasafe,reliable,cost-effectivewaytomakefuelchemicalenergyintoheatenergy,thentheheattransferwatertoproducesteamorhotwatertomeettheneed.Thesafeoperationoftheboilerisnowthefocusoftheboilersystem,weshouldhaveacompletesetofmonitoringequipmenttomonitortheboiler,itcanbetimelytogetridofanumberofsecurityincidents.Inthispaper,itisaboilercontrolsystemmadebytheconfigurationsoftware(MCGS).Weallknowthatwecandividetheboilercontrolsystemintothreerelativelyindependentpartstocontrol:combustionsystemcontrol,drumlevelcontrol,temperaturecontrolofsuperheatedsteam.Thisarticlealsousedthismethodtocontrolit.Firstly,thepressureinsidethefurnaceandthecompositionofsaturatedvaporpressurecascadecontrolsystemtocontrolthefuelsupply,thencontrolofthecombustionsystem.Ofcourse,forsecurityreasonswemustuseapressuresensortomeasurethepressureinsidethefurnace.Secondly,theuseofsaturatedsteamtemperatureanddrumwaterlevelcontroltocontrolthecompositionofacascadeofwater,andthencontrolthedrumwaterlevel.Finally,weusedthesuperheatedsteamtemperatureandsteamtemperatureafterthecompositioncascadecontroltocontrolthesupplyofwarmwaterbyvolume,IIIandthencontrolthetemperatureofsuperheatedsteam.Thesystemhasdataacquisition,real-timecontrol,onlineinquiriesandotherfunctions,also,throughsomesimpletraditionalcontrol(PIDcontrol)therelativestabilityofitscontrol.Thispapercrossingsystem,everyaspectofthethreelinksinaseparatecontrol(combustionsystemcontrol,drumlevelcontrol,temperaturecontrolofsuperheatedsteam),hasbeenrelativelystableforaboilersystem,willthenbearelativelygoodforitscontrol.Keywords:configurationsoftware;boiler;serialcontrol;securityIV目录摘要...............................................................IAbstract............................................................II第1章引言........................................................11.1锅炉研究的背景和意义............................................11.2锅炉研究的现状和存在的问题......................................1第2章MCGS组态软件介绍..............................................42.1MCGS简介.......................................................42.2MCGS的功能和特点...............................................52.3MCGS的构成.....................................................72.4MCGS的工作方式.................................................72.5MCGS的操作方式.................................................92.6组建工程的一般过程.............................................11第3章锅炉工艺流程.................................................143.1锅炉工艺流程简介...............................................143.2锅炉控制中的控制参数...........................................153.2.1锅炉中的主要控制参数.......................................153.2.2锅炉参数之间的内在关系.....................................153.3锅炉设备的控制系统.............................................163.3.1锅炉汽包水位控制...........................................16V3.3.2锅炉燃烧系统的控制.........................................163.3.3过热蒸汽系统的控制.........................................173.4相关对象的动态特性.............................................183.4.1汽包水位的动态特性.........................................183.4.2压力的动态特性.............................................20第4章锅炉监控系统设计.............................................234.1设计方案.......................................................234.1.1汽包水位控制系统设计.......................................234.1.2燃烧控制系统的设计.........................................244.1.3过热蒸汽温度控制...........................................254.2工程的组态.....................................................264.2.1基于MCGS组态软件的人机界面图..............................264.2.2组态过程...................................................284.3脚本程序说明...................................................314.4系统简介.......................................................324.4.1监控系统的功能.............................................324.4.2实施方式...................................................34第5章MCGS环境下系统的模拟运行结果................................36第6章仪表选型、清单及概算.........................................406.1仪表选型.......................................................406.1.1执行器.....................................................40VI6.1.2温度测量仪表的选型.........................................406.1.3压力测量仪表的选型.........................................416.1.4液位测量仪表的选型.........................................416.2仪表清单.......................................................436.3工程概算.......................................................43第7章结束语..................................