药学英语模拟试卷1

1福建医科大学药学院2007级临药、药剂、药物分析《药学英语》试卷考试日期：2009年12月7日组别学号姓名题号一二三四五总分得分阅卷签名复核签名负责人签名日期得分签名一.将下列单词译成中文（每题0.5分，共10分）1.anesthetic2.routeofadministration3.parenteral4.decomposition5.capacityfactor6.partitioncoefficient7.gradientelution8.pharmacodynamics9.cationexchangeresins10.size-exclusionchromatography11.spectrophotometricdetector12.diodearraymulti-wavelengthdetectors13.differentialrefractometerdetectors14.fluorometricdetectors15.lineardynamicrange16.externalstandardmethod217.disintegrationtest18.simulatedgastricjuice19.labelledamount20.qualitycontrol得分签名二、将下列词译成英文(每题0.5分，共10分)1.新陈代谢2.受体3.给药途径4.溶解5.校准6.亲和力7.平衡8.基线9.衍生物10.等度11.鉴定,鉴别12.专属性，特异性13.精密度14.准确性15.稳定性16.提出物17.分析，试验18.添加剂19.利用20.效力，效价3得分签名三、判断题（TrueorFalse）(每题1分，共10分)1.Ordinaryfirecanalsobethoughtofasachemicalreactioninwhichthefuelandtheoxygenintheairreacttoformtheproductsofcombustion.【】2.NitrousoxidewassoonputintogeneraluseinsurgicaloperationsafteritsdiscoverybyHumphryDavy.【】3.Chemistryplayssuchanimportantpartinthelifeofmodernmanthatnoonecanwellunderstandtheworldinwhichheliveswithouttheproperknowledgeofchemistry.【】4.Theintroductorychemistrycourseshouldbeginataveryelementarylevelasmoststudentshavehadalmostnopreparationatallinchemistry.【】5.Theappropriateexperimentsdevisedandperformedbeforetheconstructionofthemodelareessentialtothesuccessofthewholeprocessofmodelbuilding.【】6.Asafirststep,collegestudentsinintroductorychemistrycoursesshouldbereadytoacceptaconcept,thentheymustunderstanditinphysicalterms.【】7.Peoplehavebeenduplicatingsomeofthenaturalchemicalsorsometimesproducingcompletelynewonessincethedawnofhumanhistory.【】8.Weshouldnotequateanaturallyderivedchemicalwithitssyntheticcounterpartsincetheimpuritiespresentinanaturalproductareboundtobedifferentfromthoseinitssyntheticcounterpart.【】9.Activeingredientsusedinfoods,drugs,andcosmeticsmaycausephysiologicalchangesinoronthebodywhentakeninternallyorappliedexternally,whileinactiveingredientsonlyfunctiontofacilitatetheultimateintakeorutilizationoftheactiveingredients.【】10.Foodadditives,mostofwhicharenaturalproducts,areaddedtofoodseitherdirectlyorindirectlyforthepurposesofimprovingnutritionalvalue,enhancingquality,reducingwastage,etc.【】4得分签名四、将下列句子译成英文（Translation）(每题2分，共10分)1.毫无疑问，植物王国仍然拥有许多种具有医药价值的植物，这仍有待于人们的发现。2.原始人类依靠大自然所提供的植物和草药来预防疾病，保持健康与活力。3.科学事实就是对大自然观察的结果，通常可以任意重复。4.要编撰一套既适合于基础差的学生，又可满足程度好的学生的化学教程并非易事。5.一种元素或化合物与其他东西相结合或起反应的方式就是该元素或化合物的化学性质。5得分签名五、将下列段落译成中文(共60分)1.Ion-exchangechromatographyisusedtoseparatewater-soluble,ionizablecompoundsofmolecularweightlessthan1500.Thestationaryphasesareusuallysyntheticorganicresins:cationexchangeresinscontainnegativelychargedactivesitesandareusedtoseparatebasicsubstancessuchasamines,whileanionexchangeresinshavepositivelychargedactivesitesforseparationofcompoundswithnegativelychargedgroups,suchasphosphate,sulfonate,orcarboxylategroups.Water-solubleionicorionizablecompoundsareattractedtotheresins,anddifferencesinaffinitybringaboutthechromatographicseparation.62.Thenatureofthephysicalandchemicalpropertiesofthesoliddrugparticleshasagreateffectondissolutionkinetics.Theeffectivesurfaceareaofthedrugmaybeincreasedenormouslybyareductionintheparticlesize.Becausedissolutionisthoughttotakeplaceatthesurfaceofthesolute,thegreaterthesurfacearea,themorerapidtherateofdrugdissolution.Thegeometricshapeoftheparticlealsoaffectsthesurfacearea,andduringdissolutionthesurfaceisconstantlychanging.Incalculation,itisusuallyassumedthattheparticlehasretaineditsgeometricshape.3.Thevariousexcipientsinthedrugproductmayalsoaffectdissolutionkineticsofthedrugeitherbyalteringthemediuminwhichthedrugisdissolvingorbyreactingwiththedrugitself.Forexample,excipientssuchassuspendingagentsincreasetheviscosityofthedrugvehicleandtherebydiminishtherateofdrugdissolutionofsuspensions.Tabletlubricantssuchasmagnesiumstearatemayrepelwaterandreducedissolutionwhenusedinlargequantities.Surfactantsmay,however,affectdrugdissolutioninanunpredictablefashion.Lowconcentrationsofsurfactantsaffectlowerthesurfacetensionandincreasetherateofdrugdissolution,whereashigherconcentrationsofsurfactantstendstoformmicelleswiththedrugandthusdecreasethedissolutionrate.74.PartlyspurredbyFDArequirements,pharmaceuticalresearchhasbecomeincreasinglyinterestedinwhathappenstodrugsaftertheiradministration.Insomecasesthemetabolicproductsofthedrugformedinvivoarebiologicallyactive,givingnewcluestothechemistforfurtherstructuralmodifications.Someresearcheffortsareunderwaytodesignprodrugs,whichdonotbecometherapeuticallyactiveuntilmodifiedbyaknownmetabolicsystemoftherecipient.Possibleadvantagesofthisapproachincludereductionofgeneralcytotoxity,betterinternalcontrolofactivedrug,orlongerdurationofaction.85.Inspiteofthefactthatplantshavebeenusedfortherapeuticpurposesformillennia,onlyarelativelyfewplantsorplantderivativesarecurrentlyofficiallyrecognizedintheUnitedStatesaseffectivedrugs.Thisislargelyduetothedifficultiesencounteredinplantdrugresearchandthelimitationsofscientificmethodologyemployed.Quiteoften,prematurepublicityonunconfirmedresearchdatahastaintedthereputa