solders-heart-士兵心理综合症

WhentheChildrenCryByWhiteLionLittlechilddryyourcryingeyesHowcanIexplainthefearyoufeelinsideCauseyouwerebornintothisevilworldWheremaniskillingmanandnooneknowsjustwhyWhathavewebecomejustlookwhatwehavedoneAllthatwedestroyedyoumustbuildagainWhenthechildrencryletthemknowwetriedCausewhenthechildrensingthenthenewworldbeginsListentoasongLittlechildyoumustshowthewayToabetterdayforalltheyoungCauseyouwerebornforalltheworldtoseeThatweallcanlivewithloveandpeaceNomorepresidentsandallthewarswillendOneunitedworldunderGodWhenthechildrencryletthemknowwetriedCausewhenthechildrensingthenthenewworldbeginsWhathavewebecomejustlookwhatwehavedoneAllthatwedestroyedyoumustbuildagainNomorepresidentsandallthewarswillendOneunitedworldunderGodWhenthechildrencryletthemknowwetriedWhenthechildrenfightletthemknowitain'trightWhenthechildrenprayletthemknowthewayCausewhenthechildrensingthenthenewworldbeginsSoldier’sheartInmostoftheliterature:aconflictbetweenjusticeandevilabattleofwitsademonstrationofmilitarypowersadisplayofnoblepatriotismadisplayofarevelationofhumanwickedness,crueltyandstupidity.Aboutthetext:Inthistext,theauthor’semphasisisonthementalconsequencesofwarstothesoldiers.Theauthortellsusthementalandpsychologicalscarsthewarleftonhim.TheauthorLouisSimpson(1923~)wasborninJamaica,WestIndies.HisfatherwasalawyerofScottishdescent,andhismotherRussian.HeemigratedtotheUnitedStateswhenhewas17andwenttostudyatColumbiaUniversityinNewYorkCity.HeservedintheSecondWorldWaronactivedutyinFrance,Holland,BelgiumandGermany.Whenthewarwasover,hereturnedtoColumbiaUniversitytofinishhisstudies.AfterthathebecameateacherofthatschoolandlatertheUniversityofCalifornia.LouisSimpsonhaspublished17booksoforiginalpoetryandiswidelyacclaimedasaliterarycritic.ThepresenttextisanabridgedversionfromhisnovelSoldier’sHeart.WarsMentionedintheTextTheGulfWar(海湾战争):ThisreferstotheconflictbetweentheUnitedStatesanditsalliesandIraqinearly1991,supposedlyforthepurposeofexpellingthelatterfromKuwait.TheWarinVietnam(越南战争）：HereitspecificallyreferstothewarbetweentheVietnamesepeopleandtheUStroopssenttoVietnaminsupportofthegovernmentofSouthVietnambetween1960and1975.TheGreatWar:ThisreferstotheFirstWorldWar(1914—1918).ThegulfwarTheVietnamWarWeaponsMentionedintheTextMachinegunMortarRifleHowdoweunderstandthetitleoftheessay?Whydoestheauthorlike“soldier’sheart”morethananyothertermsusedinthepastforthismentaldisorder?Theauthordon’tsupposemanyoftheirsoldiersintheGulfWarhavesufferedfromit,becausetheywereluckythattheydidnothavetofightforalongwar(TheGulfWarstartedinJanuary1991andendedinFebruarythesameyear).AfterVietnamitwascalled“post-traumaticstressdisorder”.（创伤后应激障碍）intheWorldWarIIitwascalled“combatfatigue”.(战斗疲劳症）IntheGreatWar,itwascalled“shellshock”(炮弹震荡症）IntheCivilWar,itwascalled“soldier’sheart”.(士兵心理病）Soldier’sheartisthebestname.Itdescribesanillnessthatinvolvedthesoldiers’heartasmuchastheirhead.Thismeansthattheirheartwouldbeatfaster,theywouldtrembleandsweatandloseconsciousness.VeteransDay(美国退伍军人节）DoyouknowanythingabouttheVeteransDayinAmerica?TheholidayiscelebratedonNovember11.At11:00,ceremoniesandspeechesareheldaboutthesoldierswhowereinthewar.Everyeleventhmonthandeleventhdayalsotheeleventhhourtheyhaveaparade.AftertheparadeVeteransstayedtobowtheirheadsattheirfriendsthatnevercamebackfromthewar.SomepeoplethinkVeteransisadayyoudon’tgotoworkorschool.Non-ViolenceTheauthorbelievesthatwarisapermanenthumancondition.Hesaysthatwarsshouldberemembered.Iswarreallyapermanenthumancondition?Arehumanbeingslikelytofightmorewarsinfuture?Canhumanbeingseventuallyfindwaystosolvetheirconflictspeacefully?Isthe21stcenturyheadingforlastingpeaceormorewars?