-美联储“量化宽松”货币政策的原因、影响与启示

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/2009.11、“”,,,。,“”,,,。“”,20012006,,,,“”。,,,,。,:()。,、。,。,“”。2009318,30001.25,40。,“”,:(1)7000(TARP),、、;(2)2,000(TALF),;(3)(PPIP),;TARP750~1000,,5000,1;(4),PPIP,“”,(FDIC)1:6,;,50%。,“”,,“”、:,“”。、。,,,,。::F831:A:,;,,,。39/2009.11。(),,,。,。,20081020096,1.589,2.675,200991.086,20083。,。,,、、、、。,,200912%,。,,。,。,10,,。,、,,。,“”。(),,2007918,,。20081216,1%1~0.25%。,20081220093,,,20093,103.0%,。,。,。,。(),,,。1,112%,,M29%。GDP-1%,110%,,。,2008990002,1,,,。。,、、。,,,,,40/2009.11———。。《》2009727,1520092.8%,45,。,,,,。、“”“”,,。“”,,。,,。()1.,“”,———。,,,,。“”。,,,。。2009318,,103%2.5%。,,,,。,,。,,,,,,。“”,。,,,,,。,,。2.,,,,。。,,,,“”。“”,,,,。,,“”,。,,,,。()41/2009.111.“”,。。,,。,7CPI,2.1%,60。,,。,、,,,。,“”。200933000,103%2.5%,150,。,,,。,、。,“”,,。“”,“”,,。2.““,,。,,,,。,,。,。,,,,。,。()“”“”,2009721,“”“”,:,;,,;,,;,310:Reuters.42/2009.11,;,。,,,“”,,,,。,,“”。,。2009813,,3000,,,,。,。,,。。,。、“”,,。、,“”,“”,。(),。,。,4、、、,、,。,GDP7.9%,7.1%。、、、,。,,。,,。,。(),,,—,。“”,,,。(),412380,7313412,43%,;,、、、320%。。,。,。,1~6,1.06,6.31。5.27,1.04。,。,,。,。,,43/2009.11,。,、,。,20096,2.1316,2,17.8%,1779。,2009347212,1200。,2009,,。,,,,,。,“”“”,,。“”。,,,;,“”,,,,。(:):[1].[J].,2006(5).[2].:[J].,2009(07).[3].[J].,2009(6).[4]TraceMayer,J.D.FederalReserveWillFailwithQuantitativeEasing..[5]PaulKrugman.Fiscalaspectsofquantitativeeasing..Abstract:TheFederalReservehasimplementedtheextraordinaryquantitativeeasingmonetarypolicytoconquertheglobalfinancialcrisis.Thepaperhasanin-depthanalysisonthereasonsaswellastheactiveandpassiveinfluencesofthispolicy.MeanwhiletheprecautionaryexitstrategyoftheFederalReservehasanimportantenlightenmenttoChinaonwhenandhowtotransformthemoderatelyloosemonetarypolicyinordertoavoidtheriskofhighinflationandassetbubble.Keysord:QuantitativeEasing;Inflation;AssetBubble;Impact44

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