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1一般疑问句、否定句、特殊疑问句的改法(150308)动词的分类Be动词：is,am,are,was,were助动词：do,does,did,has,have,had动词情态动词：can,must,may,should,等实义动词：run,eat,play,like,等等。陈述句改为一般疑问句的改法：一般疑问句：以be动词、助动词、情态动词为句首，句末有问号（？）的句子。例如：Issheadoctor.她是一名医生吗？Hasshegotanygrapes?她有些葡萄吗？（这里的has是助动词，got（get的原形）是有的意思。Canyoufly?你会飞吗？当句子中的谓语只有实义动词，没有be动词、助动词、情态动词的时候，句子变一般疑问句时要加do、does、did（do、dose的过去式）其中之一。如：Thefoxlikesgrapes.句子的谓语没有be动词、助动词、情态动词，只有likes，like是实义动词，因此，句首要加助动词；又因为thefox是第三人称单数，句首的助动词就用does.句子的就变成Doesthefoxlikegrapes?注意原来likes中的s，要删除。一般疑问句主语和be动词、助动词、情态动词倒装。没有这三类词时要加助动词。如：Sheisadoctor.Sheusuallygoestoschoolatseven.Issheadoctor?Doessheusuallygotoschoolatseven?记住：实义动词始终在主语的后面。注意：述句（句子后面只有句号的句子）给成一般疑问句时，一般情况下，还要把第一人称I、we、my、our改成you、your，把some变成any。如：Ihavegotsomeapples.Iammakingmyaeroplane.变成：Haveyougotanyapples?Areyoumakingyouraeroplane?WearewatchingTV.变成：AreyouwatchingTV?还要注意：如果has、have、had、do、does、did后面是名词时，has、have就不是助动词了，他们是实义动词。改一般疑问时不能提前（一般情况下，所有实义动词都不能提到主语前面），要根据时态加助动词do、does、did。如：Shehasbreakfasteveryday.Doesshehavebreakfasteveryday?练习，把下列的句子改成一般疑问句。21.HisfatherisanEnglishteacher.2.Thesecatsarecrying.3.Theycanswim.4.IliketoreadEnglish.5.Igotoschoolonfoot.6.HelikesEnglish.7.Hisfathergoestoworkbybus.8.Heiscryingunderthetree.9.HisbirthdayisonthetwentiethofNovember.10.Mrs.LiandKittyareinabigshop.11.Kittyiswearinghernewuniform.12.Theboyunderthetreeishungry.13.Hegoestoschooleveryday.14.Iwanttohaveamodelcar.15.Shewantsacupofcoffee.16.Mrs.LiandKittywatchtelevisionatnight.17.Idomyhomeworkafterschool.18.Ihavegotsomegrapes.19.Tom’sgotabird.20.KittyandTomhavegotadog.21.Ihavebreakfast(早饭)everymorning.322.Theydotheirhomeworkafterschool(放学).否定句的改法首先要认清“否”就是“不”的意思，在英语中就是not或not的省略形式n’t。否定句是在be动词、助动词、情态动词后加not或not的缩略形式n’t。人称不变化。实义动词不能直接加否定词，须加助动词doesn’t（第三人称单数）、don’t、didn’t。例如：IamEnglishteacher.改成：Iamnot（aren’t也可以）Englishteacher.Shehasgotsomeapples.改成：Shehasn’t（hasnot也可以）gotanyapples.注意：一些否定词hardly（几乎不）few（很少可数）little（很少不可数）nothing（没有）none（没有人或物）等也是否定词。含有此类否定词的句子也是否定句。amnot的否定缩略形式是aren’t如：Suyangoftenplaysfootball.可以改成：Suyangdoesn'tplayfootball(atall).Suyangseldomplaysfootball.Suyangneverplaysfootball.Some改成否定句一般也要改成any。练习，将下列句子改为否定句。1.HisfatherisanEnglishteacher.2.Thesecatsarecrying.3.Theycanswim.4.IliketoreadEnglish.5.Igotoschoolonfoot.6.HelikesEnglish.7.Mrs.LiandKittywatchtelevisionatnight.8.Idomyhomeworkafterschool.9.Ihavegotsomegrapes.10.Tom’sgotabird.11.Ihavebreakfast(早饭)everymorning.412.Theydotheirhomeworkafterschool(放学).13.Kittyoftengoestothecinema（去看电影）.特殊疑问句的改法：以特殊疑问词开头，对陈述句中的某一部分提出疑问/进行发问,回答时针对问句中的代词和副词来回答，不用yes或no,的句子叫特殊疑问句。特殊疑问句是以特殊疑问词为句首，句末有问号的句子。特殊疑问词包括what（什么）、when（什么时候）、who（谁）、which（哪个）、where（在哪里）和how（怎么）基本疑问词（5w，1h），和多种由基本疑问词变化的疑问词。如由what变化的的whattime（时间点）、whatday（星期几）、whatkind（什么种类）、whatcolor（什么颜色）、whatshape（什么形状）、whatlength（什么长度）等。由who变化的whose（谁的）、whom（谁，宾格）。由which变化的whichbook（哪个苹果）、whichpens（那支笔）等。由how变化的howlong（多长时间）、howsoon（多快，时间的快，多用在将来时态）、howoften（多久几次）、howold（多大，年龄大小）、howfar（多远，距离）、howmany/much（多少数量，many+复数，much+不可数）等。注意：特殊疑问句和一般疑问句一样，一般情况下要有倒装。如：Iamreading.Whatareyoudoing?但如果对主语的提问，则主语谓语不倒装。如：Kittylikesgrapes.Wholikesgrapes?What是对名词的提问。What’syournam?I’mTom.Whatareyoudoing?I’mreading.Whatdayistoday?ItisTuesday.Whatcoloristheball?Theballisred.Whatkindistheanimal（动物）？Theanimalisafish.Whatshapeisthesweet?Thesweetissquare.Whatlengthisthestring?Thestringis3centimeters.Who对谁或身份提问，以便进一步搞清情况。Whoisyourmother?Thewomaninredismymother.WhoistheboybesideMissFang?HeisKitty’sbrother.Whosepensarethese?TheyareBen’spen.Whom(who)doyoulike?Ilikemygrandfatherbest.Which对选择具体单位提问。Whichdoyoulikebest?Iliketheredpen.Whichbookisyours.Theyellowbookismine.5WhichpensisKitty’s.TheyellowpenisKitty’sHow对方式、程度、状况等提问。Howareyou?I’mfine.HowwillyougotoShanghai?IwillgotoShanghaibytrain.HowlonghasyourfatherlivedinBeijing?HehaslivedinBeijngforthreeyears.Howsoonwillyourfathercomeback?Hewillcomebackinfiveminutes.Howoldisyourbrother?Mybrotherissixyearsold.Howfarisyourschool?Myschoolis3milesawayfrommyhome.Howmanystudentsarethereinyourclass?Thereare60studentsinourclass.Howmuchisthepineapple?Thepineappleis5yuan.练习，对划线部分提问。一.划线提问：1.Wehavesixclassesinaday.2.Weplayhockeyonthefield.3.TheycanwatchTVathome.4.Weplaytheviolinafterschool.5.Therearethreegirlsintheroom.6.Icanbuyshoesinashop.7.Wecangototheparknextweek.8.Thewatchisseventy-twoyuan.9.Ilikesciencefieldtripverymuch.10.Theydoexercisesatten.11.Myfoothurts.12.TheAnimalHospitalisoverthere.13.Icanmakeapaperplane.14.That’saduckinEnglish.15.Thatisabike.616.MynameisLiPing.17.SheisRose.18.Mypenisinthebag.19.Jimisateacher.20.WeiHuaismysister.21.Thebagisfourdollars.22.It’ssixo’clock.23.MybirthdayisNovember11th.24.Heistwelve.25.Thebikeisblack.26.He'sfine.27.HelikesLiPing.28.Hewilllivewithhisgrandmothernextweek.29.Igotoschoolbybike.30.Sheispreparingforanexamnow.31Thepenisred.32Theboyinredismybrother.33ItisTuesday.34ItisSeptember21.35Theweatherwasfineyesterday.36Thepenistwodollars.37Sheisbeautiful.38.MissWangisourEnglishteacher.39I’minRow1.40.HeisNumber2.41.Twoplustwoisfour.42.It’saboutEnglishfood.43.Helikessummerbest.44.Thisbookismine.45.Thisism