译林版牛津英语八年级下册Unit-6知识点+测试卷

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1Unit6SunshineforallPartOneComicstrip重点全解1、I’mtrainingtobeavolunteerfortheOlympicGames.(P78)①train此处为及物动词(也可作不及物动词),意为“接受训练;培训等”例如:Heistrainingtobeadoctor.Weshouldtrainstudentstoformgoodhabits.②trainern.教练;traineen.接受训练的人,学员③training不可数名词,意为“训练”。例如:Youneedmoretraining.2、Willyousupportme,Eddie?(P78)①support此处为及物动词,意为“支持”。例如:Idon’tsupporthisopinion.②support作不可数名词时,意为“支持,拥护”。例如:Heneedsoursupport.③supporter可数名词,意为“支持者,拥护者”。例如:Ihavemanysupporters.3、It’smeaningfultodosomethingfortheOlympics.(P78)meaningfuladj.有有意义的;meaninglessadj.无意义的例如:Whathedidismeaningful.Hegavemeameaningfullook.4、HowcanIhelpthen?(P78)辨析:can与beableto易混词含义具体解析can能,会只是一般性的能力,指“有能力做某事”,只用于一般现在时(can)和一般过去时(could)可以用来表示请求、允许;beableto则不能可能用来推测,表示可能性,常用于否定句中beableto能,会强调具体事件中有能力,指“经过努力而成功地做某事”,可用于各种时态;不能与can连用;不能表示可能性的推测例如:Theboycanskate=Theboyisabletoskate.CanIcomein?Themancan’tbeMr.Green.HehasgonetoAmerica.5、Ineedsomemorefoodtoeatatwork.(P78)somemore意为“再来一点,再多一些”拓展:“数词+more+名词”=“another+数词+名词”。例如:Iwanttobuytenmoreapples.=wewanttobuyanothertenapples.PartTwoWelcometotheunitA重点全解1、blindadj.瞎的(P79)由blind构成的短语:goblind失明;turnablindeyeto对……佯装不见beblindto对……视而不见2、deafadj.聋的(P79)例如:Heisadeafman.Heisdeafofanear.拓展:①bedeaftoadvice意为“不听劝告”Tomisalwaysdeaftoadvice.2②turnadeafearto意为“对……充耳不闻”Don’tturnadeafeartowhatIsaid.B重点全解1、Whatarehomelesspeople,Daniel?(P79)homelessadj.无家可归的类似以后缀“-less”构成的单词:careless马虎的;useless无用的;harmless无害的;meaningless没有意义的;endless无尽的;helpless无助的2、Theycanprovidespecialplacesforhomelesspeopletostay.(P79)providesth.forsb.意为“为某人提供某物”,相当于providesb.withsth.例如:Theyoftenprovidehungrychildrenwithfood.Theyoftenprovidefoodforhungrychildren.简单辨析:give,provide与offer①providesth.forsb.=providesb.withsth.②givesth.tosb.=givesb.sth.③offersth.tosb.=offersb.sth.PartThreeReading重点全解1、LiuMingdidnotknowwhattoexpectwhenhevolunteeredfortheSpecialOlympicsWorldSummerGamesinShanghai,backinOctober2007.(P80)①expectvt.意为“期待,指望,预料”例如:Whatdoyouexpectmetodo?Iexpectthathewillpasstheexam.辨析:expect,hope与lookforwardto易混词具体解释用法expect指期待、盼望某事的发生,感情色彩强烈其后可接名词、动词不定式或从句作宾语,也可以接动词不定式作宾语补足语,例:IexpecttomeetmygoodfriendinPairs.hope“希望”,表示对意愿的实现抱有一定的信心,这种希望往往可以实现其后可接名词、动词不定式或从句作宾语,但不能接动词不定式作宾语补足语,例:Tommyhopesthatherfathercancometothemeeting.lookforwardto有主观上以愉悦的心情“盼望,期待”之意其中to为介词,其后可接名词、代词或动名词,例:IamlookingforwardtoChildren’sDay.②volunteer此处用作不及物动词,意为“志愿做,义务做”。例如:LastsummerIvolunteeredatthelocalhospital.拓展:voluntaryadj.义务的,志愿的Thecollegestudentsoftendosomevoluntaryworkintheirsparetime.2、ThespecialOlympicsWorldGamesgivechildrenandadultswithintellectualdisabilitiesachancetoshowtheirskillstotheworld..(P80)①givesb.achancetodosth.意为“给某人做某事的机会”例如:Iwillgiveyouachancetoexplainyourself.②句中的withintellectualdisabilities为后置定语,修饰childrenandadults。介词短语作定语一般要后置。例如:Thestudentsondutyarecleaningtheclassroom.③chance可数名词,意为“机会”,强调偶然性。例如:Doyouhaveachancetowin?Youhavenochancenow.3、TheyincludemanyeventssimilartothoseintheOlympics….(P80)3①event此处用作可数名词,意为“比赛项目;大事”。例如:Howmanyeventsarethereatyourschoolsportsmeeting?It’saneventinhistory.那是历史上的一件大事。②similaradj.意为“同样的,类似的”,besimilarto意为“与……相似”,其中to为介词,其后多接名词或代词例如:Mywatchissimilartoyours.拓展:besimilarin意为“在……方面相似”;bethesameas意为“与……相同”Theyaresimilarincolor.Mycoatisthesameasmyfriend’s.4、Thentheyprovidedsupportfortheathletesandhelpedmaketheeventagreatsuccess.(P80)maketheeventagreatsuccess意为“使本届特奥会取得很大的成功”,make+sb./sth.+名词结构,其中theevent是make的宾语,agreatsuccess为其宾语补足语例如:Hardlifemakestheboyaman.艰苦的生活使这个男孩成为一个男子汉WemadeTomourmonitor.拓展:make后还以接省略to的动词不定式、形容词、过去分词作宾语补足语。Don’tmaketheboycryanymore.Theboyoftenmakeshismotherangry.Ican’tmakemyselfunderstoodinChinese.5、Iwastheswimmingcoachforayoungboyfrom….(P81)①coach此处为可数名词,意为“教练”,复数形式为coaches②coach还可用作及物动词,意为“训练,指导”。③coach还可用作可数名词,意为“客车,长途汽车”。例如:Heisafootballcoach.Couldyouhelpcoachafootballteamforlittlekids?IwilltakeacoachtoNanjing.6、Hewasbornwithintellectualdisabilities.(P81)bebornwith…..意为“生来具有……”例如:Hewasbornwithaweakbody.他生来体弱。7、ToLiHai,themostimportantthingisnottowinagoldorasilver,buttotakepart.(P81)①not…but…意为“不是……,而是……”。例如:Jim’sfatherisnotateacherbutadoctor.Thebookisnothersbutmine.②gold此处用作可数名词,意为“金牌”。例如:Hewonmanygolds.拓展:gold还可用作不可数名词,意为“黄金,金子”;gold用作形容词时,意为“金黄色的,金质的”。Howmuchgolddoyouhave?你有多少黄金?ThegirlwithagoldwatchisMary.那个戴金表的女孩是玛丽。8、HefeelsmoreconfidentnowbecauseoftheSpecialOlympicsWorldGames.(P81)confidentadj.此处意为“自信的”,可以作表语或定语。其常见搭配有:beconfidentofsth.意为“对……有信心”;beconfident+that从句意为“确信……,对……有信心”。例如:Heisaconfidentperson.Maryisconfidentofpassingtheexam.=Maryisconfidentthatshecanpasstheexam.9、Yougettohelpthemachievetheirdreams…(P81)①gettodosth.此处意为“有机会做某事,得到做某事的机会”。例如:HegottotakepartintheOlympics.Hegottotryouthisnewidea.②gettosb.还表示“使某人恼怒或生气,影响某人”。例如:Don’tletthemgettoyou.不要让他们影响你。10、Iknowsomepeopleoffertohelpwithoutgettingpaidfortheevent.(P82)offertodosth.意为“主动提出做某事”。4例如:MaryofferedtohelpmewithmyEnglish.拓展:offersth.提供某物;offersb.sth.=offersth.tosb.Heofferedsomeadvice.Theyofferedushotwater.=Theyofferedhotwatertous.11、DidLiHaiwinfirstprize?(P82)①firstprize意为“一等奖”,当序数词表示名词时,其前的定冠词通常可以省略。例如:Hewonthirdprizeatlast.②prize此处为可数名词,意为“奖品,奖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