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神经外科英语词汇一诊断名词髓母细胞瘤Medulloblastoma室管膜瘤Ependymoma少枝胶质瘤Oligodendroglioma脑膜瘤Meningioma颅咽管瘤Craniopharyngioma神经瘤Neuroma听神经瘤AcousticNeuroma血管母细胞瘤Hemangioblastoma胶质瘤Glioma星形细胞瘤Astrocytoma胶母细胞瘤Glioblastoma畸胎瘤Teratoma胆脂瘤Cholesteatoma上皮样囊肿Epidermoidscyst脊索瘤Chordoma松果体瘤Pinealtumour生殖细胞瘤Germinoma骨瘤osteoma先天性肿瘤Congenitaltumour颈A-海绵窦漏Carotico-cavernousfistula头皮和颅骨损伤Scalpandskullinjury原发伤Primarylesions蛛网膜下腔出血Subarachnoidhemorrhage颅内血肿Intracranialhematoma/clot硬膜外血肿Epiduralhematoma硬膜下血肿Subduralheamtoma弥漫性轴索损伤diffuseaxonalinjury挫伤Contusion裂伤laceration继发伤Secondarylesions脑肿胀Brainswelling颅骨骨折Skullfracture脑脓肿Brainabscess脑膜炎Meningitis脑脊液漏CSFleak鼻漏Rhinorrhea耳漏Otorrhea化脓性脑膜炎PyogenicMeningitis耳源脓肿Otogenicabscess无菌性脑膜炎Asepticmeningitis硬膜下积液Subduraleffusions血管瘤Angiomas神经纤维瘤Neurofibroma蛛网膜囊肿Arachnoidcyst脊髓空洞Syringomyelia髓内肿瘤Intramedullarytumour颅内动脉瘤Intracranialaneurysm梗阻性脑积水Obstructivehydrocephalus头痛Headache视乳头水肿Papilloedema呕吐Vomiting偏盲Hemianopsia癫痫Epilepsy失语aphasia三叉神经痛Trigeminalneuralgia胶样囊肿ColloidCyst垂体卒中Pituitaryapoplexy二解剖名词中枢神经系统Centralnervoussystem矢状窦旁Parasagittal凸面Convexity溴沟Olfactorygroove脊髓Spinalcord颈段Cervicalsegment胸段Thoracicsegment腰(骶)段Lumbarsegment灰质Graymatter白质Whitematter白质前连合Anteriorwhitecommissure锥体Pyramid锥体束Pyramidaltract第4脑室Fourthventricle脑桥Pons小脑Cerebellum小脑回Cerebellargyri小脑半球CerebellarhemisphereProcedures鼻Nose内听道InternalauditoryMeatus寰椎Atlas寰枕的Atlanto-occipital面神经Facialn.位听神经Vestibulocochlearn.前庭神经Vestibularportion舌咽神经Glossopharyngealn.迷走神经Vagusn.副神经Accessoryn.舌下神经Hypoglossaln.颈神经Cervicaln.脊柱Vertebralcolumn颈椎Cervicalvertebrae胸椎Thoracicvertebrae腰椎Lumbarvertebrae骶椎Sacralvertebrae尾椎Coccygealvertebrae椎体Vertebralbody椎管Vertebralcanal椎孔Vertebralforamen椎弓Vertebralarch椎弓根棘突Spinousprocess横突Transverseprocess枢椎Axis颅骨Skull枕骨Occipitalbone枕骨大孔Foramenmagnum枕鳞Occipitalsquama枕外隆突Externaloccipitalprotuberance蝶骨Sphenoidbone蝶鞍Sellaturcica鞍结节Tubercleofsellae蝶窦Sphenoidalsinus颞骨Temporalbone乳突Mastoidprocess内耳门Internalacousticport顶骨Parietalbone额骨Frontalbone额结节Frontaltuber颅前窝Anteriorcranialfossa颅中窝Middlecranialfossa颅后窝Posteriorcranialfossa斜坡Clivus后交通动脉Posteriorcommunicatinga.脉络膜前动脉Anteriorchoroidala.大脑前动脉Anteriorcerebrala.前交通动脉Anteriorcommunicatinga.大脑中动脉Middlecerebrala.椎动脉小脑后下动脉Posteriorinferiorcerebellara.基底动脉Basilara.小脑前下动脉Anteriorinferiorcerebellara.小脑上动脉Superiorcerebellara.大脑后动脉Posteriorcerebrala.横窦Transversesinus乙状窦Sigmoidsinus枕窦Occipitalsinus上矢状窦Superiorsagittalsinus下矢状窦Inferiorsagittalsinus直窦Straightsinus海绵窦Cavernoussinus脑膜中动脉Middlemeningeala.颅内压增高Raisedintracranialpressure颅腔Cranialcavity脑脊液Cerebrospinalfluid额,顶,颞,枕Frontalparietaltemporaloccipital幕下Infratentorial侧面的Lateral桥脑小脑角Cerebello-pontineangle枕大孔Foramenmagnum四室Fourthventricul三症状体征名词低血压Hypotension高血压Hypertension放疗Radiotherapy并发症Complications发热Pyrexia感染infection中枢性高热Centralhyperpyrexia伤口感染Woundinfection尿路感染Urinaryinfection意识恶化Deterioratingconsciouslevel抗菌素Antibiotics肢端肥大Acromegaly眼睑肿胀Swellingoftheeyelids预后Prognosis深昏迷Deeplycoma神经胶质增生Gliosis退行发育,间变Anaplasia眼球突出Proptosis斜视ExternalStrabismus脱水Dehydration多尿Polyuria耳鸣Tinnitus麻痹Paralysis脑水肿Brainedema眩晕Vertigo头晕Dizziness晕厥Fainting偏瘫Hemiplegia幕上Supratentorial侧面的,旁边的Lateral抽搐Convulsion肢体Limbs尿崩症Diabetesinsipidus肥胖Obesity复视Diplopia眼震Nystagmus共济失调ataxia脑疝Herniation去脑强直Decerebraterigidity颈强直Stiffneck恶性的Malignant四手术名词活检BiopsyUlceration皮瓣Scalpflap骨瓣Boneflap探查Exploration额部入路Forntalapproach经蝶手术Trans-sphenoidaloperation全切Totalremoval分流Short-Circuiting血栓Thrombosis囊状A瘤Saccularaneurysm三叉Trifurcation分叉Bifureation保守治疗Conservativetreatment清血肿EvacuationofHaematoma经鼻蝶入路Trans-nasalsphenoidalapproach三叉神经微血管减压术Trigeminalmicrovasculardecompression开颅术Craniotomy肿瘤切除术Tumorresection全麻Generalanesthesia局麻Localanesthesia脑室体外引流externalventriculdrainage颅骨修补重建术Cranioplastyshrug(vt耸肩）intermittent(adj间歇的断断续续的）sternocleidomastoid(n胸锁乳突肌）deviate(vt偏离越轨）genioglossus(n颏舌肌）amyotrophic(adj营养的有关营养的）myasthenia(n肌无力）latter(adj后半的接近终老的）fasciculation(n簇生束状自发性收缩肌震束颤）volitional(adj意志的）agonist(n收缩筋）antagonist(n对立者对手敌手）synergy(n协同配合）dysdiadochokinesia(n轮替功能障碍）dysmetria（动幅障碍辨距不良）amplitude(n广大广阔振幅）titubation(n蹒跚）ataxia(n共济失调）stylopharyngeus(n茎突咽肌）overlap(vt部分重叠n重叠部分）hoarseness(n嘶哑刺耳）accessory(n附件配件）innervate(vt受神经支配促使活动）sternocleidomastoid(n胸锁乳突肌）intermit(v中断）protrusion(n伸出突出）deviate(vt偏离越轨）genioglossus(n颏舌肌）amyotrophic(adj肌萎缩的）myasthenia(n肌无力）latter(adj后半的接近终了的后者的）fasciculation(n束状簇生自发性收缩肌震束颤肌束抽搐）volitional(adj意志的）agonist(n收缩筋）antagonist(n对立对手敌手）synergy(n协同配合）dysdiadochokinesis(n轮替运动障碍）dysmetria(n辨距不良，动幅障碍）amplitude(n广大广阔振幅）tremor(n震颤发抖）titubation(n蹒跚）tandem(n串联）clonus(n阵挛）random(adj任意的无计划的随机的）circuit(n电路线路环行环行道）discriminate(vt分别区别区分vi歧视）spasticity(n痉挛状态强直状态）hyperreflexia(n反射亢进）hypotonia(n张力减退）diminish(vt减小缩小）myelopathy(n脊髓病骨髓病）spontaneous(adj自发的无意识的天真的帅直的）inspect(vt检查检验视察）presence(n出席到场仪表仪态）imply(vt暗示暗指）denervate(v切除神经）lateralspinothalamictrace(n脊髓丘脑侧束）column(n圆柱柱）somatotopical(adj躯体定位区的）lamination(n叠片结构）dermal(adj皮肤的真皮的）auscutation(n听诊）asymmetry(n不对称）microcephaly(n小头畸形）premature(adj过早的提前的未到期的早产的）suture(n缝合缝伤口缝线vt缝合伤口）fusion(n熔合联和合并）symptomatic(adj症候的症兆的有症状的根据症状的）prominence(n声望杰出突出重要要事）