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11知识要点：1、倒装句（Inversion）英语的基本语序是“主语+谓语”。如果将谓语的全部或一部分放在主语之前，这种语序称为“倒装”。一、倒装的类型类型例句说明完全倒装Outrushedthestudentstowelcometheforeignfriends.学生们涌出去欢迎外国朋友。整个谓语移至主语之前。部分倒装Seldomdoeshegotoschoollate.他上学很少迟到。只把系动词，情态动词，助动词或表语放在主语之前。二、倒装结构的基本用法1、由于语法结构的需要而使用的倒装情况例句说明疑问句中Haveyougotadictionary?WheredidhegolastMonday?Areyoulisteningtotheradio?Whotoldyouthenews?Whichboybrokethisglass?用完全或部分倒装，但以疑问词或疑问词修饰的名词作主语的疑问句要用正常语序。“therebe”结构中Therearethreewellsinourvillage.Therewillbeapartytonight.在以there,herenow,then,just,out,in,up,down.away,bang等方位或拟声词的副词开头的句子中，且谓语为be,stand,lie,come,go,fall等Hereisaletterforyou.这儿有你一封信。Theregoesthebell.铃响了。Nowcomesyourturntoplay.现在轮到你玩了。Awaywentthecrowdonebyone.Incameourteacher.Outrushedtheboys.一般使用完全倒装结构。但如果主语是代词则用正常语序。Look,therehecomes!看，他来了。Downshewent她下来了。在以nor,Neither,nomore或者so开头的句中Ican’tswim,nor(neither)canshe.我不会游泳，她也不会。Hedidnotturnup.Nomoredidhiswife.他没有来，他妻子也没有来。表示“…也不”,neither和nor意思相同,可以替换使用,So表示“…也一样”时用倒装，但仅用于肯定对方所说的内容时用正常语序。so+动词+主语“…也是如此”neither/nor+动词+主语表示两人的同样一个情况时，只能表示一件事，即上、下句所使用的动词、时态要一致。否则要用soitiswith…MybrothercanspeakFrench.Socanmysister.Itisasunnyday.Soitis.例如：Youcanrideabike.SocanI.HehasbeentoBeijing.SohaveI.Thefirstoneisn’tgood,neitheristhesecond.例如：Hisuncleisaworkerandhasbeenworkinginthefactoryformorethantenyears.Soitiswithhisaunt.22情况例句说明用在as（尽管）引导的让步状语从句中Proudasthenoblesare,heisafraidtoseeme.尽管这些贵族很傲慢，他却害怕见我。Youngasheis,heknowsalot.虽然他年轻，却知道很多东西。从属连句as用于特殊语序，含义与though,although相同，但“as”这种结构可表示非常强烈的对照，必须用倒装（表语提前,部分倒装）,Though引导的句子可倒装也可不到装，although引导的句子不可倒装2、为了加强语气而使用的倒装。（使句子更加流畅，更加生动）情况例句说明含有否定意义的副词或连词放在句首时Neverbeforehaveweseensuchasight.以前我们从来没有见过这样的情景。LittledidIthinkthathecouldbebackalive.Notonlywaseverythingthathehadtakenawayfromhim,butalsohisGermancitizenship.不仅他所拥有的一切都被剥夺了,而且连他的德国公民权也被剥夺了。常用否定词有:never,not,hardly,scarcely(几乎不),seldom,little,barely(几乎不),rarely(很少的),bynomeans,innoway,atnotime,notuntil,notonly…butalso,nosooner…than,hardly(scarcely)…when等。一般主句用部分倒装结构。当notonly…butalso连接主语成分时，句子用正常语序。NotonlyJackbutalsomanyothersenjoypopmusic.副词only放在句首时Onlythendidherealizehismistakes.Onlyinthiswaycanyoulearnmathswell.only起强调作用，其句型为“only+状语+部分倒装”。如置于句首的only修饰主语，则不用倒装结构。OnlyMothercanunderstandme.Onlythreeofusfailedintheexam.虚拟语气条件从句中Weretheyhere,theywouldhelpus.HadIbeeninformedearlier.Icouldhavedonesomething.Shouldyoufail,takemorepainandtryagain.把从句中if省略将were，had或should放在主语的前面。直接引语的全部或一部分放在句首时“Heisacleverboy”saidtheteacher.“Go,Dick,go!”criedTom,“Gohomeandgethelp”“Whatdoyouthinkofthefilm?”heasked.“I’mleavingforHongkongnextmonth”Marytoldmeyesterday.主句主语和谓语次序颠倒，用完全倒装。但如果主句主语为代词时或谓语部分比主语长，一般不用倒装。表示祝愿的句子中Mayyousucceed!祝你成功。LonglivetheCommunistPartyofChina.中国共产党万岁！谓语动词或谓语的一部分放在主语的前面。在频度状语often,always,manyatime等开头的句子中Oftendidwewarnthemnottodoso.我们曾多次警告他们不要这样做。ManyatimehasshehelpedmewithmyEnglish.她不止一次地帮助或学习英语。在方式状语thus开头的句子中及程度状语so放句首Thusendedhislife.这样结束了他的生命。Soloudlydidhespeakthatevenpeopleinthenextroomcouldhearhim.他讲话的声音那样大，连隔壁屋子里的人都听得见。表地点状语的介词短语放在句首。Inthemiddleoftheroomstoodalittlegirl.在房间中央站着一个小女孩。Inthedistancewasahorse.马在远处。一般使用完全倒装结构。但如果主语是代词则用正常语序。33倒装句练习(I)1.Neverinmylifesuchathing.A.IhaveheardoforseenB.IhadheardoforseenC.haveIheardoforseenD.didIhearoforseen2.SeldomTVduringtheday.A.theywatchB.aretheywatchingC.havetheywatchedD.dotheywatch3.Notuntilhiscomradescriticizedhimtoadmithismistake.A.doeshebeginB.didhebeginC.beganheD.hadhebegun4.Notonlyapromise,butalsohekeptit.A.didhemakeB.hemadeC.doeshemakeD.hashemade5.norreadEnglish.A.Can’theeitherwriteB.HecanneitherwriteC.CanheneitherwriteD.Neitherhecanwrite6.Onlywhenthousandsofflowersbloomtogether.A.springwillbeconsideredhereB.couldspringbeconsideringhereC.canspringbeconsideredhereD.springcanbeconsideredhere7.hisappearancethatnoonecouldrecognizehim.A.SowasstrangeB.WassostrangeC.SostrangewasD.Strangesowas8.andcaughtthemouse.A.UpthecatjumpedB.ThecatupjumpedC.UpjumpedthecatD.Jumpedupthecat9.“Itwascoldyesterday.”“.”Whichofthefollowingiswrong.A.SoitwasB.SoisittodayC.SowasitthedaybeforeD.Soitdid10.andthelessonbegan.A.IncameMr.BrownB.Mr.BrownincameC.IncameheD.CameinMr.Brown4411.Onthewalltwolargeportraits.A.hangsB.hangC.hangedD.arehanging12.NeversuchawonderfulplaceasHangzhou.A.haveIseenB.IhaveseenC.HadIseenD.Ihadseen13.,shewasverybrave.A.GirlasshewasB.AsshewasagirlC.AgirlasshewasD.Girlaswasshe14.Littlethatshewasseriouslyillherself.A.SusanknewB.didSusanknowC.knewSusanD.wasSusanknown15.Suchtheresultsoftheexperiments.A.isB.wasC.areD.asbe16.Ididn’treadthenotice..A.SodidheB.Neitherdidn’theC.NordidheD.Hedidn’t,too17.,Iwouldhavephonedyou.A.IfIknewitB.HadIknownitC.IfIknowitD.DidIknowit18.“Theyhavedoneagoodjob.”“.”A.SotheyhavedoneB.SotheyhaveC.SohavetheyD.Soisit19.Nowyourturntorecitethetext.A.thereisB.hascomeC.comesD.willcome20.Hardlytherailwaystationwhenthetrainstarted.A.didIreachB.hadIreachedC.IreachedD.Ihadreached21.“IliketowatchTVplays,butIdon’twatchTVeveryevening.”“.”A.SodoIB.SoIdoC.IdosoD.Soitiswithme22.Rarelysuchasillything.A.haveIheardofB.IhaveheardofC.hearIofD.wasIheardof23.therainstop.thecropswouldbesaved.55A.DidB.ShouldC.WouldD.Will24.Seldom