秦山核电公司职业安全管理对策研究

上海交通大学硕士学位论文秦山核电公司职业安全管理对策研究姓名：张勇申请学位级别：硕士专业：工商管理指导教师：王德忠200905242011“”OHSMSSWOT,,RESEARCHOFOCCUPATIONALSAFETYMANAGEMENTSTRATEGYFORQINSHANNUCLEARPOWERCOMPANYABSTRACTQinshanNPPisthefirstnuclearpowerplantinChineseMainlandanditisdesigned,constructedandoperatedwithdomestictechnology.Nowadays,withthedevelopmentfortwodecades,thereare11unitsinoperatingandotherseveralunitsunderconstructing.ThenewopportunityismadebytheadjustedpolicyforChineseNationalEnergyStructureandapprovedforDevelopmentPlanofNuclearPower.Thestatement“SafetyisthelifeofNuclearPower”istheruleofnuclearpowerindustryallalong.Thenuclearpowersafetyculture,centeredbythenuclearsafetyculture,isformedgraduallyinthisindustry.Theexistenceanddevelopmentconditionofnuclearpowerisbasedonitssafety,itisalsospeededupandbenefitbythesatisfyingperformanceofsafetymanagement.Thispaperintroducesthecriteriaandprincipleofmanagementanddesigningfornuclearpowerplantsoccupationalsafetybothinhomeandabroad.Accordingtothesystems’propertiesinPWRnuclearpowerplant,theboundariesbetweenthesafetyanalysisunitsaredeterminedandspecifiedsafetyanalysismodeareselectedtoclassifytheoccupationalhazardsandevaluatetherisks.Thepossiblestrategiesareputforwardagainsttheevaluationresults.AccompanyingtheoperatingpracticesinQinshanNuclearPowerCompany,theoccupationalhealthandsafetymanagementsystem(OHSMS)anditsrelevantelementsarebuiltup,includingtheorganization,indicatingsystemofsafetyperformance,controlmethodtosafetyrisks,conditionreportssystem,occupationalHealthandSafetyManagementSystem(OHSMS).ThesesystemsprovedeffectiveandpracticablewiththeapplicationinQNPC.UsingtheSWOTanalysismethod,thispaperanalysesthesafetymanagementsituationhavingtobefacedinQNPC.Alongwithorganizationalbehavior,humanresourcemanagementandstrategymanagement,itstudiesdifficultieswethefacedtoOHSMSinQNPCandintroducesthemeasurestoOHSMSimprovement.Italsointroducestheviewpointonenhancingsafetycultureconstructing,occupationalsafetyriskmanagement,self-assessment,humanfactorimprovement,cognizingtheexpectationbetweenthestaffandmanagers,andbuildingthefellowshipbetweentheownerandcontractors.TheapplicationofOHSMSisupgradingthelevelandtheperformanceofsafetymanagementinQinshanNuclearPowerCompany.KeyWords:QinshanNPP,OccupationalSafety,StrategyResearch200952520095252009525MBA111.11.1.1501954500019579[1]200831439104123920072608015%77%35.3%27.5%26%19.4%16%[2]1.1.2200782.86%2%[3]200510“”[4]1.1.32080201991121530MBA21994232101996200711907.8628.62592.631.93[3]200511200864AP10002EPR[5]200820071020052020“”202040001800[6]20082020700018001.21.2.1IAEA1303611150TWeY1012/1/431/101/110[7]20MBA31.2.21986[8]IAEA90OHSMS1999[9]OHSMSOHSMS[10]1989EU1992EU19961998SafetyandHealthProgramRule,[9]1.2.31MBA42[11]“”MBA51999OHSMS200112[12]OSHMS1.3QNPC140030301991121994419957200812313262001469“”200822920081226201310[13]1.4“”“”MBA61.5MBA722.12.1.1[14]1“”“”23452.1.2(1)GB18871-2002“”“”“”(2)2.2MBA8[15]3%U235[8]11Figure1DiagramFlowofPressurizedWaterReactor2.2.11()2MBA93,2.2.2--22Figure2ProcessingFlowofConventionalIslandMBA102.2.32.31BOP234MBA1185dBA85dBA562.42.4.11MBA12232.4.2[16](SCL)(PHA)(FMEA)(HAZOP)(HE)(FTA)(ETA)—MBA132.4.31a.b.c.d.a.b.c.d.1e.2f.1Table1PreliminaryHazardAnalysis(1)(2)MBA142Table2RankClassficationofHazard()(2)(D)3(L)4(E)5(C)6D=LEC33Table3HazardCategoryiesandHazardValuesD320160320701602070204LTable4PossibilityValuesLofAccidentHappening106310.50.20.15ETable5FrequentnessValuesEofExpoursingtoHazardEnvironment1063210.5MBA156CTable6ResultValuesCofAccidentHappened10040157312.4.411726282845.16%3454.84%MBA167Table7EvaluationResultsofPreliminaryHazardAnalysis(1)(2)12()3456()12,330mAs12()312456()78()123(),456,1278,9,10,1112131415161718MBA177Table7(cont.)EvaluationResultsofPreliminaryHazardAnalysis(1)(2)1()2345616N7891011121314151612LOCA3412()34561.2.3.3.1ALARA234()56789MBA188Table8HazardEvaluationResultsofWorkingConditionLECD=LEC131721230.5710.533139431395317216313973139831399313910313911123612323181333327143231815317211632742173274218323181933763200.5334.521127142213721233376324137212513721260.567212713154528131545291339300.261518311315453216318330.563934137213513721361339370.5613MBA198Table8Cont.HazardEvaluationResultsofWorkingConditionLECD=LEC380.5334.5390.53710.54013721410.561545420.5334.5430.53710.544163184516318461674247131545480.53710.54913721500.53710.5510.53710.5520.53710.5530.56395416318550.56395613721573172158167425930.51522.5600.2633.661137216213721MBA202.52.5.11αβγ22.5.21300MBA21502324MBA225GIS62.5.31MBA232345//62.6MBA2433.133Figure3ProductionOrganizationChartofQNPC1/////////////ALARAMBA252ALARAIAEAWANO2-33//3.2MBA263.33.3.1WANO20082006WANO9[17]92006WANOTable9WANOPerformanceIndicatorsofNuclearPowerUnitsinChineseMainlandin20062005WANO/1#1#2#1#2#1#2#1#2#/%91.8480.3299.8855.2488.7890.0892.4496.3486.7386.7591.81/%0.290.870.0510.110.000.080.030.070.221.610.33/%0.051.080.0515.470.000.200.030.070.251.240.157000h/0.000.000.001.400.000.000.850.000.000.000.000.000080.0000.00090.00010.00000.00010.0000.00000.0000.00070.00000.00160.0000.00020.00000.00030.00000.0000.00000.0000.0