21高中英语人教版选修8语篇提能

语篇提能阅读理解AWhenaSwedishshipthatsankin1628wasrecoveredfromtheportofStockholm,historiansandscientistswereoverjoyedwiththechancetoexaminetheremainsofthepast.Theshipconstructionshowedhowshipswerebuiltandoperatedduringtheseventeenthcentury.Inthisway,artifacts,objectsmadebyhumanbeings,providedapictureofdailylifealmost400yearsago.Underwaterarchaeology—thestudyofships,aircraftandhumansettlementsthathavesunkunderlargebodiesofwaterisreallyaproductofthelast50years.Therapidgrowthofthisnewareaofstudyhasoccurredbecauseoftheinventionofbetterdivingequipment.BesidestheSwedishshipwreck(残骸),underwaterarchaeologistshavemademoreexcitingdiscoveriessuchasthe5000­year­oldboatsintheMediterraneanSea.Underwaterarchaeologycanprovidefactsaboutthepast.Inancientportsallovertheworldareshipssunkeninthepast6000years.Therearealsosunkensettlementsinseasandlakestellingofpeople'swayoflifeandtheirsystemsoftradeinancienttimes.Underwaterarchaeologistswanttostudytheseobjectstoaddtotheworld'sknowledgeofhistory,buttheyhavetofighttwoenemies.Oneenemyistreasurehunterswhodiveforancientartifactsthattheycanselltocollectors.Oncesold,theseobjectsarelosttoexperts.Thesecondenemyisdredgingmachines(挖掘机)oftenusedtorepairports.Thesemachinesdestroywrecksandartifactsorburythemdeeperundersandandmud.Byteachingthepublicabouttheimportanceofunderwater“museums”ofthepast,archaeologistsarehopingtogetsupportfromlawstoprotectunderwatertreasures.语篇解读本文主要介绍水下考古学有关历史、意义和面临的困难等等。1．WhatpurposedoesParagraph1serveinthepassage?A.Toprovidebackgroundinformationofthetopic.B.Toattractreaders'attentiontothetopic.C.Touseanexampletosupportthetopic.D.Toofferbasicknowledgeofthetopic.答案与解析C推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句“Inthisway,artifacts,objectsmadebyhumanbeings,providedapictureofdailylifealmost400yearsago.”和第二段的第一句“Underwaterarchaeology—thestudyofships,aircraftandhumansettlementsthathavesunkunderlargebodiesofwaterisreallyaproductofthelast50years.”可知答案。2．Theaimofunderwaterarchaeologyisto________.A.exploitwaterbodiesB.searchforunderwaterlifeC.studyunderwaterartifactsD.examineunderwaterenvironment答案与解析C细节理解题。从最后一段的第四句“Underwaterarchaeologistswanttostudytheseobjectstoaddtotheworld'sknowledgeofhistory”可知答案。3．Underwaterarchaeologistsareworriedbecause________.A.seahuntershavebetterdivingequipmentB.theirknowledgeofworldhistoryislimitedC.dredgingmachinescausedamagetotheportsD.soldartifactscanhardlyberegainedforresearch答案与解析D细节理解题。根据最后一段的“Oncesold,theseobjectsarelosttoexperts.”可知答案。4．Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?A.Tointroduceayoungbranchoflearning.B.Todiscussthescientists'problems.C.Toexplainpeople'swayoflifeinthepast.D.Todescribethesunkenships.答案与解析A主旨大意题。从第二段第一句话“Underwaterarchaeology—thestudyofships,aircraftandhumansettlementsthathavesunkunderlargebodiesofwaterisreallyaproductofthelast50years.”可知全文主要介绍水下考古研究。BThediscoveryofadwarfed(矮个的)“humanbeing”wholivedinFlores,Indonesia(印度尼西亚),upto18000yearsagoischangingthewaywethinkaboutthehumanfamily.This“FloresHuman”wasthreefeettallandherbrainwassmallerthanthatoftheaveragechimp(黑猩猩),yetsheandherrelativesapparentlylivedfullyhumanlives.Theyseemedtohavemadetools,workedtogethertofindfoodandcookit，andperhapsevenburiedthedeadwithceremony.Itwasabigsurprisetofindtoolsassociatedwiththenewhumanfamilymember.ThetoolsarelikethoseformerlyseenonlywithEuropeanfossils(化石)fromourownspecies,Homosapiens(智人),andtheoldestofthemweremade94000yearsago.Homosapiensisthoughttohavearrivedintheislandabout40000yearsago,muchtoolatetoberesponsibleforthetools.Ifthis_tiny_humanmadethetools,thentheinsidestructure(结构)ofitsbrainmusthavebeenmorelikeourownthanachimp's,despitebeingjustathirdthesizeofours.This“newhuman”wassuspectedtobeadwarfedbranchofHomoerectus(直立人).Whencreaturesareseparatedinregionswithrareresourcesbutfewenemies，beingbigisadisadvantage,andevolutiontendstoshrinkthem,aprocessknownasislanddwarfing.Couldnaturalselectionmakeahumansmallerwhilekeeping—evenimproving—mentalability?Quitepossibly,believesChristopherWillsoftheUniversityofCalifornia.5．Whatdidthedwarfed“humanbeings”looklike?A.Theywerenotsmall.B.Theywereverytall.C.Theywere30inchestall.D.Theywere36inchestall.答案与解析D细节理解题。根据第一段第二句“This‘FloresHuman’wasthreefeettallandherbrainwassmaller...”看出这些矮人有三英尺高，一英尺等于12英寸。故选D项。6．Accordingtothepassage,“FloresHuman”________.A.livedapartlyhumanlifeB.wasabranchofHomosapiensC.usedtoolsbeforeHomosapiensarrivedD.hadabrainasacommonchimp's答案与解析C细节理解题。由第二段第一句“Itwasamajorsurprisetofindtoolsassociatedwiththenewhumanfamilymember.Thetools...ago.”推出C项正确。7．Theunderlinedpart“thistinyhuman”inParagraph2refersto________.A.achimpB.FloresHumanC.HomosapiensD.Homoerectus答案与解析B词义猜测题。结合第一段的“adwarfed‘humanbeing’...This‘FloresHuman’...”，以及第三段的“This‘newhuman’was...”可看出，thistinyhuman意指“FloresHuman”。