高中英语unit4Astronomy:thescienceofthestars第1课时Warmingup&Reading强化练习新人教版必修3Ⅰ.单词拼写1.This________(理论)ishelpfultoexplainhowtheuniversebegan.2.Thebigprojecthascostalmostasmuchasone________(十亿)dollars.3.Twopeoplehavebeenkilledinthe________(暴力的)incidentonMarch2nd.4.Acrossthe________(地球),sealevelvariesbyhundredsoffeet.5.Peoplesufferinghungerstill________(存在)inmanypartsoftheworldtoday.6.Smokingis________(有害的)tohealth,buttherearestillmanypeoplepickingitup.7.Somepeoplearestill________(迷惑的)abouthowthecomputerworks.8.________(不像)whatyousupposed,onlyfewpeopleattendedhisbirthdayparty.9.Thenewownershavetriedtogivetherestaurantamorefamilyfriendly________(气氛).10.Thelittleboyisinterestedin________(天文学).答案:1.theory2.billion3.violent4.globe5.exist6.harmful7.puzzled8.Unlike9.atmosphere10.astronomyⅡ.完成句子1.Thescientist'sexperiments______________(产生)anewdrug.2.Ifyougiveupthischance,you'llregretit____________(迟早).3.Afteralongtimewait,______________(轮到她)tolearnhowtodrive.4.______________(下蛋)istheantqueen'sfulltimejob.5.Theirson______________(被阻止上大学)becauseoftheirlowincome.6.Thesefamiliesmainly________(生存)theirpoorwages.7.Thegirllistenedwith______________(迷惑的表情)onherface.8.Sometimes,doingexerciseviolently______________(对健康有害).9.______________(不是这个淘气孩子的特点)tostaycalmforsuchalongtime.10.Ashewasangry,heshutthedoor________________(猛地).答案:1.gavebirthto2.intime3.itisherturn4.Layingeggs5.waspreventedfromgoingtocollege6.existon7.apuzzledexpression8.isharmfulto/doesharmtohealth9.Itisunlikethenaughtyboy10.violently/withviolenceⅢ.单项填空1.Thenewrulesmake________forpeopleheretohaveapeacefulenvironment.A.nopossibilityB.therewaspossibilityC.impossibleD.itpossible答案:D句意:这些新规定使这里的人们能够拥有一个和平的环境。it作形式宾语,真正的宾语为后面的不定式的复合结构。2.Thefestivalofthisyearhasbeenagreatsuccess,________theyearbeforewhenitrainednonstop.A.likeB.unlikeC.alikeD.dislike答案:B句意:今年这个节日过得很成功,不像前年过节时,雨下个不停。根据题干,此处需用介词,故排除C,D项。unlike意为“不同,不像”;符合题意。like相像的;类似的。3.PeopleofChitianCounty,Japan,hadbeenalwaystryinghardtokeepthemselves________bythetsunami(海啸),butunfortunatelyithappened.A.beinghurtB.fromhurtingC.hurtingD.frombeinghurt答案:D句意:日本池田县的人们一直努力避免海啸的伤害,但是不幸的事情还是发生了。keep...fromdoing...阻止……做……。此结构中介词from不可省掉。4.(2014·泰安高一检测)Theworkerearnedlittlemoneyamonth,sohehadto________onlyfastnoodles.A.existonB.existinC.lieinD.lieon答案:A考查短语辨析。句意:这个工人一个月挣的钱很少,因此不得不靠方便面度日。existon靠……生存;existin存在于……中;liein在于……,位于……;lieon与……接壤。结合句意应选A。5.(2012·安徽,31)Gracedoesn'twanttomovetoNewYorkbecauseshethinksifshe________there,shewouldn'tbeabletoseeherparentsveryoften.A.livesB.wouldliveC.havinglivedD.weretolive答案:D本题考查虚拟语气。句意:格蕾丝不想搬到纽约去,因为她认为如果她住在那里她就不能经常见到她的父母了。根据句意可知,because后面的分句表示将来的事情,且根据shewouldn'tbeabletoseeherparentsveryoften可知空白处要用虚拟语气,表示将来的动作,if从句可用shoulddo,weretodo或did,故选D项。6.Tom'sfatherisso________thatTomisafraidtotellhimhehasfailedintheexam.A.violentB.quietC.happyD.pleasant答案:A考查形容词的用法。violent意为“暴力的”;quiet意为“安静的”;happy意为“高兴的”;pleasant意为“快乐的”。从整个语境来看,B、C、D三项均不符合题意。因此正确答案为A。7.Itiswrongtosellproductsthatareharmful________thepeople.A.forB.withC.toD.on答案:C句意:销售对人有害的产品是不对的。beharmfulto为固定搭配,意思是“对……有害”。8.Inordertobe________forChristmas,allthesegiftsmustbemailedimmediately.A.againstB.intimeC.atatimeD.innotime答案:B句意:为了及时赶上圣诞节,所有这些礼物应马上寄出。(be)intimeforsth“及时赶上某事”,符合题意。Ⅳ.完形填空(2014·全国新课标Ⅰ)Asageneralrule,allformsofactivityleadtoboredomwhentheyareperformedonaroutine(常规)basis.Asamatteroffact,wecanseethis__1__atworkinpeopleofall__2__.Forexample,onChristmasmorning,childrenareexcitedabout__3__withtheirnewtoys.Buttheir__4__soonwearsoffandbyJanuarythose__5__toyscanbefoundputawayinthebasement.Theworldisfullof__6__stampalbumsandunfinishedmodels,eachstandingasamonumenttosomeone's__7__interest.Whenparentsbringhomeapet,theirchild__8__bathesitandbrushesitsfun.Withinashorttime,however,the__9__ofcaringfortheanimalishandedovertotheparents.Adolescentsenterhighschoolwithgreat__10__butaresoonlookingforwardto__11__.Thesameistrueoftheyoungadultsgoingtocollege.Andthen,howmany__12__,whonowcomplain(抱怨)aboutthelongdrivestowork,__13__droveforhoursatatimewhentheyfirst__14__theirdriver'slicenses(执照)?Beforepeopleretire,theyusually__15__todoalotof__16__things,whichtheyneverhad__17__todowhileworking.But__18__afterretirement,thegolfing,thefishing,thereadingandalloftheotherpastimesbecomeasboringasthejobsthey__19__.And,likethechildinJanuary,theygosearchingfornew__20__.文章大意:本文是一篇议论文。告诉我们,所有的事情按照一定的常规来进行的话,人会感到无聊厌倦的,这适合于所有年龄的人。然后从孩子到退休的老人举例来说明这一点。1.A.principleB.habitC.wayD.power答案:A文章开头提出,一般来说,所有形式的活动当它们按照一定的常规来进行的话,都会造成人无聊厌倦。这是一个常规,一个规则,故本空应填principle,意为“原则”。而habit个人行为习惯;way方法,方式;power权利,力量,均不合语境。2.A.partiesB.racesC.countriesD.ages答案:D由后文可知,这个原则适应于所有年龄的人。party政党;race种族;country国家;age年龄。由后面举的孩子和年轻人的例子可知。3.A.workingB.livingC.playingD.going答案:C在圣诞节的早上,孩子们很显然是对玩儿新玩具很兴奋。playwith玩……,跟……玩儿,符合语境。workwith跟……共事;livewith跟……一起生活;gowith跟……一起去,均不合语境。4.A.confidenceB.interestC.anxietyD.sorrow答案:B由常识可知,孩子们刚开始玩儿新玩具时,很感兴趣,但是慢慢地,就会失去兴趣。confidence自信;interest兴趣;anxiety焦虑;sorrow伤心。由语境可知B项正确。5.A.sameB.extraC.funnyD.expensive答案:A很显然,此处表示的是“圣诞节的新玩具被放置一边了”,也就是跟刚开始的是一样的玩具,故选same同样的,一样的。而非extra(额外