大学英语专业翻译重点句型讲评分析解析

练习1评讲Iamthenneverlessalonethanwhenalone.ThissentencewaswrittenbyWilliamHazlitt,aBritishwriterandcriticknownforhisessaysonmanysubjects,especiallyliterature.Hisbest-knowncollectionofessaysiscalledTableTalk.我外出旅行时和一人在家时一样的孤独。Nobodywillbethewiser.“Wise”hasthreebasicmeanings:1.Sensible;intelligent.Asin“youwerewisenottogo.”It’seasytobewiseaftertheevent.Itdoesn’thelptobewiseaftertheevent.2.Knowledgeable.Asin“heiswiseinlaw.”3.Knowing;understanding.Asin“wearenonethewiserforhisexplanation.”谁也不明白。Truthliesatthebottomofthedecanter.酒后吐真言。Similarexpressions:Thereistruthinwine.Variantofthisexpression:inwinethereistruth.Inaddition,Whenthewineisin,thewitisout.decanter,aglasscontainerforholdingalcoholicdrinksDon’ttellhimhometruth.不要跟他讲逆耳的事实。Onemoreexample:It’stimeyoutoldhimafewhometruths.现在你该跟他讲些不中听的大实话了。hometruth,atruebutunpleasantfactaboutaperson,usuallytoldtothepersonbysomebodyelseTheOEDisthefinalcourtofappealinallmattersconcerningEnglishwords.有关英语词汇的所有问题，《牛津词典》算得上最高权威。OxfordEnglishDictionarycourtofappeal上诉法院UsedasametaphorOneortwoofthejewelswouldneverbemissed.Theword“miss”hasatleastfivebasicmeanings:notdosth/failtodosth;betoolate;avoidsth;noticesthisn’tthere;feelsadwithout…1)Iamreallyhungry.Imissedbreakfast.2)Shefiredatthetargetbutmissed.3)Heoversleptandmissedthetrain.4)WhenGeorgewentawayIreallymissedhim.5)Heistheoneintheredhat.Youcan’tmisshim.6)Ifweleavenowweshouldmissthetraffic.7)Ididn’tmissmywallettillitcametopayingthebill.8)Johnnoticedadesignfaultintheenginethateveryoneelsehadmissed.(=notnotice)9)Youwillmisstheboatifyoudon’tbuythesesharesnow.少一两粒珠宝是察觉不到的。Iknowhemeantbusiness.我知道他是认真的。Meanbusiness,tobeseriousinone’sintentionThisfailurewasthemakingofhim.这次失败造就了他的成功。这次失败是他造成的。Thisfailureisofhisownmaking.Weshouldhavethemakingsofagoodtranslator.bethemakingofsb,tomakesomeoneamuchbetterormoresuccessfulpersonofone’sownmaking,problemsordifficultiesthatareofone’sownmakinghavebeencausedbysomebodyhimselforherselfandno-oneelsehavethemakingsof,havethequalitiesorskillsneededtobecomeacertainkindofapersonorthingHehasneverrecoveredherloss.他一直未能走出失去母亲的阴影。他一直未能从失去母亲的阴影走出来。Similarexpression:Shenevergotoverthelossofherson.herloss=thelossofhismother,butnothismother’slossIcoulddowithmoreleisuretime.要是再多些闲暇就好了。Onemoreexample:Thatmancoulddowithashave.cando=besatisfiedwith;becontentwithSheisnowinadelicatecondition.她怀孕了。inadelicatecondition=pregnantThelecturercarrieshisaudiencewith.讲演者的演讲博得全场喝彩。Onemoreexample:Hisactingcarriesthehouse.GeneralSmithandmyfatherareonfirstnamebasis.史密斯将军和我父亲的关系好到了直呼其名。Thegreymareisthebetterhorse.牝鸡司晨。公鸡不叫母鸡叫Howmuchdidyouhavetopaydownonthecar?那辆车你得首付多少？Richandpoorweresittingcheekbyjowlintheaudience.穷人与阔人并肩坐在那里听讲。Keepyourchinup.不要失去勇气。打起精神来。Thewindblowssouth.风从南面（边）吹来。刮南风。Theriverflowseast.Therewasnolivingintheisland.（那）岛上不能住人。thereisno+doing=cannotdooritisimpossibletodoAdrowningmancatchesatthestraw.一个要淹死的人哪怕是一根稻草也会去抓的。练习2讲评Itwasnotthathehadplentyofmoney.那并不是因为他很有钱（有很多钱）。“It”,ageneralpronoun,doesnotrefertothe“thatclause”thatfollows.Itisnotthatbutthat,referringtothereason.Thecavalrywerewellmounted.骑兵骑的都是好马。（骑兵装备精良）Here“well-mounted”referstothestatebutnotaction.Onemoreexample:Thewomanwaswelldressed.Hewantedtogotosea.他想（要）当水手。“Gotosea”meanstobecomeasailor.Theboyiscarelessofhisdress.那男孩不爱惜衣服。carelessof:deliberatelyignoringsomethingForChinese“不修边幅”，itshouldbecarelessaboutone’sappearance.Noneissodeafasthosethatwon’thear.没有比不要听（不想听）的人更聋了。won’t=willnotYoumustmakegoodanyloss.有任何损失你都得赔偿。makegood1)compensateeg.Letmemakegoodyourloss.2)performeg.Youmustmakegoodapromise.Thoseapplesaregoodandripe.那些苹果熟透了。goodand,usedasanadverbial,meaning“very”.Similarusages:niceand=nicely;rareand=rarelyThecarwasgoingniceandfast.=thecarwasgoingsatisfactorilyfast.车子跑得够快了。Thesmokebetrayedwherethedwellinglay.炊烟起处有人家。Theword“betray”usuallyhasfourbasicmeanings:1)toignoreone’sprinciplesorbeliefsinordertoachievesomethingorgainanadvantageforoneself;eg.Theybetrayedtheircountry.Hewasbetrayedbyhisfriend.2)Tohurtsomebodyyoutrust,especiallybynotbeingloyalorfaithfultothem;eg.Shebetrayedherpromise.Hewillnotbetrayourtrust.3)Togiveinformationaboutsomebodyorsomethingtoothers;eg.Hebetrayedhisfriend’ssecret.4)Toshowone’sfeelings,thoughtsorparticularcharacteristicofsomething;eg.Hisbehaviorbetrayedhisintention.Hismistakesbetrayedhislackofeducation.Cursescomehometoroost.害人终害己。Thissentencemeanswrongdoersultimatelyhavetosuffertheconsequencesoftheirbaddeeds.Itisalsousedwhenthosewhohavewishedevilonothersarestruckbymisfortunethemselves.It’scompleteformis:curses,likechickens,comehometoroost.Variantofthissaying:chickensalwayscomehometoroost.curse:magicwordswhichareintendedtobringbadlucktosomeoneEg.Inthestory,awickedwitchputacurseontheprincessfor100years.Usedasverb:Thingsweregoingsobadly–itwasasifIhadbeencursed.curse:acauseoftroubleandunhappinessEg.Noiseisthecurseofmoderncitylife.cursed:sufferingInrecentyearsIhavebeencursedwithworseningsight.Heisbravelikeanything.其勇无比。HisBraverycanbecomparedtoanything.Sotheme