重庆市酸雨分布特征

366200812METEOROLOGICALSCIENCEANDTECHNOLOGYVol.36,No.6Dec.2008重庆市酸雨分布特征何泽能1谭炳全2高阳华1唐晓萍2(1,401147;2,400030)35pH,3pH,,3pH4.5,pH4.07,,84.05%,27.42%,26.23%;95.42%,39.54%,23.86%pH4.5,pH4.0pH,pHpH(2005BA901A01)(zl200837):,,1980,,,,Email:[e-mail]:2008416;:2008728,,,,,pH5.60,[1],,,,,,,,,,,,[2~8],,,,,,,[9,10],[11,12],[13],[14][15~18],,,,,3512004,,,35,,!∀[18]2004122007113pH,,,,1223~56~89~11pH5.6,[1];4.5,,;4.0,,pH5.64.54.0pH,(H+)[19],pH,:Vi(H+)=10-pHi(1)V(H+)=#Vi(H+)Ri#Ri(2)pH=-lgV(H+)(3),pHipH,pHpH;Vi(H+)pH,V(H+),mol∃L-1;Ri,mmpH,SurferKriging,pH22.1200412200711pH11,,pH5.6,1,pH4.5,pH4.0,pHpH,pH4.5,pH5.5[20],,;;,,,pH,,,pH,3pH4.07,pH3.93,,120041220071pH200412200711pH22:%pH5.6,;&pH,,;∋(pH4.0),7076:2pH2.220041220071133:%pH5.670%,pH4.550%,pH4.050%384.05%,27.42%,2623%;95.42%,39.54%,23.86%,;&pH,pHpH4.5,,pH4.520041220071144:%,,;&3,pH,4,(5)pH,pH46pH6:%pH4.5,,pH4.0,,pH4.0,;&pH,pHpH708367096:54(1),3pH4.5,pH4.07,pH4.0,pH3.93(2)384.05%,27.42%,26.23%;95.42%,39.54%,23.86%;(3)pH4.5,pH4.0pH,pHpH[1]GB/T19117-2003[S].[2]VogtD,GuoJingheng,LuoJiahai,etal,WaterchemistryinforestedacidsensitivesitesinsubtropicalAsiareceivingacidrainandalkalinedust[J].AppliedGeochemistry,2007,22(6):11401148.[3]MenzaC,SeipHM.AcidraininEuropeandtheUnitedStates:anupdate[J].EnvironmentalScience&Policy,2004,7(4):253265.[4]WangTJ,JinLS,LiZK,etal.AmodelingstudyonacidrainandrecommendedemissioncontrolstrategiesinChina71036[J].AtmosphericEnvironment,200034:44674477.[5].[J].,2002,22(4):371375.[6].[J].,1994,14(5):323329.[7],.[J].,1997,10(2):17.[8],.[J].,2002,28(10):1418.[9],,.pH[J].,2005,24(2):344348.[10],,,.[J].,2003,25(11):112114.[11].[J].:,2007,29(4):164168.[12],,.[J].,2007,35(6):792796.[13],.[J].,2000,26(4):15.[14],,.[J]..1996,18(6):1823.[15],,.[J].,2003,25(12):7173.[16],.:[J].,1998,6(5):29.[17],.[J].,1996,16(3):251257.[18],.[J].,1995,6(3):4348.[19].[M].:,2005:2728.[20],,,.[J].,2006,34(6):684687.DistributionFeaturesofAcidRaininChongqingHeZeneng1TanBingquan2GaoYanghua1TangXiaoping2(1ChongqingInstituteofMeteorologicalSciences,Chongqing401147;2ShapingbaMeteorologicalBureau,Chongqing400030)Abstract:ThedistributionfeaturesofacidrainduringtherecentthreeyearsintheChongqingareaareanalyzedwiththepHdataofprecipitationmeasuredat35weatherstations.TheresultsindicatethatthereareacidrainsinmostpartsofChongqing,andsomeofthemareverysevere.Inrecentthreeyears,pHvalueswerelowerthan4.5inmostareasofChongqingwiththeaveragebeing4.07,lowerinthewesternandsoutheasternareasandhigherinthecentralandnortheasternareas.ThefrequencyofprecipitationwithpHvaluebeinglowerthan4.5isveryhigh.Thefrequencyofacidraininrecentthreeyearswas84.05%generally,27.42%forrelativelysevereacidrainsand26.23%forsevereacidrainsinthewholeChongqing.Inthedowntownarea,thefrequencyofacidrainwas95.42%,39.54%foracidrains,relativelysevereacidrainsand23.86%forsevereacidrains.Thefrequenciesofsevereacidrainsinautumnandwinnerwerehigherthanthoseinspringandsummer.TheseasonalmeanpHofprecipitationforeachseasonwaslowerthan4.5.ThepHvaluesvariedwiththeseason,lowerinautumnandwinnerandhigherinspringandsummer.Keywords:Chongqing,acidrain,distributionfeature7116: