初中英语单词分类记忆一、分类记忆法(名词)(1)星期(week):Monday、Tuesday、Wednesday、Thursday、Friday、Saturday、Sunday(2)月份(month):January、February、March、April、May、June、July、August、September、October、November、December(3)季节(season):spring/summer/autumn/winter(春/夏/秋/冬)(4)时间:second(秒)minute(分)hour(小时)day(天)night(夜)week(星期)month(月份)year(年)century(世纪)(5)国家:(country)China(中国)Japan(日本)England(英国)India(印度)Canada(加拿大)America/theUnitedStates(美国)Australia(澳大利亚)Germany(德国)Russia(俄罗斯)France(法国)(6)大洲:Asia(亚洲)Africa(非)America(美)Europe(欧洲)(7)方位(direction):east/west/south/north(东西南北)left/right(左右)(8)交通工具:bike/bicycle(自行车)bus(公共汽车)car(小汽车)jeep(吉普车)train(火车)ship(轮船)plane(飞机)(9)饮食(meal):breakfast(早餐)lunch(午餐)supper(晚餐)dinner(正餐、晚餐)snack(快餐)picnic(野餐)(10)米面及肉类食品:rice(米饭)porridge(粥)dumpling(饺子)noodle(面条)meat(肉)beef(牛肉)mutton(羊肉)chicken(鸡肉)egg(鸡蛋)(11)水果(fruit):apple(苹果)banana(香蕉)pear(梨子)orange(橙子)strawberry(草莓)watermelon(西瓜)(12)蔬菜(vegetable):tomato(西红柿)potato(马铃薯)carrot(胡萝卜)cabbage(洋白菜、卷心菜)onion(洋葱)(13)零食(snack):chocolate(巧克力)hamburger(汉堡包)cake(蛋糕)bread(面包)mooncake(月饼)icecream(冰淇淋)cheese(奶酪)salad(沙拉)dessert(甜食)candy(糖果)biscuit(饼干)(14)饮料(drink):juice(果汁)milk(牛奶)tea(茶)greentea(绿茶)coffee(咖啡)water(水)(15)调料(relish):butter(黄油)sugar(糖)salt(盐)oil(油)(16)学习用品:pen(钢笔)pencil(铅笔)eraser(橡皮擦)ruler(直尺)knife(小刀)dictionary(字/词典)schoolbag(书包)pencilcase(文具盒)notebook(笔记本)textbook(课本)(17)颜色(color):red红(的)yellow黄blue蓝green绿black黑white白orange橙黄brown棕/褐/pink粉红/purple紫/gray/grey灰/(18)衣着:clothes(衣服)hat(帽子)shirt(衬衫)T-shirt(男衬衫)coat(外套/上衣)raincoat(雨衣)skirt(裙子)dress(裙子/衣服)trousers(裤子)jeans(牛仔裤)shorts(短裤)sock(袜子)shoe(鞋子)uniform(制服)(19)科目(subject):Chinese(语)math(数)English(英)history(史)geography(地)biology(生)physics(物理)chemistry(化学)P.E.(体育)music(音乐)art(美术)(20)身体部位(body):head(头)hair(头发)face(脸)eye(眼睛)nose(鼻子)mouth(嘴巴)tooth(牙齿)ear(耳朵)neck(脖子)arm(手臂)hand(手)finger(手指)heart(心)back(背部)knee(膝盖)leg(腿)foot(脚)(21)亲属:father(父)mother(母)parents(父母)grandfather/grandpa(爷爷/外公)grandmother/grandma(奶奶/外婆)grandparents(爷奶/外公外婆)brother(兄弟)sister(姐妹)cousin堂(表)兄弟/堂(表)姐妹husband(丈夫)wife(妻子)son(儿子)daughter(女儿)uncle(叔/伯/舅/姨夫/姑父)aunt(姨/姑/婶/伯母/舅母)(22)动物(animal):lion(狮子)tiger(老虎)elephant(大象)camel(骆驼)cow(奶牛)pig(猪)fox(狐狸)snake(蛇)duck(鸭子)chicken(鸡)hen(母鸡)bird(小鸟)rabbit(兔子)panda(熊猫)deer(鹿)giraffe(长颈鹿)sheep(羊)fish(鱼)ant(蚂蚁)mouse(mice)/rat(老鼠)dog(狗)cat(猫)monkey(猴子)(23)职业:teacher(老师)doctor(医生)nurse(护士)policeman∕woman(男∕女警察)reporter(记者)waiter(服务员)scientist(科学家)farmer(农民)fisherman(渔夫)cook(厨师)driver(司机)student/pupil(学生)(24)公共场所:shop/store(商店)bank(银行)hospital(医院)policestation(警察局)TVstation(电视站)stop(车站)cinema(电影院)theater(戏剧院)hotel(旅馆)restaurant(餐馆)factory(工厂)company(公司)market(市场)supermarket(超市)museum(博物馆)postoffice(邮局)school(学校)airport∕field(飞机场)(25)学校:primaryschool(小学)middleschool(中学)juniorhighschool(初中)seniorhighschool(高中)university∕college(大学)(26)房间:living-room(起居室/客厅)bedroom(卧室)bathroom(洗澡房)kitchen(厨房)restroom/washroom(卫生间)(27)宇宙:sun(日)moon(月)star(星星)planet(行星)earth(地球)sky(天空)air(空气)rain(雨)cloud(云)wind(风)snow(雪)fog(雾)(28)天气(weather):sunny(晴朗的)rainy(多雨的)cloudy(多云的、阴天的)windy(有风的)snowy(多雪的)foggy(多雾的)(29)运动:basketball(篮球)football∕soccer(足球)volleyball(排球)baseball(网球)tennis(羽毛球)tabletennis/ping-pong(乒乓球)(30)乐器:drum(鼓)piano(钢琴)violin(小提琴)guitar(吉他)二、构词记忆法1、合成法:由两个或者两个以上的词合成新词,这种构词法叫做合成法。例如:worldwide(全世界的)=world(世界)+wide(广泛的),classroom(教室)down∕upstairs(在楼下/楼上)friendship(友谊)everywhere(各地/到处)homework(家庭作业)housework(家务)southeast(东南部)underground(地下的)homeland(故乡/祖国)hometown(家乡)countryside(乡村)playground(操场)toothbrush(牙刷)oversleep(睡过头)earthquake(地震)2、词缀记忆法:(1)前缀1)un-(不/非,表否定):able(能够…的)→unable(不能的)、uncomfortable(不舒服的)unusual(不同寻常的)unhealthy(不健康的)unhappy(不快乐的)unfriendly(不友好的)2)dis-(不/非,表否定):advantage(优点)→disadvantage(缺点)cover(覆盖)→discover(发现)disagree(不同意)dislike(不喜欢)3)im-(不/非,表否定):impolite(不礼貌的)impossible(不可能)4)re-(又/再/重新):review(复习)return(归还)rewrite(重写)recycle(再循环;回收利用)5)inter-(相互/在一起):interview(面试)、international(国际的)、Internet(因特网)6)en-(使):encourage(鼓励)、endanger(危及;使遭受危险)(2)后缀1)-or/-er(从事某职业的人):actor(演员)visitor(参观者)collector(搜集者)director(主任/主管)singer(歌手)teacher(老师)reader(读者)writer(作家)foreigner(外国人)learner(学习者)villager(村民)winner(胜利者)foreigner(外国人)owner(所有者/物主)特例:post(邮寄)→poster(海报)draw(画画)—drawer(抽屉)cook(煮)—cook(厨师)—cooker(厨具)2)-ist(人):science(科学)→scientist(科学家)、artist(艺术家)、tourist(旅行者)、terrorist(恐怖分子)pianist(钢琴家)violinist(小提琴家)3)-tion(表示动作/状态,名词后缀):invite(v.邀请)→invitationpronounce(发音)→pronunciationprediction(预言)competition(竞争)、invention(发明)instruction(指示/用法说明)attention(注意、专心)pollution(污染)organization(组织)4)-ment(表示动作/状态,名词后缀):develop(v.发展)→development(n.发展)improvement(改善)argument(争论)statement(陈述;声明)requirement(要求)government(政府)5)-ture/-ure(名词后缀):picture(图画)temperature(温度)future(将来)structure(结构;构造)pressure(压力)pleasure(愉快)6)-th(名词后缀):true(真实的)→truth(真相)breath(n.呼吸)birth(n.出生)7)-ful(充满,形容词后缀):successful(成功的)、wonderful(精彩的)colorful(颜色鲜艳的/丰富多彩的)beautiful(美丽的)careful(仔细的/小心的)peaceful(平静的/和平的)playful(顽皮的)8)-less(没有/无,形容词后缀):care→careless(粗心的)helpless(无助的)homeless(无家可归的)useless(无用的)9)-y(表性质,形容词后缀)funny(有趣的)healthy(健康的)sleepy(困倦的)tasty(味美可口的)lucky(幸运的)salty