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Passage1In1939twobrothers,MacandDickMcDonald,startedadrive-inrestaurantinSanBernadino,California.Theycarefullychoseabusycornerfortheirlocation.Theyhadruntheirownbusinessesforyears,firstatheater,thenabarbecue（烤肉）restaurant,andthenanotherdrive-in.Butintheirnewoperation,theyofferedanew,shortenedmenu:Frenchfries,hamburgers,andsodas.Tothissmallselectiontheyaddedonenewconcept:quickservice,nowaitersorwaitresses,andnotips.Theirhamburgerssoldforfifteencents.Cheesewasanotherfourcents.TheirFrenchfriesandhamburgershadaremarkableuniformity,forthebrothershaddevelopedastrictroutineforthepreparationoftheirfood,andtheyinsistedontheircooks'stickingtotheirroutine.Theirnewdrive-inbecameincrediblypopular,particularlyforlunch.Peopledroveupbythehundredsduringthebusynoontime.Theself-servicerestaurantwassopopularthatthebrothershadallowedtencopiesoftheirrestauranttobeopened.TheywerecontentwiththismodestsuccessuntiltheymetRayKroc.KrocwasasalesmanwhomettheMcDonaldbrothersin1954,whenhewassellingmilkshake-mixingmachines.Hequicklysawtheuniqueappealofthebrothers'fast-foodrestaurantsandboughttherighttofranchise（特许经营）othercopiesoftheirrestaurants.Theagreementstruckincludedtherighttoduplicatethemenu.Theequipment,eventheirredandwhitebuildingswiththegoldenarches（拱门）.TodayMcDonald'sisreallyahouseholdname.ItsnamesforitssandwicheshavecometomeanhamburgerinthedecadessincethedayRayKrocwatchedpeoplerushuptoorderfifteen-centhamburgers.In1976,McDonald'shadover$1billionintotalsales.Itsfirsttwenty-twoyearsisoneofthemostincrediblesuccessstoriesinmodernAmericanbusinesshistory.1.Thispassagemainlytalksabout.A）thedevelopmentoffastfoodservicesB）howMcDonald'sbecameabillion-dollarbusinessC）thebusinesscareersofMacandDickMcDonaldD）RayKroc'sbusinesstalent2.MacandDickmanagedallofthefollowingbusinessesexcept.A）adrive-inB）acinemaC）atheaterD）abarbecuerestaurant3.Wemayinferfromthispassagethat.A）MacandDickMcDonaldneverbecamewealthyfortheysoldtheirideatoKrocB）ThelocationtheMcDonaldschosewastheonlysourceofthegreatpopularityoftheirdrive-inC）Fortyyearsagotherewerenumerousfast-foodrestaurantsD）RayKrocwasagoodbusinessman4.Thepassagesuggeststhat.A）creativityisanimportantelementofbusinesssuccessB）RayKrocwastheclosepartneroftheMcDonaldbrothersC）MacandDickMcDonaldbecamebrokenaftertheysoldtheirideastoRayKrocD）Californiaisthebestplacetogointobusiness5.Asusedinthesecondsentenceofthethirdparagraph,theworduniquemeans.A）specialB）financialC）attractiveD）peculiarPassage2You'rebusyfillingouttheapplicationformforapositionyoureallyneed;let'sassumeyouonceactuallycompletedacoupleofyearsofcollegeworkoreventhatyoucompletedyourdegree.Isn'tittemptingtoliejustalittle,toclaimontheformthatyourdiplomarepresentsaHarvarddegree?OrthatyoufinishedanextracoupleofyearsbackatStateUniversity?Moreandmorepeopleareturningtoutterdeceptionlikethistolandtheirjobortomoveaheadintheircareers,forpersonnelofficers,likemostAmericans,valuedegreesfromfamousschools.Ajobapplicantmayhaveagoodeducationanyway,butheorsheassumesthatchancesofbeinghiredarebetterwithadiplomafromawell-knownuniversity.Registrarsatmostwell-knowncollegessaytheydealwithdeceitfulclaimsliketheseattherateofaboutoneperweek.Personnelofficersdocheckupondegreeslistedonapplicationforms,then.Ifitturnsoutthatanapplicantslying,mostcollegesarereluctanttoaccusetheapplicantdirectly.OneIvyLeagueschoolcallsthemimpostors（骗子）;anotherreferstothemasspecialcases.Onewell-knownWestCoastschool,inperhapsthemostdelicatephraseofall,saysthattheseclaimsaremadebynosuchpeople.Toavoidoutright（彻底的）lies,somejob-seekersclaimthattheyattendedorwereassociatedwithacollegeoruniversity.Aftercarefullychecking,apersonnelofficermaydiscoverthatattendingmeansbeingdismissedafteronesemester.Itmaybethatbeingassociatedwithacollegemeansthatthejob-seekervisitedhisyoungerbrotherforafootballweekend.Oneschoolthatkeepsrecordsoffalseclaimssaysthatthepracticedatesbackatleasttotheturnofthecentury-that'swhentheybegankeepingrecords,anyhow.Ifyoudon'twanttolieorevenstretchthetruth,therearecompaniesthatwillsellyouaphony（假的）diploma.Onecompany,withofficesinNewYorkandontheWestCoast,willputyournameonadiplomafromanynumberofnon-existentcolleges.ThepricebeginsataroundtwentydollarsforadiplomafromSmootStateUniversity.ThepricesincreaserapidlyforadegreefromtheUniversityofPurdue.AsthereisnoSmootStateandtherealschoolinIndianaproperlycalledPurdueUniversity,thepricesseemratherhighforonesheetofpaper.6.Themainideaofthispassageisthat.A）employersarecheckingmorecloselyonapplicantsnowB）lyingaboutcollegedegreeshasbecomeawidespreadproblemC）collegedegreescannowbepurchasedeasilyD）employersarenolongerinterestedincollegedegrees7.Accordingtothepassage,specialcasesrefertocaseswhere.A）studentsattendaschoolonlypart-timeB）studentsneverattendedaschooltheylistedontheirapplicationC）studentspurchasefalsedegreesfromcommercialfilmsD）studentsattendedafamousschool8.Wecaninferfromthepassagethat.A）performanceisabetterjudgeofabilitythatacollegedegreeB）experienceisthebestteacherC）pastworkhistoriesinfluencepersonnelofficersmorethandegreesdoD）adegreefromafamoussch